Effects of Saengjihwangeum-ja Extracts on the Expression of Inflammatory Response in Human Monocyte Cells Induced by Advanced Glycation End Product

생지황음자(生地黃飮子) 추출물이 단핵세포에서 당화종말산물로 유도된 염증반응에 미치는 효과

  • Lee, Kwang-Gyu (Department of Pathology, College of Oriental Medicine, Woosuk University) ;
  • Han, Ung (Department of Pathology, College of Oriental Medicine, Woosuk University) ;
  • Jeong, Han-Sol (Department of Pathology, College of Oriental Medicine, Woosuk University)
  • 이광규 (우석대학교 한의과대학 병리학교실) ;
  • 한웅 (우석대학교 한의과대학 병리학교실) ;
  • 정한솔 (우석대학교 한의과대학 병리학교실)
  • Published : 2009.12.25

Abstract

Saengjihwangeum-ja (SJHEJ) was recorded in DongEuiBoGam as being able to be used for treatment of Sogal whose concept had been applied to Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Modification of proteins by long term circulation of glucose leads to the formation of advanced glycation end product(AGE). Recent immunological studies demonstrated that ligation of AGE play an important role in the development of diabetic complications including atherosclerosis, which includes activation, adhesion, and migration of monocytes. Also, AGE and Maillard reaction product(MRP) could augment monocyte inflammatory responses via ligation of AGE receptor. In this study, the effects of SJHEJ extracts on the expression of inflammatory response-related genes such as tumor necrosis factor-$\alpha$, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, interferon-g-inducible protein-10, and cyclooxygenase-2 in the human monocyte cell line, THP-1 cells. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction revealed that SJHEJ had inhibitory effects on the expression of the TNF-a, MCP-1, IP-10, COX2, IL-1b genes in MRP-induced THP-1 cells. Treatment with SJHEJ had reduced reactive oxygen production in THP-1 cells stimulated by MRP. These inhibitory effects might be exerted via prevention of oxidative stress in activated monocytes. In addition, radical scavenging activity of SJHEJ was increased. These results suggest that SJHEJ has a beneficial effects for improve diabetic vascular complication.

