Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain

Korean Academy of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine (대한안면통증구강내과학회)
권호 표지

A Study for Direct Application of Drug on Oral Mucosa

구강점막에서 약물의 직접적용을 위한 연구

  • Jeong, Sung-Hee (Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University) ;
  • Ok, Soo-Min (Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University) ;
  • Huh, Joon-Young (Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University) ;
  • Ko, Myung-Yun (Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University) ;
  • Ahn, Yong-Woo (Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University)
  • 정성희 (부산대학교 치의학전문대학원 구강내과학 교실) ;
  • 옥수민 (부산대학교 치의학전문대학원 구강내과학 교실) ;
  • 허준영 (부산대학교 치의학전문대학원 구강내과학 교실) ;
  • 고명연 (부산대학교 치의학전문대학원 구강내과학 교실) ;
  • 안용우 (부산대학교 치의학전문대학원 구강내과학 교실)
  • Received : 2010.10.30
  • Accepted : 2010.11.25
  • Published : 2010.12.30
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Abstract

A common method for treating oral mucosal diseases is taking medication by oral administration. The oral administration is the method of least resistance. Because large part of drugs is degraded by liver, it is necessary to take more drugs getting to appropriate level in blood stream. And there are so many side effects when patients take drugs by oral administration. In so many cases, the patients who suffer from oral mucosal problems have the other general diseases simultaneously. Willingly or not, some patients can't take the medicine by oral administration. Number of topical drugs for oral mucosal disease is less than that for skin diseases because the environment of oral mucosa prevents activity of medicine. In this paper, research on effects of topical type medication for treating oral mucosal diseases is conducted through investigating currently used medications and their effects. In addition, effects of dissolved oral medications with appropriate solvent are demonstrated if this medication is useful for patients clinically.

일반적으로 약물은 경구투여를 우선으로 한다. 그것은 환자에게 투여하기가 가장 쉬운 방법이기 때문이다. 하지만 경구투여를 하는 경우 인체에서 약물이 분해 및 흡수되면서 거치는 과정 중에 상당수가 없어지고 약효를 발휘하는 부분은 그다지 많지 않다. 그러다 보니 적절한 혈중 농도를 유지하기 위하여 실제 필요한 약물의 양보다 많은 양을 투여하게 되므로, 부수적으로 따라다니는 약의 부작용 또한 증가하게 된다. 피부질환의 경우에는 약물의 흡수를 돕도록 하는 많은 첨가물과 함께 개발된 외용제가 있다. 대부분 크림형태로 시판되고 있으며 약효를 내는 용량을 피부에 도포하였을 때 전신으로 흡수되는 양은 많지 않아 부작용이 적은 것이 장점이다. 구강점막은 자연적인 barrier가 많은 피부와 달리 혈관까지 도달하는 길이가 짧고, 도포가 어려운 장점막과 달리 접근성이 용이하다. 따라서 도포용 약물의 개발이 많이 시도되고 있으나 타액에 의해 많은 부분이 세척되어 없어지거나 타액속의 물질들로 인하여 변질이 일어나고 있어 피부와 같은 크림형 제제의 개발이 어려운 실정이다. 따라서 현재 판매되고 있는 구강내 외용제는 그 수가 매우 제한되어 있다. 도포용 약물을 개발하여 오래 구강점막에 부착하게 하는 것이 용이하지 않으므로 임상가들이 약물을 용액 형태로 사용하여 환자에게 도포하고 있다. 이러한 용액을 머금고 있다가 뱉어내게 하는 가글형태의 약물도포 또한 그 약효가 인정되고 있다. 따라서 현재 임상에서 도포형태로 사용하고 있는 약물의 종류와 효과, 그리고 일반적인 경구투여 약물을 적절한 용해제를 선택하여 용액으로 사용하였을 때 임상적으로 기대할 만한 약효를 발휘할 수 있을지에 대하여 연구해 본다.

Keywords

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