DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Anti-diabetic and Hypoglycemic Effect of Eleutherococcus spp.

오갈피나무 속(屬) 식물의 항당뇨 및 혈당강하 효과

  • Lim, Sang-Hyun (Gangwon Provincial Agricultural Research & Extention Services) ;
  • Park, Yu-Hwa (Gangwon Provincial Agricultural Research & Extention Services) ;
  • Kwon, Chang-Ju (Gangwon Provincial Agricultural Research & Extention Services) ;
  • Ham, Hun-Ju (Gangwon Provincial Agricultural Research & Extention Services) ;
  • Jeong, Haet-Nim (Ginseng & Medicinal Plants Experiment Station) ;
  • Kim, Kyung-Hee (Gangwon Provincial Agricultural Research & Extention Services) ;
  • Ahn, Young-Sup (Dept. of Herbal Crop Research, NIHHIS, RDA)
  • 임상현 (강원도 농업기술원 농산물이용시험장) ;
  • 박유화 (강원도 농업기술원 농산물이용시험장) ;
  • 권창주 (강원도 농업기술원 농산물이용시험장) ;
  • 함헌주 (강원도 농업기술원 농산물이용시험장) ;
  • 정햇님 (강원도 농업기술원 인삼약초시험장) ;
  • 김경희 (강원도 농업기술원 농산물이용시험장) ;
  • 안영섭 (국립원예특작과학원 인삼특작부)
  • Received : 2010.11.01
  • Accepted : 2010.12.10
  • Published : 2010.12.31

Abstract

Hypoglycemic effect through activity inhibition of $\alpha$-glucosidase and $\alpha$-amylase was evaluated using leaves of Eleutherococcus senticosu, Eleutherococcus gracilistylus, Eleutherococcus sieboldianus and Eleutherococcus sessiliflorus which belong to Acanthopanax sessiliflorus genus. As a result of measuring $\alpha$-glucosidase activity inhibition, extract of Eleutherococcus gracilistylus showed around 43.38% of activity inhibition compared with acarbose and extract of Eleutherococcus senticosu showed 41.24% inhibitory effect. As a result of measuring $\alpha$-amylase activity inhibition, acarbose showed 73.25% of activity inhibition in 10 mg/mL concentration, and the extract of Eleutherococcus senticosu leaves showed 91.90% higher activity inhibition compared with acarbose. Also, after subjects in a model were induced diabetes with streptozotocin (STZ) intake plant extract from Acanthopanax sessiliflorus for 2 weeks, effect of improving blood glucose level and fat was examined. In all groups with specimen, Eleutherococcus senticosu (T1), Eleutherococcus gracilistylus (T2), Eleutherococcus sieboldianus (T3) and Eleutherococcus sessiliflorus (T4), blood glucose level was significantly decreased compared with that in control group (C). In an experiment of examining changes in fat concentration in blood, total cholesterol content increased in a control group compared with a normal, while in T1, T3 and T4, it decreased significantly compared with the control group. As for HDL-cholesterol, it significantly increased in all diabetes induced groups compared with the normal group, and in T3, it increased the most significantly by 55.61% compared with the control group. In case of LDL-cholesterol, specific difference between the normal group and the control group was not found; however, significant increase was detected in T2 and T3, whereas in T1 and T4, it decreased significantly compared with the control group. As for triglyceride, its concentration increased in the control group like total cholesterol. It decreased 60.16% in T3, 60.80% in T4 and 50.16% in T1 compared with the control group. As a result of measuring the concentration of triglyceride in extracted liver, the control group showed significant increase compared with the normal group, whereas T1 and T2 showed significant decrease compared with the normal group. The above results show that extracts from Acanthopanax sessiliflorus genus are effective for hypoglycemic and improving fat metabolism due to diabetes.

