Journal of Life Science (생명과학회지)

Korean Society of Life Science (한국생명과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Effect of Aerobic Exercise and Allium Tuberosum Intake on Blood Lipids, MDA and Antioxidant Enzyme in Rats

유산소 운동과 부추섭취가 혈중지질, 지질과산화 및 항산화효소에 미치는 영향

  • Baek, Yeong-Ho (Department of Physical Education, Busan National University) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Ho (Department of Physical Education, Busan National University)
  • Received : 2009.12.26
  • Accepted : 2010.02.12
  • Published : 2010.02.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise and Allium tuberosum intake on blood lipids, MDA and antioxidant enzyme in rats. Twenty four male Sprague-Dawley rats, 4 weeks old, were used. Experimental groups were aerobic exercise with Allium tuberosum intake group (A, n=6), aerobic exercise group (B, n=6), Allium tuberosum intake group (C, n=6), and the control group (D, n=6). Aerobic exercise was administered through a treadmill running program (14~15 m/min, $0^{\circ}$ grade, 25~30 min/day, 5 day/wk) and these rats were given 5% Allium tuberosum for 2 wk. The results of this study are as follows: TC and TG didn't show change; groups A, B, C showed a significant increase in HDL-C compared to the D group; groups A, B, and C showed a significant decrease in LDL-C compared to the D group; groups B and C showed a significant decrease in MDA level compared to the D group; groups B and C showed a significant increase in SOD activity compared to the D group; and the A group showed a significant increase in CAT activity compared to the D group. In conclusion, low intensity aerobic exercise and intake of the natural antioxidant Allium tuberosum seem to have the health promoting effect of retarding oxidative stress by decreasing lipid peroxidation.

실험동물은 생후 4주령 Sprague Dawley계 수컷 흰쥐 30마리로 유산소운동+부추섭취군(6마리), 유산소운동군(6마리), 부추섭취군(6마리), 대조군(6마리)으로 총 24마리로 구분하였다. 운동은 총 2주간 트레드밀로 실시하였으며, 유산소 운동은 주5회, 1일 25~30분 실시하였다. 부추는 5%를 첨가한 사료를 섭취시킨 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 혈중지질에서 TC와 TG는 집단간 유의한 차이가 없었다. HDL-C는 유산소운동+부추섭취군, 유산소운동군, 부추섭취군이 대조군보다 높았다. LDL-C는 유산소운동+부추섭취군, 유산소운동군과 부추섭취군이 대조군 보다 낮았다. MDA는 유산소운동군과 부추섭취군이 대조군보다 낮았다. 항산화 효소에서 SOD의 활성도는 유산소운동군과 부추섭취군이 대조군보다 높았다. CAT의 활성도는 유산소운동+부추섭취군이 대조군보다 높았다. 낮은 강도의 유산소 운동과 천연 항산화제인 부추섭취는 지질과산화물을 낮춤으로서 산화적 스트레스를 개선하는 효과가 있는 것으로 사료된다. 향후 부추섭취와 관련하여 운동강도에 대한 지속적인 연구가 요구되어진다.

