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Quality Characteristic of Glasswort (Salicornia herbacea L.) Fermented by Bacillus subtilis

Bacillus subtilis를 이용하여 발효시킨 퉁퉁마디(Salicornia herbacea L.)의 품질 특성

  • 박인배 (전라남도해양바이오연구원) ;
  • 박정욱 (전라남도해양바이오연구원) ;
  • 이영재 (전라남도해양바이오연구원) ;
  • 신궁원 (전라남도해양바이오연구원) ;
  • 김해섭 (전라남도해양바이오연구원) ;
  • 조영철 (전라남도해양바이오연구원)
  • Published : 2009.07.31

Abstract

In this study, we investigated the quality of glasswort (Salicornia herbacea L.) fermented by Bacillus subtilis at $37^{\circ}C$ for 48 hours. We determined the changes in temperature, the contents of moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, carbohydrate, solid content, pH, Brix, salinity, free amino acid, Hunter's color value, electron donating ability (EDA) activities and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition. The contents of crude protein, crude fat, crude ash and carbohydrate after fermentation to mixing ratio of glasswort were $10.45{\sim}30.18%$, $11.69{\sim}19.26%$, $17.65{\sim}25.56%$ and $21.01{\sim}59.10%$ (dry basis), respectively. The solid content, pH, sugar and salinity of fermented glasswort were $39.56{\sim}52.25%$, $6.01{\sim}6.71$, $1.2{\sim}1.7$ Brix and $0.3{\sim}0.6%$, respectively. Total amino acid level of the fermented glasswort was $447.57{\sim}668.89\;mg$/100 g, and was the highest in glasswort mixed with rice bran at a ratio of 1 (w) : 1 (w). Moreover, aspartic acid, asparagine, glutamic acid, alanine, valine, $\beta$-aminoisobutyric acid, lysine and arginine were the main free amino acids. EDA activities and ACE inhibition after fermentation were $46.66{\pm}1.21{\sim}50.87{\pm}1.84%$ and $96.77{\pm}1.23{\sim}97.56{\pm}1.23%$, respectively.

본 연구에서는 퉁퉁마디를 주원료로 사용하고, 부원료로 미강 및 대두 혼합비에 따라 3개의 실험구, 즉 1:1:0(이하, 실험구 A), 2:1:1(이하, 실험구 B) 및 1:0:1(이하, 실험구 C)의 실험구로 하고 B. subtilis KCCM 12247을 접종하여, 멸균수를 가하여 수분을 조절하여 $37^{\circ}C$의 항온기에서 48시간 발효시켰으며, 발효 전후의 성분특성과 발효물의 품질특성을 분석하고 비교하였다. 발효 후의 수분, 조단백질, 조지방 및 조회분은 실험구 C가 각각 60.44%, 30.18%(건중량), 19.26% (건중량) 및 25.56%(건중량)로 가장 높았으며, 탄수화물은 실험구 A가 59.10%(건중량)로 가장 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 총 유리아미노산은 모든 실험구에서 발효 전보다 발효후에 증가하였는데, 실험구 A는 발효 전에 459.11 mg/100 g에서 발효 후에 668.89 mg/100 g으로 가장 높은 함량을 보였으며 다음으로 실험구 B가 각각 358.00 mg/100 g과 561.34 mg/100 g이었고, 실험구 C는 304.02 mg/100 g과 447.57 mg/100 g으로 나타났으며, 주요 유리아미노산으로는 aspartic acid, asparagine, glutamic acid, alanine, valine, $\beta$-aminoisobutyric acid, lysine 및 arginine 등이었다. 발효물의 색은 L값이 약 62, a값이 약 4.5, b값이 약 18로서 황갈색 계통이었다. 한편 적색도는 발효 전보다 발효 후에 모든 실험구에서 높아졌다. ACE 저해활성은 모든 실험구에서 발효 전($84.91{\pm}1.12{\sim}88.33{\pm}1.34%$)에 비해 발효 후($96.77{\pm}1.23{\sim}97.56{\pm}1.23%$)에 크게 증가하는 경향을 보였는데, 발효 후의 경우 실험구 C가 $97.56{\pm}1.23%$로 가장 높은 저해활성을 보였으며 다음으로 실험구 A($97.22{\pm}2.10%$)와 B($96.77{\pm}1.23%$)이었으나 실험구간의 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 전자공여능은 대체로 발효 전보다 발효 후에 약간 증가하는 경향을 보였으나, 큰 차이는 확인할 수 없었다. 하지만 실험구 C가 가장 높은 값으로 발효 전에 $49.54{\pm}1.77%$와 발효후에 $450.87{\pm}1.84%$로 나타났다.

Keywords

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