오갈피나무 속의 가시오갈피(Eleutherococcus senticosu), 섬오갈피나무(Eleutherococcus gracilistylus), 오가나무(Eleutherococcus sieboldianus), 오갈피나무(Eleutherococcus sessiliflorus)의 잎 부위를 이용하여 $\alpha$-glucosidase와 $\alpha$-amylase 활성 저해 효과를 통한 혈당강하 효과를 평가 하였다. $\alpha$-Glucosidase 활성 저해 효과를 비교한 결과 섬오갈피 잎 추출물이 acarbose 대비 약 43.38%의 활성 저해 효과를 나타내었고, 가시오갈피 잎 추출물이 41.24%의 저해 효과를 보였다. $\alpha$-Amylase 활성 저해 효과를 측정한 결과 acarbose가 10 mg/mL의 농도에서 73.25%의 활성 저해 효과를 보였으며, 가시오갈피 잎 추출물이 acarbose 대비 91.90%의 높은 활성 저해 효과를 나타내었다. 또한 streptozotocin (STZ)으로 당뇨를 유도한 모델에 2주간 오갈피나무 속 식물 추출물을 섭취시킨 후 혈당과 지질 개선 효과를 탐색한 결과 STZ 투여로 인하여 모든 당뇨 유발군은 정상군에 비하여 혈당 수준이 유의적으로 증가하였다. 당뇨 유발 대조군(C)과 대비하여 시료 투여군인 가시오갈피(T1), 섬오갈피나무(T2), 오가나무(T3), 오갈피나무(T4)군 모두 혈당이 크게 감소하였다. 혈중 지질 농도 변화 실험 중 총 콜레스테롤의 함량은 정상군에 비하여 당뇨 유발 대조군은 증가하는 경향을 나타내는 반면 약물 투여군인 가시오갈피(T1), 오가나무 (T3), 오갈피나무(T4)군에서는 대조군에 비하여 유의적으로 감소하였다. HDL-cholesterol은 오가나무군에서 대조군에 비하여 55.61% 가장 크게 유의적으로 증가하였다. LDLcholesterol의 경우 정상군과 대조군과의 큰 차이가 관찰되지 않았으나 섬오갈피나무, 오가나무에서는 유의적으로 증가하였고, 가시오갈피와 오갈피나무 투여군에서는 대조군에 비하여 유의적으로 감소하였다. 혈중 중성지방의 경우 또한 총 콜레스테롤과 유사하게 대조군의 경우 혈중 농도가 증가하였다. 약물 투여군인 오가나무군은 60.16%, 오갈피군은 60.80%, 가시오갈피군은 50.16% 대조군 대비 유의적으로 감소하였다. 적출한 간 내의 중성지방의 농도를 측정한 결과 대조군의 경우 정상군에 비교하여 유의적인 증가를 보였으며, 가시오갈피군, 섬오갈피나무군은 각각 대조군 대비 유의적으로 감소하였다. 이상의 결과들에서 오갈피나무 속 추출물들은 혈당강하 및 당뇨대사 이상으로 인한 지질대사의 개선에 효과적인 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

