Effects of Green Manure and Carbonized Rice Husk on Soil Properties and Rice Growth

녹비작물 혼파 이용 벼 재배 시 왕겨숯 처리가 벼 생육 및 토양 특성에 미치는 영향

  • Received : 2010.08.07
  • Accepted : 2010.08.12
  • Published : 2010.08.31

Abstract

The cultivation of green manure crops plays an important role in soil quality and sustainability of agricultural system. However, the incorporation of green manure crops may be of concern because it can lead to strongly reducing conditions in the submerged soil. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of rice husk carbon on rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation using green manure mixtures (hairy vetch + rye) in rice paddy. Field experiments were conducted in rice paddy soil (Shinheung series, fine loamy, mixed, nonacid, mesic family of Aeric Fluventic Haplaquepts) at the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Korea from October 2007 to October 2008. The experiments consisted of three treatments: application or no application of carbonized rice husk, and conventional fertilization. These treatments were subdivided into whole incorporation and aboveground removal of green manure mixtures. The redox potential (Eh) was higher upon application of the carbonized rice husk when compared to no application at 8 and 37 days after transplanting (DAT). The ammonium-N ($NH_4$-N) in soil was highest upon the application of carbonized rice husk + whole green manure incorporation at 17 and 49 DAT. Plant height and tiller number of rice were similar to the $NH_4$-N concentration in soil. Rice yields of application and no application of carbonized rice husk treatment were not significant. However, application of carbonized rice husk improved the soil physical properties such as bulk density and porosity after rice harvest. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that carbonized rice husk could be used as soil amendment for environmentally-friendly rice production under a green manure mixture-rice cropping system.

작부체계내로의 녹비작물의 도입은 토양의 건전성 향상으로 농업생산성의 지속성 유지에 중요한 역할을 한다. 그러나 벼 재배를 위해 호밀 같은 화본과 녹비작물이 다량으로 투입 될 경우 환원장해 등의 부작용이 발생한다. 본시험은 녹비작물 헤어리베치와 호밀의 혼파를 이용하여 벼 재배 시 왕겨숯의 처리 효과를 구명하고 수행하였다. 시험장소는 농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 답작시험 포장이었고 시험토양은 식양질인 신흥통이었다. 시험기간은 2007년 10월 녹비파종에서 벼 수확기인 2008년 10월까지였다. 시험처리는 왕겨숯 처리, 무처리 및 관행시비구를 두었고 왕겨숯 처리구는 혼파 녹비작물의 지상부제거와 전체 식물체의 투입구로 구분하였다. 이앙 후 8일과 37일의 산화환원전위는 왕겨숯 무처리에 비하여 처리한 구에서 증가하였다. 이앙 후 17일과 49일의 토양 암모니아태 질소의 함량은 전식물체 투입구의 왕겨숯 처리구에서 가장 높았다. 벼의 주요 생육특성인 초장과 경수도 토양의 산화환원전위와 암모니태질소 함량 영향으로 이앙 후 48일에 전식물체 투입한 왕겨숯 처리구에서 가장 양호하였다. 쌀 수량은 전식물체 투입구의 왕겨숯 처리 (5,290 kg $ha^{-1}$)와 무처리 (5,140 kg $ha^{-1}$)간 유의적 차이가 없었다. 그러나 벼 재배 후 왕겨숯 처리구에서 토양물리성인 공극률과 용적밀도가 개선되었다. 따라서 왕겨숯 처리는 쌀 수량의 유의적 증가에 기여하지는 못하였지만 벼 생육기간 및 벼 수확 후 토양 이화학성의 개선효과가 있어 토양개량제로 이용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

References

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