The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY (한국해양학회지:바다)

The Korean Society of Oceanography (한국해양학회)
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Current Status of Photobiological Hydrogen Production Technology Using Unicellular Marine Cyanobacterial Strains

단세포성 해양남세균 종주를 이용한 광생물학적 수소생산 기술

  • Park, Jong-Woo (Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University) ;
  • Kim, Jae-Man (Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University) ;
  • Yih, Won-Ho (Department of Oceanography, Kunsan National University)
  • Published : 2009.02.28
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Abstract

Among various microscopic organisms producing photobiological hydrogen, cyanobacteria have long been recognized as the promising biological agents for hydrogen economy in 21 century. For photobiological production of hydrogen energy, marine unicellular $N_2$-fixing cyanobacteria have been evaluated as an ideal subgroup of Cyanophyceae. To develope the hydrogen production technology using unicellular $N_2$-fixing cyanobacteria, 3 important factors are pre-requisite: 1) isolation of the best strain from marine natural environment, 2) exploration on the strain-specific optimal conditions for the photobiological hydrogen production, and finally 3) application of the molecular genetic tools to improve the natural ability of the strain to produce hydrogen. Here we reviewed the recent research & development to commercialize photobiological hydrogen production technology, and suggest that intensive R&D during next 10-15 years should be imperative for the future Korean initiatives in the field of the photobiological hydrogen production technology using photosynthetic marine unicellular cyanobacterial strains.

광생물학적 수소생산 잠재력을 가진 다양한 미소생물 가운데, 남세균은 21세기의 수소경제 시대에 적합한 생물군으로 오랫동안 알려져 왔다. 광생물학적으로 수소에너지를 생산하게 될 경우, 해양 단세포성 질소고정 남세균은 남세균류의 하부 분류군들 가운데 가장이상적인 종류의 하나로 평가되고 있다. 단세포성 질소고정 남세균을 이용한 수소생산 기술을 개발하기 위해 반드시 고려해야 할 3가지 사항은 1) 자연계에 존재하는 최우수 수소생산 종주의 확립 2) 광생물학적 수소생산을 뒷받침하는 종주-특이적 최적조건의 탐색 3) 유전학적 방법을 이용한 수소생산 종주의 개량 등이다. 본고에서는 광생물학적 수소생산기술의 상업화를 향한 최근의 연구 개발 추세를 돌아보고, 해양 단세포성 남세균 종주를 이용한 광생물학적 수소생산 기술 분야에서 한국의 세계선도적 지위 확보를 위해서는 향후 10-15년간 집중적인 연구 개발이 절실함을 제안하고자 한다.

Keywords

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