Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
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Differences Between Analyzed and Estimated Sodium Contents of Food Composition Table or Food Exchange List

나트륨 실측치와 식품교환표 및 식품성분표를 이용한 추정치의 비교

  • Kwon, Yong-Ju (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University) ;
  • Rhee, Moo-Yong (Cardiovascular Center, Dongguk University International Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Jee-Young (Nutrition Policy Division, Korea Food & Drug Administration) ;
  • Kwon, Kwang-Il (Nutrition Policy Division, Korea Food & Drug Administration) ;
  • Kim, So-Jin (Nutrition Policy Division, Korea Food & Drug Administration) ;
  • Shin, Hee-Jun (Nutrition Policy Division, Korea Food & Drug Administration) ;
  • Park, Seong-Soo (Nutrition Policy Division, Korea Food & Drug Administration) ;
  • Lee, Eun-Ju (Nutrition Policy Division, Korea Food & Drug Administration) ;
  • Park, Hye-Kyung (Nutrition Policy Division, Korea Food & Drug Administration) ;
  • Park, Yong-Soon (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University)
  • 권용주 (한양대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 이무용 (동국대학병원 심장혈관센터) ;
  • 김지영 (식품의약품안전청 영양정책과) ;
  • 권광일 (식품의약품안전청 영양정책과) ;
  • 김소진 (식품의약품안전청 영양정책과) ;
  • 신희준 (식품의약품안전청 영양정책과) ;
  • 박성수 (식품의약품안전청 영양정책과) ;
  • 이은주 (식품의약품안전청 영양정책과) ;
  • 박혜경 (식품의약품안전청 영양정책과) ;
  • 박용순 (한양대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Published : 2010.04.30
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Abstract

Excessive intake of sodium is known as a risk factor for hypertension, and Korean adults consume sodium 3 times higher than Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the difference on sodium content between analyzed and estimated by food composition table and food exchange list. Seven days of low salt diet and seven days of high salt diet were prepared, and sodium contents were estimated by food composition table and food exchange list and measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Sodium contents of diet per day estimated by food exchange list significantly differed from analyzed content, but those estimated by food composition table were not. However, when absolute differences from analyzed content were compared by dishes in the low and high salt diet periods, there were significant differences among estimated sodium content by food composition table and food exchange list and analyzed sodium content. The discrepancy between those results was due to that absolute value was used to compare sodium contents of dishes but not to compare sodium contents of days. In addition, main dish, side dish, and soup were significantly different among estimated sodium content by food composition table and food exchange list and analyzed sodium content. Actual sodium contents of Jap-Chae Deop-Bap and Roasted chicken with oyster sauce differed to a great extent from estimated contents by food exchange list and food composition table. In conclusion, actual sodium contents of Korean dishes were significantly different from those estimated by food composition table and food exchange list, and thus these differences in salt content should be considered on planning of low-salt menu for hypertensive patients.

나트륨의 과잉섭취가 고혈압의 주요한 위험요인으로 알려져 있는데, 한국인의 성인 하루 평균 소금 섭취량은 영양 섭취기준보다 3배 이상 높다. 본 연구에서는 식품교환표를 이용하여 14일간의 식단을 작성하고 조리된 음식의 나트륨 함량을 실제로 측정한 후 식품교환표와 식품성분표에서 계산된 나트륨 추정치와 비교하여, 각각 방법의 정확성 및 문제점을 파악하고자 하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 아래와 같다. 하루 식단의 나트륨 함량에서 식품교환표로 계산한 추정치는 실측치와 유의한 차이가 났으나, 식품성분표는 실측치와 유사하였다. 음식별 절대값의 비교에서는 식품교환표로 계산한 나트륨 추정치와 식품성분표로 계산한 나트륨 추정치가 모두 실측치와 유의한 차이가 났다. 음식군별 절대값 비교에서는 양념류의 나트륨 함량이 많은 주요리, 부식, 국물요리에서 상당히 유의한 차이가 났으며, 식품교환표로 계산한 추정치, 식품성분표로 계산한 추정치, 실측치간의 차이가 큰 음식들이 모두 주요리, 부식, 국물요리였다. 이상의 결과에 따르면, 단순히 하루 식단의 나트륨 함량 비교에서 식품교환표에 비해 식품성분표의 나트륨 함량이 더 정확하다고 생각할 수 있지만, 음식별 또는 음식군별로 추정치와 실측치간의 차이를 절대값으로 비교한 결과, 식품교환표와 식품성분표의 나트륨 함량 모두 실측치와 차이가 컸다. 특히 나트륨 과잉 섭취의 주요 원인으로 보고되는 양념류의 차이로 장류, 김치 등의 사용이 많은 한국음식에서 식품교환표와 식품성분표를 이용한 추정치와 실측치의 차이가 컸다. 따라서 고혈압 및 신장질환 환자를 위한 저염식단작성시 식품교환표나 식품성분표를 사용할 때 실제 소금량과의 차이를 고려해야한다.

Keywords

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