Journal of Aquaculture (한국양식학회지)

The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science (한국양식학회)
권호 표지

Dietary Value of Candida utilis for Artemia Nauplii and Mytilus edulis Larvae

Artemia nauplii와 Mytilus edulis 유생에 대한 Candida utilis의 먹이효율

  • Kim, Hae-Young (Department of Aquaculture, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Kim, Jung-Kyun (Department of Bioengineering, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Hur, Sung-Bum (Department of Aquaculture, Pukyong National University)
  • Published : 2009.02.25
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Yeast has been widely used as a food organism for mass culture of rotifer and also considered as a partial substitute food for microalga in shellfish culture. But the dietary value of yeast is poorer than that of microalga due to its low nutrition and thick cell wall. This study was carried out to find a nutritious yeast species as a food organism and to investigate the nutritional value of manipulated yeast for shellfish. First of all, three species of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida utilis, Kluyveromyces fragilis) and their manipulated yeast were tested on the survival (%) and growth of Artemia nauplii and Mytilus edulis larvae, which were representative filter feeding animal and easy to control. The survival (%) and growth of Artemia nauplii fed C. utilis were higher than those fed S. cerevisiae or K. fragilis. The growth of Artemia nauplii and M. edulis larvae, which were fed manipulated yeast was higher than that fed non-manipulated one. The manipulated yeast with higher removal rate of cell wall showed better dietary value for Artemia nauplii and M. edulis larvae. M. edulis larvae fed mixed-diet with Isochrysis galbana (50%) and manipulated C. utilis (50%) showed significantly higher growth than those fed single-diet with I. galbana. It means that manipulated C. utilis can substitute I. galbana at least 50% for M. edulis larvae.