References

  1. Ministry of Health and Welfare. 2005. The Third Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES Ⅲ). Korea. p 193-195.
  2. McGill M, Felton AM. 2007. New global recommendations: A multi-disciplinary approach to improving outcomes in diabetes. Primary Care Diabetes 1: 49-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcd.2006.07.004
  3. Zhang W, Xu YC, Guo FJ, Meng Y, Li ML. 2008. Anti-diabetic effects of cinnamaldehyde and berberine and their impacts on retinol-binding protein 4 expression in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Chin Med J 121: 2124-2128.
  4. Kim JL, Bae CR, Cha YS. 2010. Helianthus tuberosus extract has anti-diabetes effects in HIT-T15 cells. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 39: 31-35. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2010.39.1.031
  5. Won HJ, Lee HS, Kim JT, Hong CO, Koo YC, Lee KW. 2010. The anti-diabetic effects of Kocat-D1 on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Korean J Food Sci Technol 42: 204-209.
  6. Han HK, Je HS, Kim GH. 2010. Effects of Cirsium japonicum powder on plasma glucose and lipid level in streptozo tocin induced diabetic rats. Korean J Food Sci Technol 42: 343-349.
  7. Kim YJ, Park MS, Park HK, Kim S, Sung CK. 1996. Eleutheroside E content in Eleutherococcus spp. Korean J Med Crop Sci 4: 333-339.
  8. Kim SK, Kim YG, Lee MK, Han JS, Lee JH, Lee HY. 2000. Comparison of biological activity according to extracting solvents of four Acanthopanax root bark. Korean J Med Crop Sci 8: 21-28.
  9. Jwa CS, Yang YT, Koh JS. 2000. Changes in free sugars, organic acids, free amino acids and minerals by harvest time and parts of Acanthophnax Koreanum. J Korean Soc Agric Chem Biotechnal 43: 106-109.
  10. Lee SE, Son D, Yoon YP, Lee SY, Lee BJ, Lee S. 2006. Protective effects of the methanol extracts of Acanthopanax Koreanum against oxidative stress. Korean J Pharmacogn 37: 16-20.
  11. Yook CS, Lee DH, Seo YK, Ryu KS. 1977. Studies on the constituents in the stem, root bark of Acanthopanax sessiliglorus. Korean J Pharmacogn 8: 31-34.
  12. Ryoo HS, Park SY, Chang SY, Yook CS. 2003. Triterpene components from the leaves of Acanthopanax sessiliglorus Seem. Korean J Pharmacogn 34: 269-273.
  13. Yun YD, Choi CH, Baek JU, Kim HW, Youn DH, Kim KY, Nam KW, Kim GY, Jeong HW. 2007. Effects of Acanthopanacis cortex roots 50% ethyl alcohol extracts on the cerebral bemodynamics and cytokine production in cerebral ischemic rats. Korean J Oriental Physiology & Pathology 21: 891-897.
  14. Kim S, Kim KY, Park MS, Choi SY, Yun SJ. 1998. Intraspecific relationship of E. senticosus Max. by RAPD markers. Korean J Med Crop Sci 6: 165-169.
  15. Park JS, Oh CH, Koh HY, Choi DS. 2002. Anti-mutagenic effect of extract of Eleutherococcus senticosus Maxim. Korean J Food Sci Technol 34: 1110-1114.
  16. Park JH, Lee HS, Mun HC, Kim DH, Seong NS, Jung HG, Bang JK, Lee HY. 2004. Improvement of anti-cancer activation of ultra sonificated extracts from Acanthopanax senticosus Harms, Ephedra sinica Stapf, Rubus coreanus Miq. and Artemisia capillaris Thunb. Korean J Med Crop Sci 12: 273-278.
  17. Jin LH, Han SS, Choi YS. 2002. Anti-oxidant effects of the extracts of Acanthopanax senticosus. Kor J Pharmacogn 33: 359-363.
  18. Brekhman Ⅱ. 1960. A new medicinal plant of the family Araliceae the spiny Eleutherococcus. Izv Sibir Otdel Akad Nauk USSR 9: 113-120.
  19. Shin KH, Lee SH. 2002. The chemistry of secondary products from Acanthopanax species and their pharmacological activities. Natural Product Sciences 8: 111-126.
  20. Houghton PJ, Soumyanath A. 2006. $\alpha$-Amylase inhibitory activity of some Malaysian plants used to treat diabetes with particular reference to Phyllanthus amarus. J Ethnopharmacol 107: 449-455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2006.04.004
  21. Kim MJ, Kwon YS, Yu CY. 2005. Anti-oxidative compounds in extracts of Eleutherococcus senticosus Max.plantlets. Korean J Med Crop Sci 13: 194-198.
  22. Cho HE, Choi YJ, Cho EK. 2010. Antioxidant and nitrite scavenging activity and $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory effect of water extract from Schizandra chinensis Baillon. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 39: 481-486. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2010.39.4.481
  23. Niu HS, Liu IM, Cheng JT. 1997. Hypoglycemic effect of syringin from Eleutherococcus senticosus in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Planta Med 74: 109-113. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1034275
  24. Park JH, Baek MR, Lee BH, Yon GH, Ryu SY, Kim YS, Park SU, Hong KS. 2009. $\alpha$--Glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activity of compounds from roots extract of Pueraria thunbergiana. Korean J Med Crop Sci 17: 357- 362.
  25. Lee JM, Park JH, Park HR, Park E. 2010. Antioxidant and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity of Strychnos nuxvomica extracts. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 39: 1243- 1248. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2010.39.9.1243
  26. Sexton WL. 1994. Skeletal muscle vascular transport capacity in diabetic rat. Diabetes 43: 225-231. https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.43.2.225
  27. Yoon JA, Son YS. 2009. Effects of Opuntia ficus-indica complexes B (OCB) on blood glucose and lipid metabolism in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 22: 48-56.
  28. Smith EB. 1974. The relationship between plasma and tissue lipid in human atherosclerosis. Adv Lipid Res 11: 1-7.
  29. De Leo ME, Landriscina M, Palazzotti B, Borrello S, Galeotti T. 1997. Iron modulation of LPS-induced manganese superoxide dismutase gene expression in rat tissues. FEBS Lett 403: 131-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-5793(97)00034-3

Cited by

  1. Conditions for Obtaining Optimum Polyphenol Contents and Antioxidant Activities of Korean Berry and Green Tea Extracts vol.46, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.9721/KJFST.2014.46.4.410
  2. Biological Activities of Extracts from Gamma-irradiated Aralia elata Cortex vol.43, pp.8, 2014, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2014.43.8.1236
  3. Isolation and Identification of α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Compounds, Hyperoside, and Isoquercetin from Eleutherococcus senticosus Leaves vol.43, pp.12, 2014, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2014.43.12.1858
  4. Inhibition of α-Glucosidase by a Semi-Purified Ethyl Acetate Fraction from Submerged-Liquid Culture of Agaricus blazei Murill vol.21, pp.11, 2011, https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2011.21.11.1579
  5. Authentication of Traded Traditional Medicine Ogapi Based on Nuclear Ribosomal DNA Internal Transcribed Spacers and Chloroplast DNA Sequences vol.23, pp.6, 2015, https://doi.org/10.7783/KJMCS.2015.23.6.489
  6. Anti-oxidant activity of Phenolic Compound Isolated from the Fruits of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus Seeman vol.55, pp.4, 2012, https://doi.org/10.3839/jabc.2012.034
  7. The complete chloroplast genome ofEleutherococcus gracilistylus(W.W.Sm.) S.Y.Hu (Araliaceae) vol.27, pp.5, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3109/19401736.2015.1079884
  8. The comparisons of Lycii Radicis Cortex and Corni Fructus water extract effects on streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats vol.28, pp.6, 2013, https://doi.org/10.6116/kjh.2013.28.6.71