Keywords

References

  1. 이준영, 김대중, 김재용, 김화영, 민경완, 백세현 외. 당뇨병 기초통계연구 TFT 심포지움 : 2005-2006년 당뇨병 기초통계 연구 TFT 중간 보고 ; DisMod를 이용한 우리나라 당뇨병 유병률의 추정. 대한 당뇨병학회, pp 224-226, 2006
  2. Bucala, R., Cerami, A., Vlassara, H. Advanced glycosylation end products in diabetic complications. Diabetes Rev 3: 258-268, 1995
  3. Bierhaus, A., Hofmann, M.A., Ziegler, R., Nawroth, P. AGEs and their interaction with AGE-receptors in vascular disease and diabetes mellitus. I. The AGE concept. Cardiovasc Res 37: 586-600, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6363(97)00233-2
  4. Sheetz, M.J., King, G.L. Molecular understanding of hyperglycemia's adverse effects for diabetic complications. JAMA 288: 2579-2588, 2002 https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.288.20.2579
  5. Ahemed, N., Thornalley, P.J. Advanced glycation endproduct: what is their relevance to diabetic complications?. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism 9: 233-245, 2007 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-1326.2006.00595.x
  6. 杜鎬京. 東醫腎系學, 서울, 동양의학연구원, pp 939-990, 1991
  7. 楊思樹, 張樹生, 傳景華 主編, 안세영 역. 동의임상내과학. 서울 법인문화사, pp 396-413, 1999
  8. 龔廷賢. 萬病回春. 臺北, 大中國圖書公私, pp 70-71, 1983
  9. 葛芳芳., 李紅淺, 徐蓉娟. 淺析 '內經' 中消渴之論述, 上海中醫藥雜誌, 41: 60-62, 2007
  10. 巢元方. 巢氏諸病源候論, 卷五, 消渴病諸候 消渴候, 臺中, 昭人出版社, p 161
  11. 孫思邈. 備急千金要方, 서울, 대성문화사, p 651, 1992
  12. 黃瑛. 淺議《外科正宗》對消渴脫疽的論治. 新中醫 37: 77-78, 2005
  13. 李杲. 東垣十種醫書, 서울, 대성문화사, pp 164-167, 1983
  14. 金禮蒙. 醫方類聚, 六券 , 서울, 醫聖堂, p 344, 1993
  15. 曹孝忠 외. 聖濟總錄. 신문풍출판공사, pp 504-520, 1994
  16. 劉河間. 傷寒 三六書. 서울, 성보사, pp 82-83, 1976
  17. 危亦林. 世醫得效方. 서울, 도서출판 금강출판사, pp 167-168, 1981
  18. 許 浚. 東醫寶鑑․雜病篇 卷六 消渴, 서울, 법인문화사, p 1405, 2007
  19. Mishell, B.B. and Shiingi, S.M. Selected methods in cellular immunology. Freeman and W. M. Co., San Francisco, p 16, 1980
  20. Mosmann, T. Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival application to proliferation and cytotoxic assays. J. Immunol. Methods 65: 55-63, 1983 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(83)90303-4
  21. Birch, D.E., Kolmodin, L., Laird, W.J., McKinney, N., Wong, J., Young, K.K.Y., Zangenberg, G.A., Zoccoli, M.A. Simplified Hot-Start PCR. Nature 381: 445-446, 1996 https://doi.org/10.1038/381445a0
  22. Blois, M.S. Antioxidant determination by the use a stable free radicals. Nature. 26: 1191-1204, 1958
  23. Diabetes Atlas: International Diabetes Federation, 2nd ed., Brussels, 2003
  24. Ruderman, N., Williamson, J.R., Brownlee, M. Glucose and diabetic vascular disease. FASEB J 6: 2905-2914, 1992 https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.6.11.1644256
  25. Pugliese, G., Tilton, R.G., Williamson, J.R. Glucose-induced metabolic imbalances in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular disease. Diabete Metab Rev 7: 35-59, 1991 https://doi.org/10.1002/dmr.5610070106
  26. Brownlee, M., Cerami, A., Vlassara, H. Advanced glycosylation end products in tissue and the biochemical basis of diabetic complications. N Engl J Med 318: 1315-1321, 1988 https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198805193182007
  27. Schmidt, A., Hori, O., Brett, J., Yan, S.D., Wautier, J.L., Stern, D. Cellular receptors for advanced glycation end products: implications for induction of oxidant stress and cellular dysfunction in the pathogenesis of vascular lesions. Arterioscler Thromb 14: 1521-1528, 1994 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.ATV.14.10.1521
  28. American Diabetes Association. Role of cardiovascular risk factors in prevention and treatment of macrovascular disease in diabetes. Diabetes Care. 12: 573-579, 1989 https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.12.8.573
  29. Geiss, L., Herman, W., Smith, P. Mortality in non-insulin dependent diabetes. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, pp 233-258, 1995
  30. M. Brownlee, Advanced protein glycosylation in diabetes and aging, Ann Rev Med 46: 223-234, 1995 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.med.46.1.223
  31. S.K. Grandhee and V.M. Monnier. Mechanism of formation of the Maillard protein cross-link pentosidine. Glucose, fructose, and ascorbate as pentosidine precursors, J Biol Chem 266: 11649-11653, 1991
  32. Rahbar, S. Hemoglobin H disease in two Iranian families, Clinica Chimica Acta 20: 381-385, 1968 https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-8981(68)90293-3
  33. Rahbar, S., Blumenfeld, O., Ranney, H.M. Studies of an unusual hemoglobin in patients with diabetes mellitus. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 36: 838-843, 1969 https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-291X(69)90685-8
  34. Bucala, R., Cerami, A., Vlassara, H. Advanced glycosylation end products in diabetic complications. Diabetes Rev 3: 258-268, 1995
  35. Brownlee, M. Biochemistry and molecular cell biology of diabetic complications. Nature 414: 813-820, 2001 https://doi.org/10.1038/414813a
  36. 대한병리학회. 병리학II. 제6판. Korea Seoul Komoonsa Medical Science, p 702, 2007
  37. Chappy, O., Dosquet, C., Wautier, M.P., Wautier, J.L. Advanced glycation end products, oxidant stress and vascular lesions. Eur J Clin Invest 27: 97-108, 1997 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2362.1997.710624.x
  38. Horiuchi, S., Sano, H., Higashi, T., Ikeda, K., Jinnouchi, Y., Nagai, R., et al. Extra- and intracellular localization of advanced glycation end-products in human atherosclerotic lesions, Nephrol Dial Transplant 11(5):81-86, 1996
  39. H. Vlassara, R. Bucala, L. Striker. Pathogenic effects of advanced glycosylation: biochemical, biologic, and clinical implications for diabetes and aging, Lab Invest 70: 138-151, 1994
  40. 金達鎬. 注解補注 黃帝內經 素問(上) 서울, 도서출판 의성당, p 974, 2001
  41. 葛芳芳, 李紅淺, 徐蓉娟. 淺析 '內經' 中消渴之論述, 上海中醫藥雜誌 41: 60-62, 2007
  42. 金達鎬. 注解補注 黃帝內經 靈樞, 서울, 醫聖堂, p 877, 2002
  43. 王燾. 外臺秘要, 卷十一, 消渴方一十七首, 서울, 대성문화사, p 339, 1992
  44. 楊士瀛. 仁齊直指, 卷十七, 消渴, 消渴方論. 서울, 여강출판사, (12) p (744)329, 1995
  45. 許浚. 東醫寶鑑 雜病篇 卷六 消渴. 서울, 법인문화사, p 1408, 2007
  46. 강석봉. 소갈의 전병증과 당뇨병의 만성합병증에 대한 비교 고찰, 대한한의학회지 36: 137-152, 1998
  47. Gu, L., Tseng, S.C., Rollins, B.J. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. Chem Immunol 72: 7-29, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1159/000058723
  48. Shanmugam, N., Reddy, M.A., Guha, M., Natarajan, R. High glucose-induced expressioin of proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine gene in monycytic cells. Diagetes 52: 1256-1264, 2003 https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.52.5.1256
  49. Shimada, A., Morimoto, S.A., Kodama, K., Suzuki, R., Oikawa, Y., Saruta, T., et al. Elevated serum IP-10 levels observed in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 24: 510-515, 2001 https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.24.3.510
  50. Inoue, H., Umesono, K., Nishimori, T., Hirata, T., Tanabe, T. Glucocorticoid-mediated suppression of the promotor activity of the cyclooxygenase-2 gene is modulated by expression of its receptor in vascular endothelial cells. Biochem Bioph Res Commun 254: 292-298, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1998.9939
  51. Tabatabaie, T., Vasquez-Weldon, A., Moore, D.R., Kotake, Y. Free Radicals and the Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes: beta-Cell Cytokine-Mediated Free Radical Generation Via Cyclooxygenase-2. Diabetes 52: 1994-1999, 2003 https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.52.8.1994
  52. Miquel, J., Quintanilha, A.T., Weber, H. Handbook of free radicals and antioxidants in biomedicine. CRC Press, 1: 223, 1989