Journal of Environmental Health Sciences (한국환경보건학회지)

Korean Society of Environmental Health (한국환경보건학회)
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Molecular/biochemical Biomarkers for Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in the Water Environment and their Application to Freshwater Fish

유해물질 노출로 인한 분자.생화학적 바이오마커와 담수 어류에 대한 현장 적용성

  • Kim, Jung-Kon (School of Public Health, Seoul National University) ;
  • Park, Ye-Na (School of Public Health, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Woo-Keun (Ecotoxicology Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology) ;
  • Kim, Ji-Won (Ecotoxicology Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology) ;
  • Lee, Sung-Kyu (Ecotoxicology Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology) ;
  • Choi, Kyung-Ho (School of Public Health, Seoul National University)
  • 김정곤 (서울대학교 보건대학원) ;
  • 박예나 (서울대학교 보건대학원) ;
  • 김우근 (안전성평가연구소 환경독성연구센터) ;
  • 김지원 (안전성평가연구소 환경독성연구센터) ;
  • 이성규 (안전성평가연구소 환경독성연구센터) ;
  • 최경호 (서울대학교 보건대학원)
  • Received : 2010.09.06
  • Accepted : 2010.10.25
  • Published : 2010.10.31
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Abstract

As concerns regarding water pollution grow, the need increases for a fast and accurate assessment of ecological risk. In this context, many studies have been conducted to identify biomarkers which can sensitively indicate exposure to and effects of various contaminants in a water environment. However, the utility of most such biomarkers in the real water environment is not yet validated. In this paper, we conducted a thorough review of publications that were related to developing or evaluating molecular and biochemical biomarkers of freshwater fish in ecological risk assessment, and evaluated whether these biomarkers of interest could link to the effects on higher biological levels, such as histopathology and above. Biomarkers of interest included those associated with metabolism, oxidative stress, reproduction and endocrine disruption, genotoxicity, and defense against heavy metal exposure. We found that, when used alone, most molecular and biochemical biomarkers are not sufficient to understand the effects of toxic substances in higher biological levels, due to defense or acclimation mechanisms of organisms. Moreover, some biomarkers respond not only to hazardous substances but also to the changes in water quality and disease outbreak. Molecular and biochemical biomarkers may be most useful in understanding the potential biological effects of toxic compounds when used in parallel with relevant endpoints of higher biological levels.

Keywords

References

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