식물먹이생물인 미세조류를 대체할 수 있는 효모를 개발하기 위하여 빵효모 (S. cerevisiae), C. utilis 및 K. fragilis의 먹이효율을 조사하였다. 이들 3종류 효모의 세포벽을 제거한 것과 제거하지 않은 것을 Artemia nauplii를 대상으로 조사하였고, 그 중 가장 좋은 먹이효율을 보인 C. utilis를 택하여 진주담치 유생을 대상으로 그 먹이효율을 조사하였다. 또 효모의 먹이효율을 향상시키기 위하여 C. utilis의 세포벽을 약 25%, 50%, 75% 제거하여, 그에 따른 진주담치 유생의 먹이효율을 조사하였다. Artemia nauplii의 실험결과 C. utilis는 빵효모나 K. fragilis보다 높은 생존율과 성장을 보였다. Artemia nauplii와 진주담치 유생 실험 모두에서 C. utilis의 세포벽을 제거하여 공급한 실험구는 제거하지 않은 실험구보다 유의적으로 높은 생존율과 성장을 보였다. 또 세포벽을 많이 제거할수록 성장과 생존율은 높은 경향이었다. 세포벽을 75% 제거한 C. utilis를 공급한 진주담치 유생의 생존율과 성장은 대조구인 I. galbana를 공급한 실험구와 유의성이 없었다. 또 세포벽을 75% 제거한 C. utilis를 I. galbana와 50%씩 혼합하여 공급한 진주담치 유생은 I. galbana만을 100% 공급한 대조구에 비하여 유의적으로 높은 성장을 보였다(P<0.05). 따라서 세포벽을 75% 제거한 C. utilis는 조개류의 대표적 먹이생물로 알려진 I. galbana를 최소 50% 이상 대체할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Alataro, P., 1980. Yest utilization in oysters and clarns. M. Sc. thesis, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA, 49 pp
  2. Brown, M.R., S.M. Barrett, J.K. Volkman, S.P. Nearhos, J.A. Nell and GL. AlIan, 1996. Biochemical composítion of new yeasts and bacteria evaluated as food for bivalve aquaculture. Aquaculture, 143, 341-360 https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(96)01286-0
  3. Cho, S.H., S.B. Hur, and J.Y. Cho, 2001. Effects of enriched live feed on survival and growth rates in larval Korean rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli Hilgendorf. Aquaculture Research, 32, 199-208
  4. Chu, F.L.E., K.L. Webb, D. Hepworth and B.B. Casey, 1987. Metarnorphosis of larvae of Crassostrea virginica fed microεncapsulated diets. Aquaculture, 64, 185-197 https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(87)90324-3
  5. Chu, F.L.E., K.L. Webb, D. Hepworth and M. Roberts, 1982. The acceptability and digestibility of microεncapsulates by larvae of Crassostreα virginica. J. Shellfish Res., 2, 29-34
  6. Coutteau, P., K. Cure and P. Sorgeloos, 1990. Baker’s yeast as a potential substitute for live algae ín aquaculture diets: Arlemia as a case study. J. World Aquacult Soc., 21, 1-9 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.1990.tb00947.x
  7. Coutteau, P., N.H. Had1ey, J.J. Manzi and P. Sorgeloos, 1994. Effect of algal ration and substitution of algae by manipulated yeast diets on the growth of juvenile Mercenaria mercenara. Aquaculture, 120, 135-150 https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(94)90229-1
  8. Epifanio, C.E., 1979. Comparison of yeast and algal diets for bivalve molluscus. Aquaculture, 16, 187-192 https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(79)90106-6
  9. Hernandez, S.N.Y., S.D. Hemandez and J.L. Ochoa, 1992. Distribution of Sporobolomyces (Kluyver et van Niel) genus in the westem coast of Baja Califomia Sur, Mexico. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 15, 319-322 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0723-2020(11)80106-2
  10. Hossain，M.A., M. Fumichi and Y. Yone, 1989. Propagation, proximate and fatty acid compositions of rotifer Brachionus plicatilis fed on yeast cultured in sea water containing liquid from mackerel waste juice. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish., 55(1), 87-89 https://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.55.87
  11. Kim, H.Y., J.K. Kim, K.J. Park, J.H. Bae and S.B. Hur, 2005. Nutritional value of Candida utilis and larval flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. J. Fish. Sci. Technol., 8(4), 235-242 https://doi.org/10.5657/fas.2005.8.4.235
  12. Kitajima, C., T. Arakawa, F. Oowa, S. Fujita, O. Imada, T. Watanabe and Y. Yone, 1980. Dietary value for red sea brearn larvae of rotifer Brachionus plicatilis cultured with a new type of yeast. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish., 46(1), 43-46 https://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.46.43
  13. Laing, I. and C.G Verdugo, 1991. Nutritional value of spary-dried Tetrα5elmis suecica for juvenile bivalves. Aquaculture, 92, 207-218 https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(91)90022-Y
  14. Moon, J.H. and J.K. Kim, 1998. The disruption of yeast cell wall by chemical treatment. Kor. J. Life Sci., 8(2), 197-202
  15. Moon J.H., K.T. Tac and J.K. Kim, 1996. Development ofyeast strains as feeds for aquaculture: Possiblε yeast strains. Kor. J. Life Sci., 6(2), 135-14l
  16. Nell, J.A., 1985. Comparision of some single cell proteins in the diet of the Sydney rock oyster (Saccostrea commercialis). Prog. Fish.-Cult., 47, 110-113 https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1985)47<110:COSSCP>2.0.CO;2
  17. Nell, J.A. and W.A. O’connor, 1991. The evaluation offresh algae and stored algal concentrates as a food source for Sydey rock oyster Saccostrea commercials (Iredalε and Roughley) larvae. Aquaculture, 99, 277-284 https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(91)90248-6
  18. Nell, J.A., 1993. The development of oyster diets. Aust. J. Agric. Res., 44, 557-566 https://doi.org/10.1071/AR9930557
  19. Nell, J.A., J.A. Diemar and M.P. Heasman, 1996. Food value of live yeast and dry yeast-based diets fed to Sydney rock oyster Saccostrea commercialis spat. Aquaculture, 145, 235-243 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(96)01337-3
  20. Numaguchi, K. and J.A. Nell, 1991. Effects of gelatin-acacia microcapsule and algal meal supplementation of algal diet on growth rates of Sydney rock oyster Saccostrea commercialis (Iredale and Roughley) larvae. Aquaculture, 94, 65-78 https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(91)90129-U
  21. Schrehardt, A., 1987. Ultrastructure investigations of the filterfeeding apparatus and the alimentary canal of Artemia. (in) P. Sorgeloos, D.A. Bengtson, W. Decleir and E. Jaspers (eds.), Artemia Research and its Applications, Vol. 1, Universa Press, Wetteren, Belgium, pp. 33-52
  22. Southgate, P.c., A.C. Beer, P.F. Duncan and R. Tamburri, 1998. Assessment of nutritional value of three species of tropical microalgae, dried Tetraselmis and a yeast-based diet for larvae of the blacklip pearl oyster, Pinctada margarifitera (L.). Aquaculture, 162, 247-257 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(98)00163-X
  23. Southgate, P.C., P.S. Lεe and J.A. Nell, 1992. Preliminary assessment of a microencapsulatεd diet for larval culturε of the Sydney rock oyster Saccostrea commercialis (Iredale and Roughlεy). Aquaculture, 105, 345-352 https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(92)90098-6
  24. Urban, E.R. and G.D. Pruder, 1992. A method of economic comparisons for aquaculture diet development. Aquaculture, 99, 127-142 https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(91)90293-G
  25. Urban, Jr. E.R. and C.J. Langdon, 1984. Reduction in costs of diets for the American oyster, Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin), by the use of non-algal supplements. Aquaculture, 38, 277-29l https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(84)90333-8
  26. Watanabe, T., M.S. lzuquiεrdo, T. Takeuchi, S. Satoh and C. Kitajima, 1989. Comparision betwεen eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acids in terms of essεntial fatty acid efficiency in larval red sea bream. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish., 55(9), 1635-1640 https://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.55.1635