The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy

The Korean Society of Physical Therapy (대한물리치료학회)
권호 표지

Reliability and Validity of Gait Assessment Tools for Elderly Person

노인의 보행에 대한 평가 도구의 신뢰도와 타당도 조사 연구

  • Published : 2009.03.25
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: The examine the Reliability and Validity of the modified Emory Functional Ambulation Profile (mEFAP), Tinetti. Gait (TG), Timed Up & Go Tes t (TUG), Comfortable Gait Speed (CGS), Berg Balance Scale (BBS) in assessing gait function and balance in elderly person. Methods: The 45 community-dwelling subjects were participated in this study. Reliability was determined by intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC$_{3,1}$), Bland and Altman method (Standard Error of Measurement (SEM), Smallest Real Difference (SRD)). Results: Validity was examined by correlation the mEFAP, TG, TUG, CGS, BBS. The intra-rater reliability were High (ICC$_{3,1}$ : mEFAP=0.95, TG=0.96, TUG=0.94, CGS=0.96, BBS=0.92) and Absolute reliability were excellent (SEM: mEFAP=1.90, TG=0.21, TUG=0.28 CGS=0.25, BBS=0.52), (SRD: mEFAP=5.26, TG=0.58, TUG=0.77, CGS=0.69, BBS=1.44). There were significant correlations between assessment tool (r=.0.58$\sim$0.78, p<0.01) indicating good validity. Our results provide strong evidence that the assessment tool has good reliability, validity for assessing elderly person undergoing rehabilitation. Conclusion: The gait assessment tool is a useful scale for measuring walking function and recovery in elderly person.

