Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회지)

Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회)
권호 표지

Changes in Soil Temperature, Moisture Content, Light Availability and Diameter Growth After Thinning in Korean Pine (Pinus koraiensis) Plantation

잣나무 임분 내 간벌 후 토양 온도, 수분, 광 유효도 및 직경생장 변화

  • Bae, Sang-Won (Forest Practice Research Center, Korea Forest Research Institute) ;
  • Hwang, Jae-Hong (Division of Forest Tree Improvement, Korea Forest Research Institute) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Tae (Forest Practice Research Center, Korea Forest Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, Hyun-Seop (Forest Practice Research Center, Korea Forest Research Institute) ;
  • Jeong, Jun-Mo (Forest Practice Research Center, Korea Forest Research Institute)
  • 배상원 (국립산림과학원 산림생산기술연구소) ;
  • 황재홍 (국립산림과학원 자원육성연구과) ;
  • 이상태 (국립산림과학원 산림생산기술연구소) ;
  • 김현섭 (국립산림과학원 산림생산기술연구소) ;
  • 정준모 (국립산림과학원 산림생산기술연구소)
  • Received : 2010.03.26
  • Accepted : 2010.06.18
  • Published : 2010.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the changes in soil temperature, soil moisture content, light availability (photosynthetically active radiation, PAR) and diameter growth in 46-year-old Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis Siebold et Zuccarini) plantation located in Gwangneung experimental forest after 4 years from thinning. Three different thinning intensities [control, 45%(T45), and 60%(T60) basal area reduction] were applied in 2004. Mean soil temperature and soil water content were $8.9^{\circ}C$ and 14.3% for control, $10^{\circ}C$ and 16.1% for T45 and $10.2^{\circ}C$ and 16.1% for T60, respectively. Mean soil temperature and moisture content were significantly different among the treatment plots (p<0.05). Mean PAR in control, T45 and T60 was 44, 143 and178 ${\mu}mol/m^2$/sec, respectively and the differences were also statistically significant among the treatment plots (p<0.05). Mean annual diameter growth in control, T45 and T60 was 0.4, 1.5 and 1.2 mm, respectively. Diameter growth of Pinus koraiensis was steadily increased after thinning in comparison to control. Consequently, the results suggested that soil temperature, soil moisture content and light availability were likely to last beyond the 4 years after thinning in this Korean pine plantation.

본 연구는 서로 다른 강도로 간벌 시행 후 4년이 경과한 경기도 광릉시험림 내 46년생 잣나무(Pinus koraiensis Siebold et Zuccarini) 인공림에서 간벌 강도가 토양 온도, 수분, 광 유효도(photosynthetically active radiation, PAR) 및 직경 생장량 변화에 미치는 초기 영향에 대하여 알아보고자 수행되었다. 간벌은 2004년 흉고단면적($m^2$/ha)을 기준으로 45%(T45)와 60%(T60)를 제거하는 방법으로 실시되었다. 대조구, T45 및 T60의 평균 토양 온도는 각각 8.9, 10.0, $10.2^{\circ}C$, 평균 토양 수분 함량은 14.3, 16.1, 16.1%이었으며, 평균 토양 온도는 대조구 포함 각 처리구 사이에서, 평균 토양 수분 함량은 대조구와 간벌 처리구간 통계적으로 그 차이가 인정되었다(p<0.05). 대조구, T45 및 T60의 평균 PAR는 각각 44, 143, 178 ${\mu}mol/m^2$/sec로 나타나 각 처리구 간 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 인정되었다(p<0.05). 간벌 후 4년간 측정한 연평균 직경 생장량은 대조구, T45 및 T60에서 각각 0.4, 1.5, 1.2 mm으로 조사되어 간벌 처리구가 대조구에 비해 직경 생장량이 높았다. 결론적으로 간벌 후 4년이 경과한 시점에서도 토양 온도, 수분 및 임분 내 유입되는 광 유효도는 지속적으로 간벌에 의해 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

