Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
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Physicochemical Characteristics and Physiological Activities of Naturally Fermented Glasswort (Salicornia herbacea L.) Juice

자연발효 함초액의 이화학적 특성 및 생리활성

  • Park, Sun-Young (Dept. of Food Engineering and Solar Salt Biotechnology Research Center, Mokpo National University) ;
  • Cho, Jeong-Yong (Dept. of Food Engineering and Solar Salt Biotechnology Research Center, Mokpo National University) ;
  • Chung, Dong-Ok (Dept. of Culinary Art, Chodang University) ;
  • Ham, Kyung-Sik (Dept. of Food Engineering and Solar Salt Biotechnology Research Center, Mokpo National University)
  • 박선영 (목포대학교 식품공학과 및 천일염생명과학연구소) ;
  • 조정용 (목포대학교 식품공학과 및 천일염생명과학연구소) ;
  • 정동옥 (초당대학교 조리과학부) ;
  • 함경식 (목포대학교 식품공학과 및 천일염생명과학연구소)
  • Received : 2011.07.04
  • Accepted : 2011.09.30
  • Published : 2011.11.30
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Abstract

We investigated the physicochemical properties and physiological activities of glasswort juice fermented naturally for different periods of time. Glasswort juice fermented for six years (LFGJ) showed higher crude fiber and lower NaCl content than glasswort juice fermented for two years (SFGJ). Fermented glasswort juice contained K, Mg, and Ca as the main minerals, and the mineral content in both SFGJ and LFGJ were similar. The main free amino acids of fermented glasswort juice were determined to be alanine, proline, aspartic acid, and lysine. The leucine and aspartic acid content in LFGJ was higher than that in SFGJ. SFGJ had higher 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS$^+$) radical-scavenging activities than LFGJ. Fermented glasswort juice showed high ACE inhibition and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition activities regardless of how long it was fermented. An oral glucose tolerance test was carried out in rats fed diets containing 4% NaCl (control) or 4% NaCl+2% LFGJ (LFGJ). The LFGJ group showed enhanced glucose tolerance compared to the control group.

본 연구는 함초를 이용한 응용제품의 하나로 자연발효된 함초발효액에 대한 기초자료를 제공하고자, 함초와 당을 혼합하여 2년 혹은 6년간 발효시킨 다음 여과하여 얻어진 여액을 상온에서 자연 발효시키며 함초발효액의 이화학적 특성 및 생리활성을 조사하였다. 함초발효액의 당 함량은 45%내외로 이는 당침출에 의한 제조 방법 때문이며, Na을 제외한 주요 무기질은 K, Mg 그리고 Ca으로, 그중 K 함량이 가장 높게 나타났다. 주요 유리아미노산은 alanine, proline, aspartic acid 그리고 lysine으로, 이들 일반성분들의 발효기간에 따른 차이는 거의 없었다. 총페놀성 화합물 함량은 약 50 CAE mg/100 mL이고, DPPH와 ABTS$^+$ radical-scavenging 활성은 ascorbic acid와 거의 유사할 정도의 활성을 보였다. 또한 함초발효액은 ACE 및 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase에 대해서도 저해 활성을 보였으며, 특히 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 저해 활성은 장기 발효된 함초발효액(LFGJ)에서 좀 더 높은 활성을 나타냈다. 이에 장기 발효된 함초발효액(LFGJ)을 4%의 고염식이군 실험쥐(SD rat)에 급여한 결과, 일반적인 특성은 대조군(4% 고염식이군)과 차이가 없었으나, 함초발효액군(FGJ; 4% 고염식이+2% LFGJ)의 체중증가량이 통계적 유의성은 없었으나 더 낮은 경향을 보였고, 포도당 내성 실험 결과, 함초발효액군(FGJ)에서 포도당 내성이 더 개선되는 것으로 조사되었다.

Keywords

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