Characteristics of Breeding Bird Communities between Natural and Fired Forests in Ussuri, Russia

러시아 우수리 지역의 천연림과 산불피해림에서 번식기 조류 군집의 특성

  • Lee, Woo-Shin (Department of Forest Science, Seoul National University) ;
  • Rhim, Shin-Jae (Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Lee, Eun-Jae (Department of Forest Science, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kurdiukov, Alexey (Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far-East Branch, Russian Academy of Science)
  • Received : 2009.03.03
  • Accepted : 2009.04.14
  • Published : 2009.06.30

Abstract

This study was conducted to clarify the breeding bird communities between natural and fired forests in Verchneussuriisky Research Forest ($44^{\circ}$ 02' N, $134^{\circ}$ 10' E) Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far-East Branch, Russian Academy of Science at Ussuri, Russia from 7 to 11 June 2008. Total 37 species of birds were recorded in both study sites. Luscinia cyane, Urosphena squameiceps, and Emberiza tristrami were most dominant species. In natural forest, 115 individuals of 32 species were observed and bird species diversity (H') was 3.13. Sixty two individuals of 29 species were recorded and bird species diversity was 3.12 in fired forest. Bush and Canopy nesting guilds were higher in natural forest than in fired forest. But hole nesting guild was higher in fired forest. In foraging guilds, canopy foraging guild was most dominant in both study site. Air and bush foraging guilds were higher in natural forest. The differences of bird communities would be caused by differences of habitat conditions between study sites.

본 연구는 천연림과 산불피해림에서 번식기 조류 군집의 특성을 파악하기 위해 2008년 6월에 러시아 우수리 지역에 위치한 러시아과학원 극동분원 생물토양과학연구소 산하 Verchneussuriisky 연구림($44^{\circ}$ 02' N, $134^{\circ}$ 10' E)에서 실시되었다. 조사 결과 37종의 조류가 서식하고 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 쇠유리새(Luscinia cyane)와 숲새(Urosphena squameiceps), 흰배멧새(Emberiza tristrami) 등이 가장 우점을 이루고 있었다. 천연림에서는 32종 115개체의 조류가 관찰되었으며 종다양성지수는 3.13인 것으로 나타났다. 산불피해림에서는 모두 29종 62개체의 조류가 기록되었으며, 종다양성지수는 3.12였다. 길드 구조에 대한 분석 결과, 천연림에서 관목층 영소 길드와 수관층 영소 길드에 속한 조류의 종수와 개체수가 많은 것으로 나타났다. 반면 산불피해림에서 나무구멍 영소 길드에 속한 조류가 많았다. 채이 길드에 있어서는 두 지역 모두 수관층 채이 길드에 속한 조류가 절대다수를 차지하고 있었다. 그 밖에 공중 및 관목층 채이 길드에 속한 조류는 천연림이 산불피해림에 비해 높은 것으로 나타났다. 두 지역에서의 조류 군집의 특성차이는 산림환경 구조 및 서식환경의 차이와 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 산림청,중앙대학교

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