목질계 바이오매스의 묽은 산 가수분해 공정에서 포도당 분해물 거동

Behaviors of Glucose Decomposition during Dilute-Acid Hydrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass

  • 정태수 (단국대학교 공학대학 응용화학공학과) ;
  • 오경근 (단국대학교 공학대학 응용화학공학과)
  • Jeong, Tae-Su (Department of Applied Chemical Engineering, Dankook University) ;
  • Oh, Kyeong-Keun (Department of Applied Chemical Engineering, Dankook University)
  • 발행 : 2009.06.29

초록

셀룰로오즈는 포도당 단위체가 $\beta$-1,4-glucoside결합을 이뤄 긴 사슬형태를 띈다. 또한 리그노셀룰오로직 물질에서의 셀룰로오즈 중 $50{\sim}90%$는 수소결합에 의해 결정형으로 존재하고 나머지 부분은 무정형으로 존재한다. 본 연구에서는 셀룰로오즈를 구성하는 포도당의 분해 생성물을 화인하기 위해 셀룰로오직 바이오매스 (유채대)와 1.5 g/l의 순수한 포도당을 반응온도 $164^{\circ}C$, 산 농도 0.77% (w/w) $H_2SO_4$, $0{\sim}20$ min동안 묽은 산 가수분해 시켜 분해물의 생성량 변화를 관찰하였다. 포도당을 묽은 산에 의해 분해시키면 탈수반응에 의해 1,6-anhydroglucose가 생성되며, 또한 포도당의 이성질체인 과당으로 전환되고 이 과당은 HMF와 포름산으로 전환된다. 또한 산 농도, 반응온도가 포도당 분해에 영향을 미치는 주요 변수임을 확인할 수 있었다. 그리고 분해생성물 중 하나인 HMF 1.308 g/l를 반응온도 $164^{\circ}C$, 산 농도 0.77% (w/w) $H_2SO_4$, $0{\sim}20$ min동안 산 가수분해 시켜 HMF와 HMF 분해물의 변화를 확인하였다.

During a dilute acid hydrolysis, degradation products are formed or liberated by pre-treatment of lignocelluloses depend on both the biomass and the pretreatment conditions such as temperature, time, pressure, pH, redox conditions, and addition of catalysts. In lignocellulosic biomass, sugars can be degraded to furfural which is formed from pentoses and 5-hydroxymethulfurfural (HMF) from hexoses. 5-HMF can be further degraded, forming levulinic acid and formic acid. Acetate is liberated from hemicellulose during hydrolysis. Some decomposed compounds hinder the subsequent bioconversion of the solubilized sugars into desired products, reducing conversion yields and rates during fermentation. In the present work, samples of rapeseed strawwere hydrolyzed to study the optimal pretreatment condition by assessing yields of sugars and decomposed products obtained under different reaction conditions ($H_2SO_4$ 0.5-1.25% (w/w), reaction time 0-20 min and temperature range 150-220 C). A careful analytical investigation of acid hydrolyzate of rapeseed straw has not yet been undertaken, and a well-closed mass balance for the hydrolyzate in general is necessary to verify the productivity and economic predictions for this process.

키워드

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