Keywords

References

  1. Ahn, Y. J. 1998. Effects of Caloric Restriction and Training Regimens on Body Composition, Serum Lipids, and Muscle Strength. PhD Dissertation. Korea National Sport University.
  2. Alessio, H. M. 1993. Exercise induced-oxidative stress. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise 25, 218-224.
  3. Anatol, K., M. Ulrike, A. Sonke, U. Amaar, L. Charotrharlotte, M. T. Tom, and B. Ulrike. 2001. Influence of vitamin E and C supplementation on lipoprotein oxidation in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Free Rad. Biol. Med. 31, 1570-1581. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(01)00737-7
  4. Bedford, T. G., C. M. Tipton, N. C. Wilson, R. A. Oppliger, and C. V. Gisolfi. 1979. Maximum oxygen consumption of rats and its changes with various experimental procedures. Journal of Applied Physiology 47, 1278-1283.
  5. Bounous, G., S. Sukkar, and J. H. Molson. 2003. The Antioxidant System. Anticancer Research 23, 1411-1416.
  6. Durstine, J. L., P. W. Grandjean, C. A. Cox, and P. D. Thompson. 2002. Lipids, lipoproteins, and exercise. Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention 22, 385-398. https://doi.org/10.1097/00008483-200211000-00002
  7. Friedwald, W. T., R. I. Levy, and D. S. Fredrickson. 1972. Estimation of concen-tration of low density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin. Chem. 18, 499-502.
  8. Gluohua, C. and Chen. Jidi. 1991. Effects of dietary zinc on free radical generation, lipid peroxidation, and superoxide dismutase in trained mice. Archives of Biochemisstry and Biophysics 291, 147-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-9861(91)90117-2
  9. Goldberg, L., D. L. Elliot, R. W. Schultz, and F. E. Kloster. 1984. Changers in lipid and lipoprotein levels after weight training. Journal of the American Medical Association 252, 504-506. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.252.4.504
  10. Goldfarb, A. and C. K. Sen. 1994. Antioxidant supplementation and the control of oxygen toxicity during exercise. Exercise and Oxygen Toxicity. pp. 163-189, In Sen, C. K., L. Packer, and O. Hanninen (eds.), Amsterdam: Elsevier Science.
  11. Guie, C. A., B. Frei, and M. K. Shigenaga. 1993. Antioxidant status and indexes of oxidative stress during consecutive days of exercise. J. Appl. Physiol. 75, 566.
  12. Halliwell, B. 1991. Reactive oxygen species in living system. Sourcs, biochemistry and role in human disease. The American Journal of Medicine 91, 14-22.
  13. Jeong, D. J. 1999. The Effect of antioxidants supplementation and exercise intensity on the lipid peroxidation and the activities of antioxidative enzymes. PhD Dissertation. Seoul National University.
  14. Ji, L. L. 1993. Antioxidant enzyme response to exercise and aging. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 25, 225-231.
  15. Ji, L. L. 1995. Exercise and oxidative stress: role of the cellular antioxidant systems. Exercise Sports Science Review, 23, 135-166.
  16. Ji, L. L. 1999. Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress in Exercise. P.S.E.B.M. 222, 283-292.
  17. Jeon, J. K., B. W. Jeong, S. K. Lee, H. G. Park, H. Y. Jang, and W. R. Lee. 2006. Effects of long-term endurance exercise training and L-arginine supplementation on superoxide production and antioxidants enzyme protein expression of Aorta in spontaneously hypertensive rat. Korean Academy Society of Exercise Nutrition 10, 331-340.
  18. Jung, H. S., K. H. Noh, H. Y. Cho, J. Y. Park, C. Y. Choi, T. W. Kwon, and Y. S. Song. 2003. Effect of buchu (Allium tuberosum) on lipid peroxidation and antioxidative defense system in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Journal of Life Science 13, 333-342. https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2003.13.3.333
  19. Katzmarzyk, P. T., A. S. Leon., T. Rankinen., J. Gagnon., J. S. Skinner., J. H. Wilmore., D. C. Rao, and C. Bouchard. 2001. Changes in blood lipids consequent to aerobic exercise training related to changes in body fatness and aerobic fitness. Metabolism. Jul 50, 841-848. https://doi.org/10.1053/meta.2001.24190
  20. Kim, M. Y., S. W. Choi, and S. K. Chung. 2000. Antioxidative Flavonoids from the Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Shoot. Food Science and Biotechnology 9, 199-203.
  21. Kim, B. R. and J. P. Park. 2003. The effects of bare feet walking on the body composition and blood lipid profiles of obese female-students in the middle school. The Korean Journal of Physical Education 12, 517-528.
  22. Kumari, M., J. S. Yudkin, S. E. Humphries, V. Mohamed-Ali. Inflammation, obesity, stress and coronary heart disease: is interleukin-6 the link? 1999. Atherosclerosis 148, 209-214.
  23. Kwon, T. D., S. P. Ryu, W. C. Jang. and S. C. Lee. 2002. Effects of Green Tea Polyphenol Ingestion on Blood Lipids, MDA and SOD in Rats. The Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition 6, 85-88.
  24. Lee, G. P. and I. S. Lim. 2000. The Changes of MDA, SOD, and Catalase by Overtraining. The Korean Journal of Physical Education 39, 426-435.
  25. Lee, M. J., B. M. Ryu, Y. S. Lee, and G. S. Moon. 2002. Effect of Long Term Buchu (Chinese chives) Diet on Antioxidative System of ICR Mice. Korean Society of Food Science and Technology 31, 834-839. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2002.31.5.834
  26. Leeuwenburgh, C., J. Hollander, S. Leichtweis, M. Griffiths, and L. L. Ji. 1997. Adaptation of glutathione antioxidant system to endurance training are tissue and muscle fiber-specific. American Journal of Physiology 272, 363-369.
  27. Lowry, O. H., N. J. Rsenbrough, and A. L. Rarr. 1997. Protein measurement with folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 193, 265-275.
