Effect of Soil Salinity Variation on the Growth of Barley, Rye and Oat Seeded at the Newly Reclaimed Tidal Lands in Korea

신간척지토양의 공간적 토양염농도 변이가 보리, 호밀 및 귀리의 생육에 미치는 영향

  • 손용만 (한국농어촌공사 농어촌연구원) ;
  • 전건영 (한국농어촌공사 농어촌연구원) ;
  • 송재도 (한국농어촌공사 농어촌연구원) ;
  • 이재황 (한국농어촌공사 농어촌연구원) ;
  • 박무언 (한국농어촌공사 농어촌연구원)
  • Received : 2009.08.17
  • Accepted : 2009.11.01
  • Published : 2009.12.30

Abstract

Effect of soil salinity variation on the growth of barley, rye and oat was studied at the Hwaong, Iweon and Yeongsangang reclaimed lands in the western seaside of Korea. Soil salinity variation and soil EC were very high for crops to be killed or to be brought serious growth retardation during the growing season at the Iweon and Hwaong reclaimed lands, but fully low not to bring growth retardation at the Yeongsangang reclaimed land. Relation between soil salinity and crop growth and yield was well expressed as logarithmic function. Surface soil EC to reach at 50% of seed-emergence reduction was estimated $6.5dS\;m^{-1}$ for barley and $5.1dS\;m^{-1}$ for rye and oat by logarithmic function. In addition, surface soil EC to reach at 50% of grain yield reduction to the best growth in the experimental site was estimated $5.6dS\;m^{-1}$ for barley, $5.8dS\;m^{-1}$ for rye and $5.7dS\;m^{-1}$ for oat, while soil EC to reach at 50% of dry matter reduction was estimated $5.5dS\;m^{-1}$ for barley, $6.2dS\;m^{-1}$ for rye and $5.8dS\;m^{-1}$ for oat by logarithmic function. Grain yield of barley, rye and oat was 395, 164 and $325kg\;10a^{-1}$ in the Yeongsangang reclaimed lands naturally controlled below condition of $6dS\;m^{-1}$ of soil EC, but no harvest was obtained in the Hwaong and Iweon reclaimed land because of high salinity more than $15dS\;m^{-1}$ in maximum soil EC during growing period. Consequentially, it was concluded that soil salinity must be controlled below $6dS\;m^{-1}$ for good growth and high yield of winter barley, rye and oat in the reclaimed land in Korea.

간척조성지에서 녹비 사료작물의 연중 재배기술개발을 위하여 화옹간척지, 이원간척지 및 영산강간척지에 시험포장을 설치하여 하계 녹비 사료작물인 수단그라스, 세스바니아, 제주재래피의 후작으로 동계 녹비 사료작물인 보리, 호밀 및 귀리를 공시하여 시험재배하였다. 토양염농도와 공간변이성은 이원간척지와 화옹간척지가 시험작물의 고사나 생육저해를 유발할 정도로 매우 높은 반면에 영산강간척지는 작물의 생육저해를 유발하지 않을 정도로 매우 낮았다. 시험작물의 파종 후 출현개체수는 염농도의 증가에 따라 로그함수적으로 감소하여 최고 출현개체수의 50%로 감소하는 EC($dS\;m^{-1}$)가 보리 6.5, 호밀과 귀리 5.1로 추정되어 토양염농도가 평균 $6dS\;m^{-1}$을 초과할 경우 맥류의 출현이 크게 감소하였다. 시험작물의 수량은 염농도의 증가에 따라 로그함수적으로 감소하여 청예수량이 50% 이상 감수되는 염농도($dS\;m^{-1}$)는 보리 4.9, 호밀 6.2, 귀리 6.0으로 추정되고, 건물수량은 보리 5.5, 호밀 6.2, 귀리 5.8로 추정되며, 종실수량은 보리 5.6, 호밀 5.8, 귀리 5.7로 추정되어 동작 맥류재배를 위해서는 적어도 $6dS\;m^{-1}$ 이하로 염농도가 관리되어야 할 것으로 생각되었다. 이원과 화옹간척지는 염농도가 $10dS\;m^{-1}$ 이상으로 높아서 출현부진과 생육저해 및 고사가 많아서 수확이 불가능하였으나 영산강간척지는 염농도가 $6.17dS\; m^{-1}$ 이하로 유지되어 염에 의한 피해가 발생하지 않아서 청예수량($kg\;10a^{-1}$)은 호밀 1,479, 귀리 1,328, 보리 1,582이었고, 건물수량($kg \;10a^{-1}$)은 호밀 689, 귀리 683, 보리 701이었으며, 종실수량($kg \;10a^{-1}$)은 보리가 395, 호밀이 164, 귀리가 325를 얻었다.

Keywords

References

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