Effect on Fruit Quality of 2-Year Compost Application in a Conventionally Managed Pear Orchard

관행재배구의 유기질 비료의 시용이 배 과실 품질에 미치는 영향

  • Lee, Jae-An (Jangheung Gun Agricultural Technology Center, Jangheung Gun County) ;
  • Kim, Wol-Soo (Department of Horticulture, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Choi, Hyun-Sug (University of Arkansas, Department of Horticulture)
  • Published : 2009.06.30

Abstract

'Niitaka' (Pyrus pyriforia) has been the major cultivar of the Asian pear since the 1970s, and yielded about 70% of pear production in South Korea in 2002. When Chuseok (Korean Thanksgiving Day) is earlier than the fruit maturation period, farmers seek to advance the harvesting date to keep pace with the increase in consumer demand caused by the holiday. However, unripened fruit is of suboptimal marketable value because the flesh has a low soluble solid content, the fruit color is not attractive, and stone volume is high. Compost treatment can enhance soil microbial activity and affect soil chemistry, which may accelerate fruit maturation and allow an earlier harvesting date. Therefore, we examined the effect of 2 years of compost application on the fruit quality of Asian pear trees grown under conventional management conditions. The Hunter "L" and "a" values were higher in compost-treated fruit, which also showed greater sweetness and lower acidity than did conventional fruit. The stone volume was reduced and fruit calcium concentration was increased by compost treatment. Therefore, compost treatment may advance fruit harvesting owing to the increased marketability afforded by attractive skin color, sweetness, and reduced stone volume.

관행재배구의 유기질 비료의 시용이 배 과실 품질에 미치는 영향 1970년대부터 소비자의 선호도가 높은 신고 품종 재배가 급증하기 시작하였고, 2002년 현재 전체 배 재배면적의 70%를 차지하고 있다. 추석이 빠를 경우 성숙이 덜된 과일을 수확하여 시장에 출하함으로서 품질이 좋지 않은 과일로 인하여 소비가 둔화되고 가격이 떨어져 동양배를 재배하고 있는 농가의 수입을 감소시키는 요인으로 작용하고 있다. 따라서 본 실험은 미생물이 들어있는 유기질비료(compost)를 이용하여 추석에 조기 출하되는 신고배의 품질을 향상 시킬 수 있는 방법을 제시하고자 실시하였다. 2년 동안의 compost 처리가 과일에 미치는 영향은 색차계를 이용하여 측정한 결과 Hunter L값과 a값이 높은 경향을 보여 사람의 눈으로 보기에 더 익은 것처럼 보였고, 더 당도가 상승하고 산도가 낮아지는 경향을 보여 과실의 조기성숙이 이루어지고 있다고 판단하였다. 특히, 유기질 비료는 과실내 석세포 함량을 줄였고 칼슘함량을 높여서, 과실의 육질을 부드럽게 개선시킴으로써, 조기 출하되는 과실의 품질을 향상시킬 수 있는 방법으로 제안될 수 있다.

Keywords

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