Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters (한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터)

Korean Institute of Information Scientists and Engineers (한국정보과학회)
권호 표지

Enhancement Techniques for GPU-Based Rendering of Participating Media

GPU 기반 반투과 매체 렌더링의 향상 기법

  • 차득현 (서강대학교 컴퓨터공학과) ;
  • 이용일 (서강대학교 컴퓨터공학과) ;
  • 임인성 (서강대학교 컴퓨터공학과)
  • Received : 2010.09.09
  • Accepted : 2010.10.13
  • Published : 2010.12.15
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In order to realistically visualize such participating media as cloud, smoke, and gas, the light transport process must be physically simulated inside the media. While it is known that this process is well described physically through the volume rendering equation, it usually takes a great deal of computation time for obtaining high-precision solutions. Recently, GPU-based, fast rendering methods have been proposed for the realistic simulation of participating media, however, there still remain several problems to be resolved. In this article, we describe our rendering techniques applied to enhance the performances and features of our GPU-assisted participating media renderer, and analyze how such efforts have actually improved the renderer. The presented techniques will be effectively used in volume renderers for creating various digital contents in the special effects industries.

구름, 연기, 가스 등과 같은 반투과 매체 (participating media)를 사실적으로 가시화해주기 위해서는 그 내부에서 빛이 진행하는 과정을 물리적으로 시뮬레이션 해주어야 한다. 이 과정은 볼륨 렌더링 방정식이라는 적분 방정식을 통하여 표현할 수 있으나, 이를 정밀하게 푸는 것은 상당한 계산 시간을 요한다. 최근 GPU의 성능 향상에 힘입어, 반투과 매체에 대한 고속의 렌더링 기법들이 소개되고 있으나, 아직도 해결해야할 문제들이 많이 남아있다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 GPU 기반의 반투과 매체 렌더러의 기능/성능 향상을 위하여 적용한 렌더링 기법들을 설명하고, 그러한 노력들이 어떠한 개선 효과를 달성하였는지 분석한다. 이러한 기법들은 추후 각종 디지털콘텐츠 제작에 있어 특수 효과 생성을 위한 고속의 사실적인 볼륨 렌더러 구축에 유용하게 적용될 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. J. T. Kajiya and B. P. Herzen, "Ray tracing volume densities," In Proc. of ACM SIGGRAPH'84, pp.165-174, 1984.
  2. OpenGL, OpenGL Shading Language, http://www.opengl.org/documentation/glsl/, 2009.
  3. NVIDIA, Cg Toolkit User's Manual, 2009.
  4. NVIDIA, CUDA Programming Guide 2.3 Manual, 2009.
  5. K. Zhou, Z. Ren, S. Lin, H. Bao, B. Guo and H. Shum, "Real-time smoke rendering using compensated ray marching," In Proc. of ACM SIGGRAPH' 08, pp.1-12, 2008.
  6. H. W. Jensen, Realistic Image Synthesis Using Photon Mapping, A. K. Peters, Ltd, 2001.
  7. T. Purcell, C. Donner, M. Cammarano, H. W. Jensen, and P. Hanrahan, "Photon mapping on programmable graphics hardware," ACM SIGGRAPH/ EUROGRAPHICS Conference on Graphics Hardware, pp.41-50, 2003.
  8. H. W. Jensen and P. H. Christensen, "Efficient simulation of light transport in scenes with participating media using photon maps," In Proc. of ACM SIGGRAPH'98, pp.311-320, 1998.
  9. S. M. Rubin and T. Whitted, "A 3-dimensional representation for fast rendering of complex scenes," In Proc. of SIGGRAPH'80, pp.110-116, 1980.
  10. A. S. Glassner, "Space subdivision for fast ray tracing," pp.160-167, 1988.
  11. A. Fujimoto, T. Tanaka, and K. Iwata, "Arts: Accelerated ray-tracing system," Computer Graphics and Applications, vol.6, no.4, pp.16-26, 1986.
  12. V. Havran, Heuristic ray shooting algorithms, Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, 2000.
  13. T. Foley and J. Sugerman, "Kd-tree acceleration structures for a gpu raytracer," In Proc. of HWWS'05, pp.15-22, 2005.
  14. D. R. Horn, J. Sugerman, M. Houston, and P. Hanrahan, "Interactive k-d tree gpu raytracing," In Proc. of I3D'07, pp.167-174, 2007.
  15. S. Son, GPU-Assisted Acceleration Techniques for Photon-Mapping Based Volume Rendering, Master's thesis, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sogang University, 2008.
  16. D. Cha, S. Son, and I. Ihm, "GPU-assisted high quality particle rendering," Computer Graphics Forum (Eurographics Symposium on Rendering 2009), vol.28, no.4, 2009.
  17. B. Kang, I. Ihm, and C. Bajaj, "Extending the photon mapping method for realistic rendering of hot gaseous fluids: Natural phenomena and special effects," Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds, vol.16, no.3,4, pp.353-363, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1002/cav.94
  18. M. Meyer and J. Anderson, "Statistical acceleration for animated global illumination," ACM Transactions on Graphics(ACM SIGGRAPH 2006), vol.25, no.3, pp.1075-1080, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1145/1141911.1141996
  19. I. Wald and V. Havran, "On building fast kd-trees for ray tracing, and on doing that in O(N log N)," In Proc. of the 2006 IEEE Symposium on Interactive Ray Tracing, pp.61-69, 2006.
  20. K. Zhou, Q. Hou, R. Wang and B. Guo, "Real-time KD-tree construction on graphics hardware," ACM Transactions on Graphics(ACM SIGGRAPH ASIA 2008), vol.27, no.5, pp.1-11, 2008.