한국근대기 철도공장의 건축적 특성에 관한 연구 -용산공장을 중심으로-

A Study on the Rolling Stock Workshop to Analyze the Contribution to the Modern Korean Architecture

한국의 철도공장은 철도도입과 함께 설립되었고 근대기 산업건축의 중심이 되었다. 한국 철도공장의 대표적 사례인 용산공장에는 근대기 건물이 다수 현존하는데, 특히 규모를 잘 보존하고 있어 이를 중심으로 근대기 건물의 건축적 특성을 살펴보고자 한다. 한국의 철도공장은 입지조건이 적합한 곳에 건립되었고, 작업공정에 따른 시설 배치, 각각의 용도와 기능에 따른 독특한 구조 및 단면 입면의 형태를 갖고 있고 철골구조와 철근콘크리트 구조를 적극 도입하여 구조적 변환기로서의 특성을 보여주고 있다. 따라서 철도공장이 한국 근대 공장건축의 초기적 특성을 갖고 있고 한국 근대기의 산업건축유산으로써, 중요한 가치를 지닌 과제임을 밝히려 한다.

Korea's Rolling stock workshop were established with the introduction of a railway, and became the center of industrial construction in the modern age of Korea. There still exist a lot of Rolling stock workshop buildings in the Youngsan Rolling stock workshop, the representative case of Korean Rolling stock workshop, and especially the study aims to look into modern architectural properties centered on those well-preserved buildings. Korea's Rolling stock workshop were built considering the proper conditions of location such as the neighboring districts from the port to transport vehicles and materials, the place where railroad lines are centralized, the short returning distance of railroad cars for entry and departure, and had the facility layout according to the order of a working process of vehicles, and the unique structure and the section facade shape with proper functions and sizes according to each purpose. In particular, they actively adopted steel-frame structure and reinforced concrete structure, and came to have the initial characteristics of Korea's modern industrial building which is called the structural transition. Therefore, this study aims to highlight the importance of Rolling stock workshop including the Youngsan Rolling stock workshop as industrial architecture heritage in the modern age of Korea.