Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회지)

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
권호 표지

Monitoring Bacillus cereus and Aerobic Bacteria in Raw Infant Formula and Microbial Quality Control during Manufacturing

영.유아용 식품원료의 Bacillus cereus와 일반세균 모니터링 및 제조공정 중 미생물 품질제어

  • Jung, Woo-Young (Hazardous Substances Analysis Division, Daejeon Regional Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Eom, Joon-Ho (Hazardous Substances Analysis Division, Daejeon Regional Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Kim, Byeong-Jo (Hazardous Substances Analysis Division, Daejeon Regional Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Ju, In-Sun (Hazardous Substances Analysis Division, Daejeon Regional Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Kim, Chang-Soo (Hazardous Substances Analysis Division, Daejeon Regional Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Kim, Mi-Ra (Hazardous Substances Analysis Division, Daejeon Regional Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Byun, Jung-A (Hazardous Substances Analysis Division, Daejeon Regional Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Park, You-Gyoung (Hazardous Substances Analysis Division, Daejeon Regional Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Son, Sang-Hyuck (Hazardous Substances Analysis Division, Daejeon Regional Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Lee, Eun-Mi (Hazardous Substances Analysis Division, Daejeon Regional Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Jung, Rae-Seok (Hazardous Substances Analysis Division, Daejeon Regional Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Na, Mi-Ae (Hazardous Substances Analysis Division, Daejeon Regional Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Yuk, Dong-Yeon (Hazardous Substances Analysis Division, Daejeon Regional Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Gang, Ji-Yeon (Hazardous Substances Analysis Division, Daejeon Regional Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Heo, Ok-Sun (Hazardous Substances Analysis Division, Daejeon Regional Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Yoon, Min-Ho (Department of Bio-Environmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University)
  • 정우영 (대전지방식품의약품안전청 유해물질분석과) ;
  • 엄준호 (대전지방식품의약품안전청 유해물질분석과) ;
  • 김병조 (대전지방식품의약품안전청 유해물질분석과) ;
  • 주인선 (대전지방식품의약품안전청 유해물질분석과) ;
  • 김창수 (대전지방식품의약품안전청 유해물질분석과) ;
  • 김미라 (대전지방식품의약품안전청 유해물질분석과) ;
  • 변정아 (대전지방식품의약품안전청 유해물질분석과) ;
  • 박유경 (대전지방식품의약품안전청 유해물질분석과) ;
  • 손상혁 (대전지방식품의약품안전청 유해물질분석과) ;
  • 이은미 (대전지방식품의약품안전청 유해물질분석과) ;
  • 정래석 (대전지방식품의약품안전청 유해물질분석과) ;
  • 나미애 (대전지방식품의약품안전청 유해물질분석과) ;
  • 육동연 (대전지방식품의약품안전청 유해물질분석과) ;
  • 강지연 (대전지방식품의약품안전청 유해물질분석과) ;
  • 허옥순 (대전지방식품의약품안전청 유해물질분석과) ;
  • 윤민호 (충남대학교 생물환경화학과)
  • Received : 2010.01.27
  • Accepted : 2010.03.30
  • Published : 2010.08.31
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the presence of Bacillus cereus, aerobic bacteria and coliforms in the raw material of infant formulas and investigate the manufacturing process in terms of microbial safety. Among ten kinds of raw infant formula material samples (n=20), Bacillus cereus appeared in two (n=4). Aerobic bacteria were not detected in raw infant formula material or maximum 4.15 log CFU/g. Eleven species of aerobic bacteria were isolated and 76% of them were Sphingomonas paucimobilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Rhizobium radiobactor, or Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. A Pearson's correlation analysis revealed that the most influential factors for detecting Bacillus cereus were aerobic bacteria and coliforms. In other words, when the measured values of aerobic bacteria and coliforms were higher, the possibility that Bacillus cereus would appear increased. In a regression model to predict Bacillus cereus, the rate of appearance was correlated with aerobic bacteria and coliforms, and its contribution rate for effectiveness was 86%. Improving microbial quality control by pasteurization, spray dry, popping and extrusion resulted in a decrease in the numbers of Bacillus cereus, aerobic bacteria and coliforms in the raw materials. The results suggest that a hazard analysis and critical control point system might be effective for reducing microbiological contamination.

영 유아용 식품에 주로 사용되는 원료에 대한 미생물 오염도를 조사한 결과, 총 10종(n=20)의 원료 중 B. cereus가 검출된 원료는 2종(n=4, 20%) 이었고, $1.02{\pm}1.36\;\log\;CFU/g$으로 나타났으며, B. cereus가 검출된 원료로는 organic brown rice powder(C사)와 mixed orgarnic vegetable powder(C사) 이었다. 미생물이 검출되지 않거나 낮게 검출된 원료는 제조공정에 살균, 분무건조, 팽화 및 압출 등의 열처리 공정이 있었다. 각 원료에 대한 일반세균수를 알아보기 위해 10종(n=20) 검사결과 4종(n=8) 검출(40%)되었으며, $3.21{\pm}3.64\log\;CFU/g$으로 나타났다. 원료에서 분리한 미생물 분포를 조사한 결과 총 11종이 분리 되었으며, 분리된 일반세균 중 76%를 차지하는 우점종은 S. paucimobilis, P. fluorescens, R. radiobactor, St. maltophilia 순으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 영 유아식의 미생물 안전성 확보를 위해 원료 생산공정에 살균 등의 열처리 공정이 필요하며, 미생물에 오염된 원료를 사용할 경우에도 생산공정에 드럼건조(drum surface temperature: $100-135^{\circ}C$), 분무건조(inlet air temperature: $135-204^{\circ}C$), 살균(pasteurization, UHT $130-150^{\circ}C$/1-4 sec), 미생물 저감화 방안의 제조공정을 거쳐 생산된 제품은 일반세균, 대장균군, B. cereus가 검출되지 않아 안전한 제품의 생산이 가능하였다. 또한, 영 유아용 식품을 제조할 경우 명확한 살균조건을 설정하고, 공정품의 품질평가를 거쳐야만 제품의 안전성을 확보할 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

Keywords

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