한국시뮬레이션학회논문지 (Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation)

한국시뮬레이션학회 (The Korea Society for Simulation)
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무선 센서 네트워크에서 링크 상태 및 트래픽 분산 정보를 이용한 효과적인 라우팅 방법

An Efficient Routing Scheme based on Link Quality and Load Balancing for Wireless Sensor Networks

  • 김선명 (금오공과대학교 컴퓨터공학부) ;
  • 양연모 (금오공과대학교 전자공학부)
  • 투고 : 2010.04.22
  • 심사 : 2010.10.04
  • 발행 : 2010.12.31
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초록

ZigBee는 WPAN(Wireless Personal Area Networks)을 위해 IEEE 802.15.4 표준에 근거하여 저비용, 저전력 소모를 위해 만들어진 표준이다. ZigBee 표준에서 라우팅을 위해 AODV(Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector)와 트리 라우팅(Tree Routing) 두 가지 방법이 제시되었다. 트리 라우팅은 IEEE 802.15.4 MAC 계층의 토폴로지 형성 과정 동안에 만들어진 부모-자식 관계에 근거하여 센서 노드로부터 싱크 노드(Sink node)로 데이터를 전송한다. 이 방법에서 새로운 노드가 네트워크에 가입하기 위해 RSSI(Received signal strength indicator) 신호가 가장 강한 노드를 부모 노드로 선택한다. 그러므로 트래픽 분산이 이루어지지 않아 일부 노드는 많은 트래픽 양을 전달하게 되고 에너지는 빠르게 고갈된다. 본 논문에서는 트래픽 분산을 위해 링크 품질과 트래픽 양 정보를 이용하는 새로운 메트릭(Metric)을 제시한다. 제안되는 방법은 RSSI 신호 세기를 사용하는 대신에 새롭게 제안된 메트릭을 사용하여 부모 노드를 선택하여 네트워크에 가입한다. TinyOS TOSSIM(TinyOS mote SIMulator) 환경에서 시험을 통하여 제안한 방법이 기존 트리 라우팅 방법에 비해 우수한 성능을 가짐을 알 수 있다.

ZigBee is a standard for wireless personal area networks(WPANs) based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. It has been developed for low cost and low power consumption. There are two alternative routing schemes that have been proposed for the ZigBee standard: Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector(AODV) and tree routing. The tree routing forwards packets from sensors to a sink node based on the parent-child relationships established by the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC topology formation procedure. In order to join the network, a sensor node chooses an existing node with the strongest RSSI(Received signal strength indicator) signal as a parent node. Therefore, some nodes carry a large amount of traffic load and exhaust their energy rapidly. To overcome this problem, we introduce a new metric based on link quality and traffic load for load balancing. Instead of the strength of RSSI, the proposed scheme uses the new metric to choose a parent node during the topology formation procedure. Extensive simulation results using TOSSIM(TinyOS mote SIMulator) show that the CFR scheme outperforms well in comparison to the conventional tree routing scheme.

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참고문헌

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