Microbiological Quality and Safety During Delivery of Food Ingredients Supplied to Elementary Schools : Vegetables and Processed Food

학교급식에 공급되는 식재료의 유통단계별 미생물 평가 -채소류, 가공식품-

  • Kim, Yun-Hwa (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daegu University) ;
  • Jun, So-Yun (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Ryu, Kyung (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Lee, Yeon-Kyung (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University)
  • 김윤화 (대구대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 전소윤 (경북대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 류경 (영남대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 이연경 (경북대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Received : 2010.05.04
  • Accepted : 2010.08.20
  • Published : 2010.10.30

Abstract

We evaluated changes in the microbiological quality and safety of food items (vegetables, seaweed, and processed food) supplied to elementary school food services to evaluate the distribution/delivery system. Pretreated vegetables, seaweed, and processed food were delivered to schools in refrigerated (${\leq}10^{\circ}C$) vans that made several delivery stops before arriving at the schools. During the distribution stage, total plate and coliforms counts were: bellflower roots $7.6{\times}10^5-6.7{\times}10^6$ and $5.8{\times}10^4-5.2{\times}10^5$ CFU/g; blanched bracken $4.5{\times}10^3-2.1{\times}10^5$, $5.0{\times}10^3-1{\times}10^4$ CFU/g; onion $1.2{\times}10^4-1.4{\times}10^4$, $5.0{\times}10$ CFU/g; soybean sprouts $9.6{\times}10^4-6.3{\times}10^7$ and $1.1{\times}10^3-1.2{\times}10^7$ CFU/g; soybean curd < $10-9.7{\times}10^5$ and < $10-2.3{\times}10^5$ CFU/g; and starch jelly < $10-3.8{\times}10^3$ and <10 CFU/g. Bacillus cereus < $10-4.1{\times}10^2$ CFU/g, Escherichia coli $1.0{\times}10-2.0{\times}10$ CFU/g, and Staphylococcus aureus $1.3{\times}10^2-4.1{\times}10^2$ CFU/g were detected on peeled bellflower, whereas B. cereus < $10-4.1{\times}10^2$ CFU/g, Listeria monocytogenes $1.0{\times}10-4.5{\times}10^2$ CFU/g, and S. aureus $1.8{\times}10^2-4.5{\times}10^2$ CFU/g, were detected on soybean sprouts. Most food items were double-wrapped in vinyl and placed in corrugated cardboard boxes prior to delivery, but the boxes, when placed in vans, were not segregated from other food items being delivered to schools and other destinations.

본 연구의 목적은 대구 경북지역 초등학교에 공급되는 전처리 채소와 가공식품의 유통단계를 분석하고, 유통과정에서의 미생물 변화와 학교급식에 이용되는 식재료의 미생물 품질을 평가하기 위하여 실시되었다. 유통 중 박피도라지에서 일반세균 $7.6{\times}10^5{\sim}6.7{\times}10^6$ CFU/g, 대장균군 $5.8{\times}10^4{\sim}5.2{\times}10^5$ CFU/g, E. coli < $10{\sim}2.0{\times}10$, S. aureus < $10{\sim}5.1{\times}10^2$ CFU/g, B. cereus < $10{\sim}4.1{\times}10^2$ CFU/g이 검출되었다. 전처리 양파에서는 일반세균 $1.4{\times}10^4$ CFU/g, 대장균군 $5.0{\times}10$ CFU/g이 검출되었고, 고사리 등의 데친나물에서 일반세균 $4.5{\times}10^3{\sim}2.1{\times}10^5$ CFU/g, 대장균군 $5.0{\times}10{\sim}3.1{\times}10^4$ CFU/g이 검출되었다. 콩나물에서는 일반세균 $9.6{\times}10^4{\sim}6.3{\times}10^7$ CFU/g, 대장균군 $1.1{\times}10^3{\sim}8.7{\times}10^6$ CFU/g, S. aureus < $10{\sim}4.5{\times}10^2$ CFU/g, B. cereus < $10{\sim}2.2{\times}10^2$ CFU/g, L. monocytogenes < $10{\sim}3.4{\times}10^2$ CFU/g이 검출되었다. 두부, 묵류에서는 일반세균 < $10{\sim}9.7{\times}10^5$ CFU/g, 대장균군 < $10{\sim}2.3{\times}10^5$ CFU/g이 검출되었고, 해조류에서는 $6.7{\times}10^2{\sim}9.5{\times}10^3$ CFU/g, 대장균군 < $10{\sim}2.2{\times}10^3$ CFU/g이 검출되었다. 학교급식 식재료는 냉동, 냉장, 상온보관 식재료가 혼재 되어 배송되고 있었고, 실제 유통단계에서 노상에 방치되거나 온도관리가 제대로 잘 되지 않는 경우도 있어 학교급식 식재료의 유통단계에서 철저한 위생관리가 이루어져야 할 것으로 조사되었다.

Keywords

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