Physicochemical Properties and Antioxidant Activities of Maillard Reaction Products from Hydrolyzed Wheat Gluten

소맥 gluten 산가수분해물을 이용한 마이야르 반응물질의 이화학적 특성 및 항산화성

  • Published : 2009.04.30

Abstract

Maillard reaction products (MRPs) were produced from aqueous solution of various sugars with hydrolyzed wheat gluten (HWG) with different temperatures, pressures, pH values and solvents. The physicochemical properties of MRPs were investigated and DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and sensory properties were also assessed. MRPs from ribose and HWG evidenced the highest preference for meaty flavor and antioxidant activity and also evidenced higher antioxidant activity with larger pH reductions and higher browning index increases than were observed in other MRPs. The antioxidant activities were increased with increased reaction temperature and pressure. The most preferred meaty flavor was obtained from MRPs with ribose at 140$^{\circ}C$ in an oil bath with the pH adjusted to 9 in water as a solvent, and heated for 30 mins.

본 연구는 식물단백 가수분해물(HVP)인 소맥 gluten 산가수분해물과 환원당(glucose, fructose, ribose)을 기본 원료로 하여 여러가지 반응온도, 반응시간, pH, 반응용매 등 다양한 반응조건 model system 하에서 MRP를 제조하였다. 이와 더불어 이화학적 특성, 항산화 특성, 관능적 특성을 종합적으로 비교하여 meat flavor에 근접하는 적절한 반응조건을 찾고자 하였다. 반응온도와 압력, 시간 등 반응조건이 높아짐에 따라 갈변도와 항산화 활성효과는 증가하였으며 이러한 이화학적 특성과 항산화 활성을 고려하여 관능적 특성이 meat-like flavor에 근접하는 적당한 기질로 ribose/소맥 gluten 산가수분해물로 조합된 MRP를 선정하였다. R/HWG의 고기향 발현에 대한 관능평가 결과를 바탕으로 이에 대하여 반응시간을 세분화한 결과 mild한 고기 냄새와 달콤한 향을 가져 높은 기호성을 나타낸 최적의 반응조건으로 oil-bath에서 140$^{\circ}C$, 30분의 온도와 시간을 설정하였다. 선정된 기질과 반응온도를 고정해두고 반응액의 pH가 변화됨에 따른반응 생성물의 반응성과 향미변화를 관찰하였는데 pH가 높아질수록 갈변도와 항산화 효과 모두 증가하나 pH 11에서 탄내 등을 나타내 관능적 평가가 낮아져 pH 9로 조정하는 것이 가장 좋았으며 풍미가 상당히 개선되었다. 이에 대하여 반응성을 증가시키기 위해 반응용매로 증류수, 50% ethanol, 50% glycerol의 반응용매를 사용한 결과 증류수보다는 50% ethanol, 50% glycerol로 반응 시 DPPH radical 소거율과 hydroxy radical 소거활성이 더높았으며 50% glycerol을 사용한 경우가 가장 높은 효과를 보였다. 그러나 관능평가에서 50% ethanol 사용 시 간장냄새와 다른 이취가 높았고 50% glycerol은 고기 향에 근접하였으나 높은 강도로 인해 기호도가 높지 않았다. 본 연구에서는 최종적으로 ribose/소맥 gluten 산가수분해물 반응계를 이용하여 물을 반응용매로 하여 pH 9로 조절하여 140$^{\circ}C$, 30분 동안 반응시킨 것이 고기향에 근접한 향의 발현에 가장 좋은 조건으로 선정되었다.

Keywords

References

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