Keywords

References

  1. Iinattiniemi S, Jokelainen J, Luukinen H. Exercise and risk of injurious fall in home-dwelling elderly. Int J Circumpolar Health. 2008;67(2-3):235-44.
  2. Holt G, Smith R, Duncan K et al. Outcome after surgery for the treatment of hip fracture in the extremely elderly. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2008;90(9):1899-905. https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.G.00883
  3. Stretton CM, Latham NK, Carter KN et al. Determinants of physical health in frail older people: the importance of self-efficacy. Clin Rehabil. 2006;20(4):357-66. https://doi.org/10.1191/0269215506cr946oa
  4. Lim MR, Huang RC, Wu A et al. Evaluation of the elderly patient with an abnormal gait. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2007;15(2):107-17.
  5. Lee HS, Choi JH. Correlation Between BBS, FRT, STI, TUG, MBI, and Falling in Stroke Patients. J Kor Soc Phys Ther. 2008;20(4):1-6.
  6. Park H, Kim KJ, Komatsu T et al. Effect of combined exercise training on bone, body balance, and gait ability: a randomized controlled study in community-dwelling elderly women. J Bone Miner Metab. 2008;26(3):254-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00774-007-0819-z
  7. Schulz BW, Ashton-Miller JA, Alexander NB. The effects of age and step length on joint kinematics and kinetics of large out-and-back steps. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2008;23(5):609-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2008.01.006
  8. Moe-Nilssen R, Helbostad JL. Estimation of gait cycle characteristics by trunk accelerometry. J Biomech. 2004;37(1):121-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9290(03)00233-1
  9. Hurkmans HL, Bussmann JB, Benda E et al. Techniques for measuring weight bearing during standing and walking. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2003;18(7):576-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0268-0033(03)00116-5
  10. Pomeroy VM, Chambers SH, Giakas G et al. Reliability of measurement of tempo-spatial parameters of gait after stroke using GaitMat II. Clin Rehabil. 2004;18(2):222-7. https://doi.org/10.1191/0269215504cr725oa
  11. Mehrholz J, Wagner K, Rutte K et al. Predictive validity and responsiveness of the Functional Ambulation Category in hemiparetic patients after stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2007;88(10):1314-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2007.06.764
  12. Baer HR, Wolf SL. Modified Emory functional ambulation profile an outcome measure for the rehabilitation of poststroke gait dysfunction. Stroke. 2001;32(4):973-9. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.32.4.973
  13. An SH, Park CS, Lee HJ. Correlation between balance, walking test and functional performance in stroke patients : BBS, TUG, Fugl-Meyer, MAS-G, C.MGS, and MBI. J Kor Ac Phys Ther. 2007;14(3):64-71.
  14. Yang KH, An SH, Park CS et al. Validity and reliability of hemiplegic motor behavior test for stroke patients. J Ko So Occup Ther. 2007;15(2):55-65.
  15. Means KM. The obstacle course: a tool for the assessment of functional balance and mobility in the elderly. J Rehabil Res Dev. 1996;33(4):413-29.
  16. Liaw LJ, Hsieh, CL, Lo SK et al. Psychometric properties of the modified Emory functional ambulation profile in stroke patients. Clin Rehabil. 2006;20(5):429-37. https://doi.org/10.1191/0269215506cr950oa
  17. Wolf SL, Catlin PA, Gage K et al. Establishing the reliability and validity of measurements of walking time using the Emory Functional Ambulation Profile. Phys Ther. 1999;79(12):1122-33.
  18. Tinetti ME. Performance oriented assessment of mobility problems in elderly patients. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1986;34(2):119-26.
  19. Kegelmeyer DA, Kloos AD, Thomas KM et al. Reliability and validity of the Tinetti Mobility Test for individuals with Parkinson disease. Phys Ther. 2007;87(10):1369-78. https://doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20070007
  20. Behrman AL, Light KE, Miller GM. Sensitivity of the Tinetti Gait Assessment for detecting change in individuals with Parkinson's disease. Clin Rehabil. 2002;16(4):399-405. https://doi.org/10.1191/0269215502cr494oa
  21. Shore WS, deLateur BJ, Kuhlemeier KV et al. A comparison of gait assessment methods: Tinetti and GAITRite electronic walkway. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005;53(11):2044-5. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.00479_9.x
  22. Piper B, Templin TN, Brik TJ et al. Chronic venous disorders and injection drug use: impact on balance, gait, and walk speed. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2008;35(3):301-10. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.WON.0000319129.44725.d1
  23. Hunt SM, Mckenna SP, Williams J. Reliability of a population survey tool for measuring perceived health problems: a study of patients with osteoarthrosis. J Epidemiol Community Health. 1981;35(4):297-300. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.35.4.297
  24. Podisadlo D, Richardson S. The timed "Up & Go": a test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly persons. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1991;39(2):142-8.
  25. Morris S, Morris ME, Iansek R. Reliability of measurements obtained with Parkinson disease. Phys Ther. 2001;81(2):810-8.
  26. Bogl Thorbahn LD, Newton RA. Use of the Berg Balance Test to predict falls in elderly persons. Phys Ther. 1996;76(6):576-85.
  27. Bland JM, Altman DG. Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet. 1986;1(8476):307-10.
  28. Goldsmith CH, Boers M, Bombardier C et al. Criteria for clinically important changes in outcomes: Development, scoring and evaluation of rheumatoid arthritis patient and trial profiles. OMERACT Committee. J Rheumatol. 1993;20(3):561-5.
  29. Simondson JA, Goldie P, Greenwood KM. The mobility scale for acute stroke patients: concurrent validity. Clin Rehabil. 2003;17(5):558-64. https://doi.org/10.1191/0269215503cr650oa
  30. Richman J, Makrides L, Prince B. Research methodology and applied statistics. Part 3: measurement procedures in research. Physiotherapy. 1980;32:253-7.
  31. An SH, Lee HS, Cho BM et al. Application & correlation between functional performance measures in older people. International Journal of coaching Science. 2007;9(3):159-68.
  32. Shamay S, Christina W, Hui C. The timed up & go test: its reliability and association with lower-limb impairments and locomotor capacities in people with chronic stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005;86(8):1641-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2005.01.011
  33. Shumway-Cook A, Brauer G, Woollacott M. Predicting the probability for falls in community-dwelling older adults using the timed up & go test. Phys Ther. 2000;80(9):896-903.
  34. Thompson P, Beath T, Bell J et al. Test-retest reliability of the 10-metre fast walk test and 6-minute walk test in ambulatory school-aged children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2008;50(5):370-6. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.2008.02048.x
  35. Van Loo MA, Moseley AM, Bosman JM et al. Inter-rater reliability and concurrent validity of walking speed measurement after traumatic brain injury. Clin Rehabil. 2003;17(7):775-9. https://doi.org/10.1191/0269215503cr677oa
  36. Thorbahn LD, Newton RA. Use of the Berg balance test to predict falls in elderly persons. Phys Ther. 1996;76(6):576-83.
  37. Sahin F, Yilmaz F, Ozmaden A et al. Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Berg Balance Scale. J Geriatr Phys Ther. 2008;31(1):32-7. https://doi.org/10.1519/00139143-200831010-00006
  38. Liaw LJ, Hsieh CL, Lo SK et al. The relative and absolute reliability of two balance performance measures in chronic stroke patients. Disabil Rehabil. 2008;30(9):656-61. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638280701400698
  39. Steffen TM, Hacker TA, Mollinger L. Age and gender-related test performance in community dwelling elderly people: Six-minute walk test, Berg balance scale, timed up & go test, and gait speeds. Phys Ther. 2002;82(2):128-37.