  28. Maxwell, S. R. J., P. Jakeman, and H. Thomason. 1993. Change in plasma antioxidant status during eccentric exercise and the effect of vitamin supplementation. Free Rad. Res. Commum. 19, 191. https://doi.org/10.3109/10715769309111602
  29. Mena, P., M. Maynar, J. M. Gutierrez, J. Timon, and J. E. Campillo. 1991. Erythrocyte free radical scavenger enzymes in bicycle professional racers, Adapt at into training. Int. J. Sports Med 12, 563-566. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1024734
  30. Moon, G. S. and M. J. Lee. 2003. The long term effect of Buchu (Chinese chives) diet on ROS formation in the liver and skin tissue of ICR mice. Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 32, 444-449. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2003.32.3.444
  31. Niess, A. M., H. H. Dickhuth, H. Northoff, and E. Fehrenbach. 1999. Free radicals and oxidative stress in exercise immunological aspects. Exercise Immunology Review 5, 22-56.
  32. Niesse, A. M., A. Harmann, M. Grunert-Fuchs, B. Poch, and G. Speit. 1996. DNA damage after exhaustive treadmill running in trained and untrained men. International J. Sport Med. 17, 397-403. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-972868
  33. Ohno, H., H. Yamachita, T. Ookawara, D. Saitoh, K. Wakabayashi, and N. Taniquchi. 1992. Training effects on concentration of immuno reactive superoxide dismutase iso-enzymes in human plasma. Acta Physiology 167, 301-303.
  34. Overton, P. D., N. Fuurlonger, J. M. Beety., J. Chakraborty, J. A. Tredger, and L. M. Morgan. 1994. The effects of dietary sugar-beet fiber and guar on lipid metabolism in Wistar rats. Br. J. Nutr. 72, 385-395. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN19940041
  35. Park, J. Y., M. J. Kim, Y. K. Kim, Y. S. Jin, and H. J. Lee. 1999. The effect of exercise pattern and antioxidant Supplement on antioxidant enzymes and total antioxidant status. The Korean Journal of Physical Education 38, 451-460.
  36. Park, S. Y. 2003. Effect of circulation exercise on physical fitness and blood lipid in obese children. Graduate School Sang-myung University.
  37. Perez, D. D., P. Strobel, R. Foncea, M. S. Diez, L. Vasquez, I. Urquiaga, O. Castillo, A. Cuevas, A. San, Martin, and F. Leighton. 2002. Wine, diet, antioxidant defenses, and oxidative damage. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 957, 136-145. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb02912.x
  38. Savickiene, N., A. Dagilyte., A. Lukosius, and V. Zitkevicius. 2002. Importance of biologically active compounds and plants in the prevention of diabetes mellitus. Medicina 38, 970-975.
  39. Scjokman, C. P., H. Ingrid, E. Rutishauser, and R. J. Wallace. 1999. Pre and post game macronutrient intake of a group of elite Australian football players. Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. 9, 60-96.
  40. Sen, C. K., M. Atalay, and O. Hanninen. 1994. Exercise-induced oxidative stress: glutathione supplementation and deficiency. J. Appl. Physiol. 77, 2177-2187.
  41. Sen, C. K., and O. Hanninen. 1994. Physiological antioxidants: pp. 89-126, In Exercise and Oxygen Toxicity, In Sen, C. K., L. Packer, and O. Hanninen. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science.
  42. Slowing, K., P. Ganado, M. Sanz, E. Ruiz, and T. Tejerina. 2001. Study of garlic extracts and fractions on cholesterol plasma levels and vascular reactivity in cholesterol-fed rats. J. Nur. 131, 219-225.
  43. Somani, S. M., S. Frank, and L. P. Rybakal. 1995. Responses of antioxidant system to acute and trained exercise in rat heart subcellular fractions. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 51, 627-634. https://doi.org/10.1016/0091-3057(94)00427-K
  44. Song, S. K. 2007. Effects of Dance Sports Exercise on Health-related Fitness, Body Composition and Serum Lipids in Old-aged Women. Graduate School of Education Kyungsung University.
  45. Thompson, P. D., D. Buchner, I. L. Pina, G. J. Balady, M. A. Williams. B. H. Marcus, K. Berra, S. N. Blair. and F. Costa. 2003. Exercise and physical activity in the prevention and treatment of aterosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Circulation 107, 3109-3116. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000075572.40158.77
  46. Witt, E. H., A. Z. Reznick., C. A. Viguie., P. Starke-Reed, and L. Packer. 1992. Exercise, Oxidative Damage and Effects of Antioxidant Manipulation. J. Nutr. 122, 766-773.
  47. Yoo, S. O. and J. H. Bae. 1993. Investigation of Korean native Chinese chives on flower bud differentiation. J. Kor. Soc. Hort Sci. 34, 395-401.

Cited by

  1. Effects of Oenanthe javanica and Allium tuberosum on Lipid Content in Rats Fed a High-fat·High-cholesterol Diet vol.26, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2016.26.3.302
  2. Effects of Aerobic Exercise and a Protein Diet on Serum Lipid Profiles, Liver Function, and Immunoglobulin in Rats vol.22, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2012.22.1.92
  3. Effects of Cheonggukjang Diet and Aerobic Exercise on Lipid Metabolism and Antioxidant Enzyme in Rats vol.23, pp.5, 2013, https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2013.23.5.657
  4. Effect of Black Garlic and Gaeddongssuk (Artemisia annua L.) Extracts on the Lipid Profile and Hepatic Antioxidant Enzyme Activities of Exercised Rats vol.42, pp.6, 2013, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2013.42.6.869
  5. The Effects of Aerobic Exercise Training on Blood Lipid Profiles, Fibrinolytic Activities, and Nitric Oxide Levels in High-fat-diet induced Rats vol.25, pp.12, 2015, https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2015.25.12.1432
  6. Anti-oxidant and Anti-proliferative Effects of Water Extract Mixture of Cordyceps Militaris and Allium Tuberosum vol.26, pp.7, 2016, https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2016.26.7.805