The Plant Pathology Journal

The Korean Society of Plant Pathology (한국식물병리학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Suppression of Bipolaris Stem Rot on Cactus by Heat-inactivated Conidial Suspension of Bipolaris cactivora

  • Choi, Min-Ok (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Sang-Gyu (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Young-Ho (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University)
  • Received : 2010.04.28
  • Accepted : 2010.08.02
  • Published : 2010.09.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The heat-inactivated (at $121^{\circ}C$ for 20 min) conidial suspension of Bipolaris cactivora (HICS) was evaluated for the control of Bipolaris stem rot of cactus caused by B. cactivora. Severe rot symptoms were developed on the cactus stem discs inoculated with B. cactivora from 5 days after inoculation. However, only small brownish spots developed on the stem discs treated with HICS 2 days prior to the pathogen inoculation. HICS also reduced symptom development on cactus stem discs inoculated with other fungal pathogens such as Alternaria alternata, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and Fusarium oxysporum, suggesting its disease-inhibitory efficacy may not be pathogen-specific. HICS significantly reduced severities of the stem rot disease on several cactus species including Hylocereus trigonus, Cereus peruvianus, Chamaecereus silvestrii and Gymnocalycium mianovichii, but not on Cereus tetragonus. Extensive wound periderms were formed in the stem tissues of inoculation and/or wounding sites on C. peruvianus treated with HICS alone or prior to the pathogen inoculation, but not on C. tetragonus, indicating the structural modifications may be related to the mechanism of disease suppression by HICS. HICS also reduced the disease development on the grafted cactus (H. trigonus stock and G. mianovichii scion) with the control efficacy nearly equivalent to the application of a commercial fungicide. All of these results suggest HICS can be used as an environmental-friendly agent for the control of the cactus stem disease.

