Synergy: An Overlay Internetworking Architecture and Implementation

  • Kwon, Min-Seok (Department of Computer Science at Rochester Institute of Technology) ;
  • Fahmy, Sonia (Computer Science department at Purdue University)
  • Received : 2008.04.09
  • Accepted : 2009.06.05
  • Published : 2010.04.30

Abstract

A multitude of overlay network designs for resilient routing, multicasting, quality of service, content distribution, storage, and object location have been proposed. Overlay networks offer several attractive features, including ease of deployment, flexibility, adaptivity, and an infrastructure for collaboration among hosts. In this paper, we explore cooperation among co-existing, possibly heterogeneous, overlay networks. We discuss a spectrum of cooperative forwarding and information sharing services, and investigate the associated scalability, heterogeneity, and security problems. Motivated by these services, we design Synergy, a utility-based overlay internetworking architecture that fosters overlay cooperation. Our architecture promotes fair peering relationships to achieve synergism. Results from Internet experiments with cooperative forwarding overlays indicate that our Synergy prototype improves delay, throughput, and loss performance, while maintaining the autonomy and heterogeneity of individual overlay networks.

Keywords

References

  1. J. Saltzer, D. Reed, and D. Clark, "End-to-end arguments in system design," IEEE/ACM Trans. Comput. Syst., pp. 277-288, Nov. 1984.
  2. Y. Chu, S. Rao, S. Seshan, and H. Zhang, "Enabling conferencing applications on the Internet using an overlay multicast architecture," in Proc. ACM SIGCOMM, Aug. 2001, pp. 55-67.
  3. F. Wang, Y. Xiong, and J. Liu, "mTreebone: A hybrid tree/mesh overlay for application-layer live video multicast," in Proc. IEEE ICDCS, 2007.
  4. S. Savage, T. Anderson, A. Aggarawl, T. Anderson, A. Aggarwal, D. Becker, N. Cardwell, A. Collins, E. Hoffman, J. Snell, A. Vahdat, G. Voelker, J. Zahorjan, "Detour: A case for informed Internet routing and transport," IEEE Micro, vol. 1, no. 19, pp. 50-59, Jan. 1999.
  5. D. Andersen, H. Balakrishnan, M. Kaashoek, and R. Morris, "Resilient overlay networks," in Proc. ACM SOSP, Oct. 2001, pp. 131-145.
  6. J. Byers, J. Considine, M. Mitzenmacher, and S. Rost, "Informed content delivery across adaptive overlay networks," in Proc. ACM SIGCOMM, Aug. 2002.
  7. F. Dabek, M. F. Kaashoek, D. Karger, R. Morris, and I. Stoica, "Wide-area cooperative storage with CFS," in Proc. ACM SOSP, 2001, pp. 202-215.
  8. L. Subramanian, I. Stoica, H. Balakrishnan, and R. Katz, "OverQoS: An overlay based architecture for enhancing Internet QoS," in Proc. USENIX NSDI, Mar. 2004.
  9. I. Stoica, R. Morris, D. Liben-Nowell, D. R. Karger, M. F. Kaashoek, F. Dabek, and H. Balakrishnan, "Chord: A scalable peer-to-peer lookup protocol for Internet applications," in Proc. ACM SIGCOMM, Aug. 2001, pp. 149-160.
  10. A. Rowstron and P. Druschel, "Pastry: Scalable, decentralized object location and routing for large-scale peer-to-peer systems," in Proc. ACM/IFlP Middleware,2001.
  11. Y. Chawathe and M. Seshadri, "Broadcast Federation: An application-layer broadcast internetwork," in Proc. ACM NOSSDAV, May 2002, pp. 117-126.
  12. M. Ammar et. al. (2003, Apr.) Report of the national science foundation workshop on fundamental research in networking. Apr. 2003. [Online]. Available: http://www.cs.virginia.edu/~jorg/workshopl
  13. L. Qiu, Y. R. Yang, Y. Zhang, and S. Shenker, "On selfish routing in Internet-like environments," in Proc. ACM SIGCOMM, Aug. 2003.
  14. A. Greenberg, G. Hjalmtysson, D. A. Maltz, A. Myers, J. Rexford, G. Xie, H. Yan, J. Zhan, and H. Zhang, "A clean slate 4D approach to network control and management," SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev., vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 41-54, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1145/1096536.1096541
  15. X. Yang, D. Wetherall, and T. Anderson, "A DoS-limiting network architecture," in Proc. ACM SIGCOMM, 2005.