References

  1. 박영대, 이돈구, 김동엽. 1999. 경기도 광주 지방 잣나무림, 낙엽송림, 활엽수림에서 수관통과우, 수간류, 토양수내 양료동태. 한국임학회지 88(4): 541-554.
  2. 산림청. 2009. 임업통계연보 (http://www.forest.go.kr).
  3. 이경학, 정영교, 손영모. 1998. 경기도 포천지방 35년생 잣나무인공림의 바이오매스에 관한 연구. 한국산림측정학회지 1(1): 61-68.
  4. 이돈구, 김갑태. 1997. 경기도 광주지방에서 자라는 참나무류, 낙엽송 및 잣나무의 수형특성과 물질분배. 한국임학회지 86(2): 208-213.
  5. 이명종. 1998. 강원도 지방 잣나무 인공림의 임령변화에 따른 지상부 현존량과 양분축적. 한국임학회지 87(2):276-285.
  6. 이상태, 배상원, 장석창, 황재홍, 정준모, 김현섭. 2009. 지역별 잣나무의 연륜생장과 기후인자와의 관계 연구. 한국임학회지 98(6): 733-739.
  7. 이현규. 1998. 잣나무 임분의 임내강우량에 관한 연구. 한국임학회지 87(4): 562-571.
  8. 전상근, 신만용, 정동준, 장용석, 김명수. 1999. 지역별 잣나무의 초기생장 특성과 미기후의 영향. 한국임학회지 88(1): 73-85.
  9. 한상섭, 박완근. 1988. 잣나무와 소나무의 직경생장과 Key-Year. 한국임학회지 77(2): 216-222.
  10. 황재홍, 손요환. 2002. 리기다소나무와 낙엽송 임분에서 간벌, 석회 시비 및 낙엽층 처리가 토양 발생 이산화탄소 및 낙엽 분해에 미치는 영향. 한국임학회지 91(4):471-479.
  11. Baumler, R. and Zech, W. 1997. Atmospheric deposition and impact of forest thinning on the throughfall of mountain forest ecosystems in the Bavarian Alps. Forest Ecology and Management 95: 243-251. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(97)00039-X
  12. Bhatti, J.S. 2000. Simulations of pre- and post-harvest soil temperature, soil moisture, and snowpack for jack pine : comparison with field observations. Forest Ecology and Management 138(1-3): 413-426. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(00)00427-8
  13. Carlyle, J.C. 1998. Relationships between nitrogen uptake, leaf area, water status and growth in an 11-year-old Pinus radiata plantation in response to thinning, thinning residue, and nitrogen fertiliser. Forest Ecology and Management 108: 41-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(97)00333-2
  14. Harrington, C.A. and Reukema, D.L. 1983. Initial shock and long-term stand development following thinning in a Douglas-fir plantation. Forest Science 29(1): 33-46.
  15. Hwang, J. and Son, Y. 2006. Short-term effects of thinning and liming on forest soils of pitch pine and Japanese larch plantations in central Korea. Ecological Research 21: 671-680. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11284-006-0170-1
  16. Lefrançois, M.-L., Beaudet, M. and Messier, C. 2008. Crown openness as influenced by tree and site characteristics for yellow birch, sugar maple, and eastern hemlock. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 38: 488-497.
  17. McDowell, N.G., Adams, H.D., Bailey, J.D. and Kolb, T.E. 2007. The role of stand density on growth efficiency, leaf area index, and resin flow in southwestern ponderosa pine forests. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 37: 343-355. https://doi.org/10.1139/X06-233
  18. Munoz, F., Rubilar, R., Espinosa, M., Cancino, J., Toro, J. and Herrera, M. 2008. The effect of pruning and thinning on above aerial biomass of Eucalyptus nitens (Deane & Maiden) Maiden. Forest Ecology and Management 255: 365-373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2007.09.063
  19. Park, B.B., Kim, Y.K. and Lee, S.I. 2007. Effects of silvicultural treatments on carbon storage of northern hardwood forests. Journal of Korean Forest Society 96(2): 208-213.
  20. Peltola, H., Miina, J., Rouvinen, I. and Kellomäki, S. 2002. Effect of early thinning on the diameter growth distribution along the stem of Scots pine. Silva Fennica 36(4): 813-825.
  21. Pothier, D. 2002. Twenty-year results of precommercial thinning in a balsam fir stand. Forest Ecology and Management 168: 177-186. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(01)00738-1
  22. Prescott, C.E. 1997. Effects of clearcutting and alternative silvicultural systems on rates of decomposition and nitrogen mineralization in a coastal montane coniferous forest. Forest Ecology and Management 95: 253-260. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(97)00027-3
  23. Prevost, M. 2008. Effect of cutting intensity on microenvironmental conditions and regeneration dynamics in yellow birch - conifer stands. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 38: 317-330. https://doi.org/10.1139/X07-168
  24. Son, Y., Hwang, J.W., Kim, Z.S., Lee, W.K. and Kim, J.S. 2001. Allometry and biomass of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) in central Korea. Bioresource Technology 78: 251-255. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00012-8
  25. Son, Y., Lee, Y.Y., Jun, Y.C. and Kim, Z.-S. 2004a. Light availability and understory vegetation four years after thinning in a Larix leptolepis plantation of central Korea. Journal of Forest Resources 9: 133-139. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10310-003-0071-x
  26. Son, Y., Jun, Y.C., Lee, Y.Y., Kim, R.H. and Yang, S.Y. 2004b. Soil $CO_2$ evolution, litter decomposition, and nitrogen availability 4 years after thinning in a Japanese larch plantation. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 35(7&8): 1111-1122.
  27. Son, Y., Seo, K.Y., Kim, R.H., Koo, J.W., Yi, M.J. and Kim, J.H. 2005. Biomass and nutrient distribution of Pinus koraiensis seedlings invading a mixed forest dominated by Quercus mongolica. Forest Science Technology 1: 8-12. https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2005.9656262
  28. Son, Y., Noh, N.J., Kim, R.H., Koo, J.W. and Yi, M.J. 2007. Biomass and nutrients of planted and naturally occurring Pinus koraiensis in Korea. Eurasian Journal of Forest Research 10(1): 41-50.
  29. SPSS. 2000. SPSS Version 10.1 [computer software]. SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL.
  30. Wang, J.R., Simard, S.W. and Kimmins, J.P. 1995. Physiological responses of paper birch to thinning in British Columbia. Forest Ecology and Management 73: 177-184. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(94)03489-J