Microbiological Safety Assessment of a Perilla Leaf Postharvest Facility for Application of a Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) System

농산물우수관리제도(GAP system) 적용을 위한 깻잎의 수확 후 관리시설(APC)에 대한 미생물학적 안전성 평가

  • Kim, Kyeong-Yeol (Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 program), Graduate School, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Nam, Min-Ji (Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 program), Graduate School, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Lee, Hyo-Won (Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 program), Graduate School, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Shim, Won-Bo (Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Yoon, Yo-Han (Team for Radiation Food Science and Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, Se-Ri (Microbial Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Doo-Ho (Microbial Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Ryu, Jae-Gee (Microbial Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Hong, Moo-Ki (Microbial Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • You, Oh-Jong (Agromaterial Management Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Chung, Duck-Hwa (Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 program), Graduate School, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University)
  • 김경열 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부 (BK 21 program)) ;
  • 남민지 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부 (BK 21 program)) ;
  • 이효원 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부 (BK 21 program)) ;
  • 심원보 (경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원, 방사선식품생명공학연구실) ;
  • 윤요한 (한국원자력연구원 방사선과학연구소, 방사선식품생명공학연구실) ;
  • 김세리 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부) ;
  • 김두호 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부) ;
  • 류재기 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부) ;
  • 홍무기 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부) ;
  • 유오종 (농촌진흥청 농자재관리과) ;
  • 정덕화 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부 (BK 21 program))
  • Published : 2009.08.31

Abstract

This study identified risk factors of cross-contamination of foodborne pathogens and established a good agricultural practice (GAP) system for an agricultural products processing center (APC) for perilla leaves. All samples were collected before and after a standard work shift at the APC, while perilla leaves were also collected after each step in the APC. In addition, the workers and their surroundings were sampled by swabbing. The total plate count (TPC) and coliform count in the water samples increased significantly (p<0.05) to 3.36 and 1.73 log CFU/mL after work, respectively. However, no Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes were detected. The bacterial populations of the workers and their surroundings did not differ significantly (p${\geq}$0.05) before and after work. However, Staphylococcus aureus (<1.66 log CFU) was detected at a high rate (13-50%) in the basket, packing table, gloves and cloth. Although perilla leaves passed through the washing steps, the TPC and coliform bacterial populations on the final products were higher (p${\geq}$0.05) than those of unwashed perilla leaves, which indicates that the washing system was not functioning properly. Accordingly, a GAP system with a better washing system should be employed at this facility.

깻잎을 생산하는 APC 시설을 대상으로 GAP system을 도입하기 위해서 각 공정별 용수 및 세척수, 작업자 및 작업장 환경, 각 공정별 깻잎 그리고 공중낙하균을 대상으로 미생물학적 위해 분석을 실시하였다. E. coli, E. coli O157 그리고 L. monocytogenes를 제외한 위생지표세균(일반세균과 대장균군)과 병원성 미생물(B. cereus와 S. aureus)이 세척수, 작업자 장갑 및 작업복 그리고 포장대 등 대부분의 항목에서 비교적 높은 수준으로 검출되었다. 특히 직접적인 교차오염의 위험이 있는 세척수와 작업자 장갑의 경우, 일반세균수는 각각 0.91-3.36과 3.31-4.29 log CFU/ (mL, 100 $cm^2$), 대장균군은 0.00-1.86과 1.16-2.06 log CFU/(mL, 100 $cm^2$)의 비교적 높은 수준으로 검출되었다. 또한 입고된 원재료에서 포장공정에 이르기까지 깻잎에서 일반세균과 대장균군이 각각 4.82-5.93과 2.82-3.49 log CFU/leaf 수준으로 분리되어 유의적인 세척효과는 없는 것으로 나타나(p${\geq}$0.05) 식중독 사고를 방지하기 위해 더욱 향상된 세척공정이 절실히 요구된다. 이와 같이 현재 APC 시설은 미생물학적 안전성을 확보하기보다는 선별 및 저장의 기능에만 초점을 맞춰 운영되기 때문에 위생적인 개념이 포함된 새로운 개념의 관리체계가 필요한 실정이다. 따라서 신선하고 안전성이 확보된 깻잎을 생산 공급하기 위해 사전예방적 안전체제인 HACCP system을 기초로 한 GAP system을 제 시함으로써 미생물학적 위해요소 관리가 도입된 새로운 개념의 농식품의 안전관리제도를 제시하였다.

Keywords

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