Keywords

References

  1. Agrios, G. N. 2005. Plant Pathology, Fifth Edition. San Diego, CA: Elsevier Academic Press. 922 pp.
  2. Bach, E. E., Barros, B. C. and Kimati, H. 2003. Induced resistance against Bipolaris bicolor, Bipolaris sorokiniana and Drechslera tritici-repentis in wheat leaves by xantham gum and heat-inactivated conidial suspension. J. Phytopathol. 151:411-418. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0434.2003.00742.x
  3. Biggs, A. R. and Britton, K. O. 1988. Presymptom histopathology of peach trees inoculated with Botryosphaeria obtusa and Botryosphaeria dothidea. Phytopathology 78:1109-1118. https://doi.org/10.1094/Phyto-78-1109
  4. Chang, M., Hyun, I. H. and Lee, Y. H. 1998. Bipolaris stem rot of cactus caused by Bipolaris cactivora (Petrak) Alcorn. Korean J. Plant Pathol. 14:661-663.
  5. Chase, A. R. 1982. Stem rot and shattering of Easter cactus caused by Drechslera cactivora. Plant Dis. 66:602-603. https://doi.org/10.1094/PD-66-602
  6. Choi, M.-O., Kim, S. G., Hyun, I.-H., Kim, J. H., Cho, C.-H., Park, M. S. and Kim, Y. H. 2010. First report of black spot caused by Alternaria alternata on grafted cactus. Plant Pathol. J. 26:80-82. https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.2010.26.1.080
  7. Cruz, M. D. L., Ramirez, F. and Hernandez, H. 1997. DNA Isolation and amplification from cacti. Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. 15: 319-325. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007428818078
  8. Durbin, R. D., Davis, L. H. and Baker, K. F. 1955. A Helminthosporium stem rot of cacti. Phytopathology 45:509-512.
  9. Han, M. H. 2010. Biological characteristics of stem pathogen of Hylocereus trigonus, Fusarium oxysporum and its biological control. M.S. Thesis, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. 72 pp.
  10. Heale, J. B., Dodd, K. S. and Gahan, P. B. 1982. The induced resistance response of carrot root slices to heat-killed conidia and cell-free germination fluid of Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Pers. Ann. Bot. 49:847-857. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a086311
  11. Heivieux, V., Yaganza, E. S., Arul, J. and Tweddell, R. J. 2002. Effect of organic and inorganic salts on the development of Helminthosporium solani, the causal agent of potato silver scurf. Plant Dis. 86:1014-1018. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS.2002.86.9.1014
  12. Hyun, I. H., Lee, S. D., Hwang, B. C., Ko, K. I., Chung, H. S. and Kim, B. K. 2001. Occurrence of stem rot caused by Bipolaris cactivora on different species of cactus and its pathogenicity. Res. Plant Dis. 7:56-59.
  13. Hyun, I. H., Lee, S. D., Lee, Y. H. and Heo, N. Y. 1998. Mycological characteristics and pathogenicity of Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. emend. Snyd. & Hans. causing stem rot of cactus Korean J. Plant Pathol. 14:463-466.
  14. Kim, J. H., Jeoung, M. I., Hyun, I. H. and Kim, Y. H. 2004a. Potential biotypes in Korean isolates of Bipolaris cactivora associated with stem rot of cactus. Plant Pathol. J. 20:165-171. https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.2004.20.3.165
  15. Kim, J. H., Jeon, Y. H., Kim, S. G. and Kim, Y. H. 2007. First report on bacterial soft rot of graft-cactus Chamaecereus silvestrii caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum in Korea. Plant Pathol. J. 23:314-317. https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.2007.23.4.314
  16. Kim, K.-H., Yoon, J.-B., Park, H.-G., Park, E. W. and Kim, Y. H. 2004b. Structural modifications and programmed cell death of chili pepper fruit related to resistance responses to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides infection. Phytopathology 94:1295-1304. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO.2004.94.12.1295
  17. Kim, S. G., Kim, Y.-H., Kim, H.-T. and Kim, Y. H. 2008. Effect of delayed inoculation after wounding on the development of anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum acutatum on chili pepper fruit. Plant Pathol. J. 24:392-399. https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.2008.24.4.392
  18. Kim, Y. H., Jun, O. K., Sung, M. J., Shin, J. S., Kim, J. H. and Jeoung, M. I. 2000. Occurrence of Colletotrichm stem rot caused by Glomerella cingulata on graft-cactus in Korea. Plant Pathol. J. 16:242-245.
  19. Kim, Y. H. and Kim, K.-H. 2002. Abscission layer formation as a resistance response of Peruvian apple cactus against Glomerella cingulata. Phytopathology 92:964-969. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO.2002.92.9.964
  20. Lozano, J. C. and Sequeira, L. 1969. Prevention of the hypersensitive reaction in tobacco leaves by heat-killed bacterial cells. Phytopathology 60:875-879. https://doi.org/10.1094/Phyto-60-875
  21. Prusky, D., Koblier, I., Ardi, R., Beno-Moalem, D., Yakoby, N. and Keen, N. T. 2000. Resistance mechanisms of subtropical fruits to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. In: Colletotrichum: Biology, Pathology, and Control, ed. by J. A. Bailey and M. J. Jeger, pp. 232-244. CAB International, Wallingford, UK.
  22. Rathmell, W. G. and Sequeira, L. 1975. Induced resistance in tobacco leaves: The role of inhibitors of bacterial growth in the intercellular fluid. Physiol. Plant Pathol. 5:65-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-4059(75)90071-5
  23. Sabba, R. P. and Lulai, E. C. 2002. Histological analysis of the maturation of native and wound periderm in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuber. Ann. Bot. 90:1-10. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcf147
  24. Smith, D. A. 1982. Toxicity of phytoalexins. In: Phytoalexins, ed. by J. A. Bailey and J. W. Mansfield, pp. 218-252. Halstead Press, John Wiley & Sons, New York.
  25. Song, C. Y., Ahn, D. H., Cho, C. H., Chung, J. W. and Nam, S. Y. 2009a. Exporting promotion strategy of grafted cacti. Flower Res. J. 17:67-73.
  26. Song, C. Y., Ahn, D. H., Kim, Y. S., Park, I. T. and Cho, C. H. 2009b. Export market trends of grafted cacti. Flower Res. J. 17:62-66.
  27. Taba, S., Miyahira, N., Nasu, K., Takushi, T. and Moromizato, Z. 2007. Fruit rot of strawberry pear (pitaya) caused by Bipolaris cactivora. J. Gen. Plant Pathol. 73:374-376. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327-007-0032-x
  28. Taylor, J. E. and Whitelaw, C. A. 2001. Signals in abscission. New Phytol. 151:323-339. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0028-646x.2001.00194.x

Cited by

  1. Biocontrol Characteristics of Bacillus Species in Suppressing Stem Rot of Grafted Cactus Caused by Bipolaris cactivora vol.29, pp.1, 2013, https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.OA.07.2012.0116
  2. Identification of a 12-Gene Fusaric Acid Biosynthetic Gene Cluster in Fusarium Species Through Comparative and Functional Genomics vol.28, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-09-14-0264-R
  3. Biocontrol Efficacies of Bacillus Species Against Cylindrocarpon destructans Causing Ginseng Root Rot vol.27, pp.4, 2011, https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.2011.27.4.333