Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
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Synthesis and Characterization of Structured Lipids from Evening Primrose Seeds Oil and Rice Bran Oil

달맞이꽃 종자유와 미강유로부터 효소적 합성한 재구성 지질의 이화학적 특성 분석

  • Kim, Hyo-Jin (Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Kyung-Su (Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Ki-Teak (Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University)
  • Received : 2010.05.14
  • Accepted : 2010.07.13
  • Published : 2010.08.31
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Abstract

Structured lipids (SLs) were synthesized by enzymatic interesterification with evening primrose oil (EPO) and rice bran oil (RBO) in a batch-type reactor. The interesterification was performed using a water shaker for 24 hr at $55^{\circ}C$. Mixing speed was set at 200 rpm and Lipozyme RM IM (immobilized lipase from Rhizomucor miehei, 10% by weight of total substrates) was used as a biocatalyst. Rice bran oil and evening primrose oil were interesterified with various molar ratios (RBO : EPO, 1:3, 1:4, and 1:5 mol/mol). Reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography connected with evaporative light-scattering detector was performed to separate the triacylglycerol (TAG) species of SLs. In the fatty acid analysis, $\gamma$-linolenic acid (7.9 mol%), linoleic acid (67.3 mol%) and oleic acid (13.2 mol%) were the most abundant fatty acids in the SLs. During 24 hr reaction, most of the reaction occurred within 3 hr. TAG compositions, tocopherols and phytosterols were also analyzed. In the TAG species analysis, LLL (ECN=42, L=linoleic acid) dramatically decreased when the reaction time increased.

미강유(RBO)와 달맞이꽃 종자유(EPO)를 기질로 한 다양한 몰비율(1:3, 1:4, 1:5)을 가지고 효소촉매를 이용한 재구성 지질을 합성하였다. 달맞이꽃 종자유의 주요 지방산은 필수 지방산인 linoleic acid(C18:2)와 $\gamma$-linolenic acid(C18:3n-6)가 각각 74.9%와 8.1%를 차지하였다. 비율별로 합성된 재구성 지질의 주요 지방산을 살펴보면 oleic acid, linoleic acid, $\gamma$-linolenic acid가 전체 지방산 조성의 88% 이상을 차지하였다. 합성한 재구성 지질은 $\gamma$-linolenic acid를 각각 7.2%(1:3)와 7.9%(1:4), 8.3%(1:5)로 함유하였다. 반응에 사용된 기질 및 합성된 재구성 지질의 TAG 조성을 reversed-phase HPLC를 이용하여 분석한 결과, 미강유의 비율이 증가할수록 달맞이꽃 종자유의 주요한 peak인 LLL(trilinolein) peak는 감소하였고, 새로운 peak의 형성은 점차 증가하였다. 재구성 지질 및 반응에 사용된 미강유와 달맞이꽃 종자유의 $\alpha$-, $\gamma$-, $\delta$-tocopherol 함량을 분석한 결과, 미강유는 $\alpha$-tocopherol과 $\gamma$-tocopherol이 각각 7.60, 2.11(mg/100 g) 함량을 나타내었으며, $\delta$-tocopherol은 검출되지 않았다. 달맞이꽃 종자유는 $\alpha$-tocopherol 및 $\gamma$-tocopherol은 각각 13.36과 10.82(mg/100 g)를 나타내었다. Phytosterol 함량은 달맞이꽃 종자유가 744.49 mg/100 g으로 가장 높은 수치를 보였고, 미강유는 606.64 mg/100 g이었다. 한편, scale-up한 재구성 지질의 phytosterol 함량을 분석해 본 결과, 반응하기 전 campesterol, stigmasterol 및 $\beta$-sitosterol 함량이 3시간 반응 후 감소하였다. 이로써 필수지방산인 $\gamma$-linolenic acid를 함유한 재구성지질을 효소를 이용하여 성공적으로 합성하였다.

Keywords

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