Diel Pattern of Littoral Swarming in Moina macrocopa and Impact of Juvenile Fish Density

  • Jeong, Hyun-Gi (Nakdong River Environmental Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • La, Geung-Hwan (Department of Environmental Education, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Kim, Hyun-Woo (Department of Environmental Education, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Jang, Min-Ho (Department of Biology Education, Kongju National University) ;
  • Jeong, Kwang-Seuk (Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University) ;
  • Yoon, Ju-Duk (Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University) ;
  • Joo, Gea-Jae (Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University)
  • Received : 2010.11.15
  • Accepted : 2010.12.14
  • Published : 2010.12.31

Abstract

The diel swarming of Moina macrocopa and the relationship between environmental factors were evaluated in a shallow reservoir. The littoral density of Moina macrocopa maintained low from night to noon, reached maximum density at the afternoon with compact swarms at the waters' edge, and dispersed after sunset. The recruitment of Moina macrocopa and changes of water temperature (r=0.709, p<0.001) and juvenile fish density (r=0.511, p=0.002) in the littoral zone showed a significant positive relationships. After the induction of diel horizontal migration toward littoral zone, therefore, direct juvenile fish predation pressure should be induced Moina macrocopa swarming.

Keywords

References

  1. Allen, W.E. 1920. Behaviour of loon and sarcodines. Ecology 1: 309-310. https://doi.org/10.2307/1929565
  2. Burks, R.L., E. Jeppesen and D.M. Lodge. 2001. Littoral zone structures as refugia for Daphnia against fish predation. Limnology and Oceanography 46: 230-237. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2001.46.2.0230
  3. Cho, G.I., M.H. Jang, S.B. Park, K.S. Jeong and G.J. Joo. 2003. Fish fauna and the exotic species Micro-pterus salmoides in the flood plain wetlands (Woopo and Junam) of the Nakdong River in S. Korea. Ecohydrology and Hydrobiology 3: 363-369.
  4. Colebrook, J.M. 1960. Some observations of zooplank-ton swarms in Windermere. Journal of Animal Ecology 29: 241-242. https://doi.org/10.2307/2201
  5. D'Abramo, L.R. 1980. Ingestion rate decrease as the stimulus for sexuality in populations of Moina macrocopa. Limnology and Oceanography 25: 422-429. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1980.25.3.0422
  6. De Meester, L. 1994. Life histories and habitat selection in Daphnia: Divergent life histories of D. magna clones differing in phototactic behaviour. Oecologia 97: 333-341.
  7. De Meester, L. and C. Cousyn. 1997. The change in phototactic behaviour of a Daphnia magna clone in the presence of fish kairomones: The effect of exposure time. Hydrobiologia 360: 169-175. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1003119827390
  8. Emery, A.R. 1973. Preliminary comparisons of day and night habits of freshwater fish in Ontario lakes. Fisheries Research Board Canada 30: 761-774. https://doi.org/10.1139/f73-131
  9. Engels, S. 1988. The role and interactions of submerged macrophytes in a shallow Wisconsin lake. Journal of Freshwater Ecology 4: 329-240. https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.1988.9665182
  10. Gliwicz, M. 1986. Predation and the evolution of vertical migration in zooplankton. Nature 320: 746-748. https://doi.org/10.1038/320746a0
  11. Haney, J.F. and D.J. Hall. 1972. Sugar-coated Daphnia: A preservation technique for cladocera. Limnology and Oceanography 17: 331-333.
  12. Jacobsen, L., M.R. Perrow, F. Landkildehus, M. Hjorne, T.L. Lauridsen and S. Bergs. 1997. Interactions between piscivores, zooplanktivores and zooplankton in submerged macrophytes: preliminary observations from enclosure and pond experiments. Hydrobiologia 342/343: 197-205.
  13. Jakobsen, P.J. and G.H. Johnsen. 1988. The influence of food limitation on swarming behaviour in the waterfiea Bosmina longispina. Animal Behaviour 36: 991-995. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-3472(88)80058-7
  14. Jennings, T. and S.M. Evans. 1980. Influence of position in the flock and flock size on vigilance in the starling, Sturnus vulgaris. Animal Behaviour 28: 634-635. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-3472(80)80071-6
  15. Jeppesen, E., J.P. Jensen, M. Sondergaard, T. Lauridsen, L.J. Pedersen and L. Jensen. 1997. Top-down control in freshwater lakes: the role of nutrient state, submerged macrophytes and water depth. Hydrobiologia 342/343: 151-164.
  16. Kerfoot, W.C. and A. Sih. 1987. Predation: direct and indirect impacts on aquatic communities. University Press of New England, Hanover and London.
  17. Lampert, W. 1993. Ultimate causes of diel vertical migration of zooplankton: new evidence for the predator-avoidance hypothesis. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie 39: 79-88.
  18. Loose, C.J. 1993. Daphnia vertical migration behavior: Response to vertebrate predator abundance. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie 39: 29-36.
  19. Mehner, T., S. Hulsmann, S. Worischka, M. Plewa and J. Benndorf. 1998. Is the midsummer decline of Daphnia really induced by age-0 fish predation? Comparison offish consumption and Daphnia mortality and life history parameters in a biomanipulated reservoir. Journal of Plankton Research 20:1797-1811. https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/20.9.1797
  20. Neill, S.R.St.J. and J.M. Cullen. 1974. Experiments on whether schooling by their prey affects the hunting behaviour of cephalopods and fish predators. Journal of Zoology 172: 549-569.
  21. Ratzlaff, W. 1974. Swarming in Moina affinis. Limnology and Oceanography 19: 993-995. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1974.19.6.0993
  22. Ringelberg, J., B.J.G. Flick, D. Lindenaar and K. Ro-yakers. 1991. Diel vertical migration of Daphnia hyalina (sensu latiori) in lake Maarsseveen: 1. Aspects of seasonal and daily timing. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie 121: 129-145.
  23. Steinman, A.D., R.H. Meeker, A.J. Rodusky, W.P. Davis and S.J. Hwang. 1997. Ecological properties of charophytes in a large subtropical lake. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 16: 781-793. https://doi.org/10.2307/1468171
  24. Timms, R.M. and B. Moss. 1984. Prevention of growth of potentially dense phytoplankton populations by zooplankton grazing in the presence of zooplankti-vorous fish in a shallow wetland ecosystem. Limnology and Oceanography 29: 472-486. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1984.29.3.0472
  25. Young, J.P.W. 1978. Sexual swarms in Daphnia magna, a cyclic parthenogen. Freshwater Biology 8: 279-281. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.1978.tb01448.x