Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics

The Korean Pediatric Society (대한소아청소년과학회)
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Body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis in children below 7 years old

7세 미만의 소아에서 생체전기저항법에 의한 체성분 분석

  • Jung, Jiyoung (Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University, School of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Han Wool (Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University, School of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Tae Hyun (Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University, School of Medicine) ;
  • Hong, Young Mi (Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University, School of Medicine)
  • 정지영 (이화여자대학교 의학전문대학원 소아과학교실) ;
  • 김한울 (이화여자대학교 의학전문대학원 소아과학교실) ;
  • 김태현 (이화여자대학교 의학전문대학원 소아과학교실) ;
  • 홍영미 (이화여자대학교 의학전문대학원 소아과학교실)
  • Received : 2010.01.31
  • Accepted : 2010.03.02
  • Published : 2010.03.15
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Abstract

Purpose : Body composition is important to define and manage obesity and undernutrition. Obesity is a significant health problem with medical and psychological consequences for children and adolescents. Body composition analysis (BIA) is a simple, rapid, noninvasive, and reproducible technique. However, comparative analysis of body composition has not been done in young children below 7 years old. The aim of this study is to estimate antropometric data and body composition by BIA, and to investigate the correlation between anthropometric data and fat mass or fat percent in young children. Methods : We measured height, weight, body mass index (BMI), fat mass, and fat percent by BIA in 1,376 children aged 3-6 years of whom 688 were males and 688 were females. Results : Fat mass, fat percent, intracellular fluid, extracellular fluid, protein, and minerals were significantly higher in the obese group. A significant positive correlation exists between fat mass and BMI or weight. A significant positive linear correlation was also noted between fat percent and BMI. Protein, weight, fat mass, and fat percent were significantly different among groups. Conclusion : BIA is an objective, accurate method to estimate body fat in childhood obesity cases. Fat mass and fat percent data acquired by using BIA highly correlated with BMI. However, a large-scale study is needed to diagnose obesity in young children.

목 적 : 소아 비만은 체중을 감소시키려는 노력에 불구하고도 계속적으로 증가하는 추세이며, 6세 이전에 나타나는 경우가 1/3 이상을 차지한다. 생체 전기 저항법(BIA)은 장치가 간단하고 특별한 기술을 필요로 하지 않으며, 측정치가 객관적이고 정확하다는 장점이 있다. 그러나 7세 미만의 소아에서 BIA를 이용한 체성분 분석에 대한 자료가 없는 실정이다. 이에 저자들은 7세 미만의 정상 아동을 대상으로, BIA를 이용하여 체성분과 체지방량, 체지방율을 비교 분석하였고, 비만의 판정이나 추적 관찰에 있어서 BIA의 유용성을 알아보기 위해 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 3-6세 사이의 남자 688명, 여자 688명의 1,376명 소아를 대상으로 신장과 체중, 체질량지수(body mass index)를 구하였고, BIA를 이용하여 체성분 분석을 하였고, 체지방량, 체지방율과 신체 계측치와의 상과관계를 연구하였다. 결 과 : 체지방량, 체지방율, 세포내액, 세포외액, 단백질, 무기질이 비만군에서 정상군에 비해 유의하게 높았다. 체지방량과 체질량지수($R^2=0.69$, P <0.05), 체중($R^2=0.62$, P <0.05)과 상관성이 유의하게 높았다. 체지방율과 체질량지수($R^2=0.56$, P <0.05), 체중($R^2=0.19$, P <0.05)과도 상관성이 유의하게 높았다. 결 론 : BIA에 의한 체성분 분석은 소아 비만의 진단에 매우 유용한 진단 방법이라 생각된다. 그러나 아직 6세 이하의 어린 소아에서 국내 자료가 없으므로 광범위한 역학 조사가 필요하리라 생각한다.

Keywords

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