  16. J. Crowcroft, S. Hand, R. Mortier, T. Roscoe, and A. Warfield, "Plutarch: An argument for network pluralism," in Proc. ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Future Directions in Network Architecture, Aug. 2003.
  17. K. Sollins, "Designing for scale and differentiation," in Proc. ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Future Directions in Network Architecture, Aug. 2003.
  18. X. Yang, "NIRA: A new Internet routing architecture," in Proc. ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Future Directions in Network Architecture, Aug. 2003.
  19. W. Xu and J. Rexford, "MIRO: Multi-path interdomain routing," in Proc. ACM SIGCOMM, 2006.
  20. L. Peterson, S. Muir, T. Roscoe, and A. Klingaman, "Planetlab architecture: An overview," PlanetLab Consortium, Tech. Rep. PDN-06-031, May 2006.
  21. M. Kwon and S. Fahmy, "Synergy: An overlay internetworking architecture," in Proc. 14th IEEE ICCCN, 2005.
  22. E. Blanton, S. Fahmy, and S. Banerjee, "Resource management in an active measurement service," in Proc. IEEE Global Internet Symp., 2008.
  23. P. Yalagandula, P. Sharma, S. Banerjee, S. Basu, and S. Lee, "53: A scalable sensing service for monitoring large networked systems," in Proc. INM, Sept. 2006.
  24. S. Banerjee, B. Bhattacharjee, and C. Kommareddy, "Scalable application multicast," in Proc. ACM SIGCOMM, Aug. 2002.
  25. Y. Chen, D. Bindel, H. Song, and R. Katz, "An algebraic approach to practical and scalable overlay network monitoring," in Proc. SIGCOMM, Aug. 2004.
  26. A. Nakao, L. Peterson, and A. Bavier, "A routing underlay for overlay networks," in Proc. ACM SIGCOMM, Aug. 2003.
  27. S. Banerjee. The myns simulator. [Online]. Available: http://www.cs.umd.edu/~suman/researchlmynsl
  28. E. Zegura, K. Calvert, and S. Bhattacharjee, "How to model an internetwork," in Proc. IEEE INFO COM, vol. 2, Mar. 1996, pp. 594-602.
  29. D. G. Andersen, H. Balakrishnan, M. F. Kaashoek, and R. Rao, "Improving web availability for clients with MONET," in Proc USENIX NSDI, May 2005.
  30. C. Wu, B. Li, and S. Zhao, "Magellan: Charting large-scale peer-topeer live streaming topologies," ACM Trans. Multimedia Comput. Commun. Appl., vol. 4, no. 3, Aug. 2008.
  31. C. Wu, B. Li, and S. Zhao. A free online service to organize your academic papers. [Online]. Available: http://www.citeulike.org/
  32. T. Strufe, G. Schaefer, and A. Chang, "BCBS: An efficient load balancing strategy for cooperative overlay live-streaming," in Proc. IEEE ICC, 2006.
  33. A. Mislove, G. Oberoi, A. Post, C. Reis, P. Druschel, and D. Wallach, "AP3: A cooperative, decentralized service providing anonymous communication," in Proc. USENIX NSDI, Sept. 2004.
  34. A. Rodriguez, C. Killian, S. Bhat, D. Kostic, and A. Vahdat, "MACEDON: Mefhodology for automatically creating, evaluating, and designing overlay networks," in Proc. USENIX NSDI, Mar. 2004.
  35. A. Bavier et. al., "Operating system support for planetary-scale network services," in Proc. USENIX NSDI, Mar. 2004.
  36. A. Bavier, N. Fearnster, M. Huang, L. Peterson, and J. Rexford, In VINI Veritas: Realistic and Controlled Network Experimentation.. New York, NY, USA: ACM Press, 2006.
  37. B. Karp, S. Ratnasamy, S. Rhea, and S. Shenker, "Spurring Adoption of DHTs with OpenHash, a Public DHT Service," in Proc. IPTPS, Feb. 2004.
  38. E. Koutsoupias and C. Papadimitriou, "Worst-case equilibria;' in Proc. 16th Ann. Symp. Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science, 1999, pp. 404-413.
  39. T. Roughgarden and E. Tardos, "How bad is selfish routing?" J. ACM, vol. 49, no. 2,pp. 236-259, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1145/506147.506153
  40. S. Rewaskar and J. Kaur, "Testing the scalability of overlay routing infrastructures," in Proc. the Passive and Active Measurements Workshop, Apr. 2004.
  41. A. Young, J. Chen, Z. Ma, A. Krishnamurthy, L. Peterson, and R. Wang, "Overlay mesh construction using interleaved spanning trees," in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM, Mar. 2004.