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Change of Constituent Components in Selected Korean Chestnut (Castanea crenata S. et Z.) Cultivars by Different Storage Conditions

국내산 밤 일부 품종의 다른 저장 조건들에 의한 성분변화

  • Kim, Dae-Jung (Dept. of Plant Biotechnology, Division of Biotechnology, School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Chung, Mi-Ja (The Nutraceutical Bio Brain Korea 21 Project Group, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Seo, Dong-Joo (Dept. of Plant Biotechnology, Division of Biotechnology, School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University) ;
  • You, Jin-Kyoun (Dept. of Plant Biotechnology, Division of Biotechnology, School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Shim, Tae-Heum (Food & Drug Analysis Division, Institute of Health & Environment, Gangwon Province) ;
  • Choe, Myeon (Dept. of Plant Biotechnology, Division of Biotechnology, School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University)
  • 김대중 (강원대학교 식물생명공학) ;
  • 정미자 (강원대학교 BK21사업단(뉴트라슈티컬바이오)) ;
  • 서동주 (강원대학교 식물생명공학) ;
  • 유진균 (강원대학교 식물생명공학) ;
  • 심태흠 (강원도 보건환경연구원) ;
  • 최면 (강원대학교 식물생명공학)
  • Published : 2009.02.28

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze moisture, crude protein, crude lipid, vitamin C and sugar changes in selected Korean chestnut cultivars such as Danteack, Deabo, Seokchu, Okkwang and Byunggo during storage at $4^{\circ}C$ and $-10^{\circ}C$ for 10 months. The moisture contents of selected Korean chestnut cultivars ranged from 49.9 to 57.4%. The moisture content of Seokchu was the highest. The contents of moisture in white kernel were higher than that in yellow kernel. The content of moisture showed decreasing tendency after 10 months of storage. The crude protein and crude lipid contents in whole kernel of selected Korean chestnut cultivars were $3.3{\sim}4.2%$ and $0.3{\sim}1.6%$, respectively. The crude protein content of Deabo was the highest. The crude protein in Danteack, Seokchu, Okkwang and Byunggo was increased during storage at $4^{\circ}C$ for 10 months, while that in whole kernel of Deabo was decreased and no changes in crude protein in yellow kernels of Deabo were observed. The crude protein in Okkwang was increased during storage at $-10^{\circ}C$ for 10 months. The cold storage was found to have higher composition change of crude protein than the freezing storage. The content of crude lipid in Daebo and Byunggo was decreased during storage at $4^{\circ}C$ and $-10^{\circ}C$. Yellow kernels of Deabo, Okkwang and Byunggo were found to have higher crude lipid content than white kernels. The vitamin C content also decreased during storage at $4^{\circ}C$ and $-10^{\circ}C$ and the decrease in vitamin C content was higher at $4^{\circ}C$ than $-10^{\circ}C$. Vitamin C was not detected after 3 months storage at $-10^{\circ}C$. The sugar content increased at the latter period storage at $4^{\circ}C$ and $-10^{\circ}C$. The sugar content of selected Korean chestnut cultivars ranged from $36.2{\sim}44.3%$ and Dantaek had the highest sugar content.

본 연구의 목적은 국내 주요 밤 5품종(단택, 대보, 석추, 옥광, 병고)의 전체과육, 흰과육 그리고 노란과육을 10개월 동안 냉장($4^{\circ}C$), 냉동($-10^{\circ}C$) 저장 중에 수분, 조단백질, 조지방, 비타민 C 그리고 당의 함량 변화를 알아보므로 국내산 밤의 이용가치를 높일 수 있는 저장방법 및 가공식품 개발을 위한 기초자료를 제공하는 것이다. 밤 5품종의 전체과육 중 수분함량은 $49.9{\sim}57.4%$였으며, 석추($57.4{\pm}0.2%$)가 밤 5품종 중 수분함량이 가장 높았고, 단택($49.9{\pm}0.1%$)이 가장 낮았다. 단택을 제외하고 시료의 흰과육이 전체과육보다 수분 함량이 더 높았고, 노란과육보다 흰과육에서 수분함량이 높았다. 5품종 밤의 전체과육, 흰과육 및 노란과육을 10개월 동안 냉장($4^{\circ}C$), 냉동($-10^{\circ}C$) 저장 중 수분함량 변화를 보면 감소하는 경향이었다. 밤 5품종의 전체과육 중 조단백질 함량은 $3.3{\sim}4.2%$였으며, 주요 밤 5품종 중 대보($4.2{\pm}0.2%$)에서 조단백질 함량이 가장 높았다. 단택, 석추, 옥광, 병고를 10개월간 냉장 저장한 후 조단백질 함량을 저장 전과 비교한 결과 유의적으로 증가하였으나, 대보의 전체과육은 감소하였고, 노란과육은 변화가 없었다. 10개월간 냉동 저장 후 옥광의 전체시료에서만 조단백질이 유의적으로 증가하였다. 10개월간 냉장과 냉동 보관한 후 보관 온도가 다른 시료의 조단백질 함량 변화를 비교한 결과 냉장 보관보다는 냉동보관에서 함량변화가 적었다. 대보와 병고의 조지방 함량은 냉장($4^{\circ}C$), 냉동($-10^{\circ}C$) 저장 중 감소하였고, 대보, 옥광 그리고 병고에서는 흰과육보다 노란과육에서 조지방 함량이 높았다. 비타민 C 역시 감소하였다. 비타민 C의 감소는 냉동 ($-10^{\circ}C$) 저장보다는 냉장($4^{\circ}C$) 저장에서 더 급속하게 감소하였으며, 3개월 냉동 저장 후 모든 시료에 비타민 C가 검출되지 않았다. 당 함량은 냉장, 냉동 저장 후반기에 증가하였다. 밤 5품종의 전체과육 중 당 함량은 $36.2{\circ}44.3%$였으며, 단택에서 당 함량이 가장 높았다.

Keywords

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