Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
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Extraction of Liberated Reducing Sugars from Rapeseed Cake via Acid and Alkali Treatments

산 및 알칼리 처리에 의한 유채박의 유리당 추출

  • Jeong, Han-Seob (Dept. of Forest Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Ho-Yong (Dept. of Forest Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Ahn, Sye-Hee (Division of Life & Environmental Resources, Daegu University) ;
  • Oh, Sei-Chang (Division of Life & Environmental Resources, Daegu University) ;
  • Yang, In (School of Forest Resources, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Choi, In-Gyu (Dept. of Forest Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University)
  • 정한섭 (서울대학교 농업생명과학대학 산림과학부) ;
  • 김호용 (서울대학교 농업생명과학대학 산림과학부) ;
  • 안세희 (대구대학교 생명환경대학 산림자원학과) ;
  • 오세창 (대구대학교 생명환경대학 산림자원학과) ;
  • 양인 (충북대학교 농업생명환경대학 목재종이학과) ;
  • 최인규 (서울대학교 농업생명과학대학 산림과학부)
  • Received : 2011.07.28
  • Accepted : 2011.10.11
  • Published : 2011.11.30
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Abstract

Rapeseed cake, which is the organic waste remaining after rapeseed oil production, is readily available and considered an ecologically-friendly resource with very low cost and high dietary fiber content. This research was carried out for two reasons. First, it was done to analyze the liberated reducing sugar content of rapeseed cake. Second, it was done to investigate the effects on the sugar yield of the various concentrations of acidic and alkaline catalysts used for the hydrolysis of rapeseed cake and the concentrations of rapeseed cake in each catalyst. Several amounts of ground rapeseed cake, 0.5 g, 1 g, and 2 g, were put into 100 mL of catalysts such as sulfuric acid (0.5~2%), hydrochloric acid (0.5~2%), and sodium hydroxide (0.5~2%). Then they were hydrolyzed for 5 min at 121$^{\circ}C$. After hydrolysis, HPLC equipped with an RI detector was used to analyze liberated reducing sugars such as sucrose, glucose, galactose, fructose, and arabinose separated from rapeseed cake. The degradation rate of rapeseed cake was the highest in hydrochloric acid. As the catalyst concentrations used for hydrolysis of rapeseed cake increased, the degradation rate of rapeseed cake also significantly increased. Total reducing sugar content was the highest in hydrochloric acid, and it increased with the increase of catalyst concentrations. However, as the amount of rapeseed cake increased, the total reducing sugar content decreased, exceptionally sucrose in the case of sodium hydroxide.

본 연구에서는 유채박 섬유질을 고부가가치로 활용하기에 앞서 적합한 화학적 전처리 조건을 찾고자, 산 및 알칼리 촉매로 다양한 조건 하에 처리한 후, 각 인자들에 따른 유채박의 분해율 및 유리당 함량을 측정하였다. 유채박은 $H_2SO_4$, HCl, NaOH 촉매 중 HCl 촉매 하에서 가장 효과적으로 분해되었으며, 특히 1%의 촉매 농도에서 높은 분해율을 보였다. 반면 $H_2SO_4$, HCl 촉매 하에서 유채박 투입량이 낮을수록 분해율이 증가하였으나, NaOH 촉매 하에서는 유채박 투입량에 따른 분해율 차이가 거의 관찰되지 않았다. 분해 후 측정된 총 유리당 함량은 HCl를 처리한 경우가 가장 높았으며, 유채박 투입량이 증가함에 따라 총 유리당 함량이 감소하였으나 이에 따른 영향은 미미했다. 또한 2% 촉매에서 총 유리당 함량이 높았으나 HCl 촉매의 경우 1%일 때가 다른 처리 조건들보다 총 유리당 함량이 높았다. 각각의 유리당으로는 $H_2SO_4$, HCl 촉매 하에서 glucose, galactose, arabinose, fructose가 주로 분리되었으며 NaOH 촉매 하에서는 대부분 sucrose가 분리되었다. 촉매 농도가 증가함에 따라 glucose, galactose 함량은 증가하였고, fructose 함량은 감소하였으며, 거의 모든 유리당에서 유채박 투입량이 증가함에 따라 그 함량이 감소하였다. 상기 결과를 종합해 보면 총 유리당은 유채박을 1% HCl를 사용하여 2 g/100 mL의 비율로 화학적 처리하는 것이 본 연구 범위 내에서 총 당을 분리해내는데 가장 우수한 것으로 조사되었으며 glucose, galactose는 2% HCl-0.5 g/100 mL, fructose는 0.5% $H_2SO_4$-0.5 g/100 mL 조건에서 효율적인 분리가 이루어짐을 확인하였다. 따라서 목표하는 당에 따라 적합한 촉매, 촉매 농도, 시료 투입량을 조절하여 분리해낼 수 있을 것으로 생각한다. 현재 분리되어 나온 당을 바탕으로 기능성 당 및 수용성 식이섬유를 얻는 연구를 수행하고 있으며, 실질적으로 대량의 당들을 순도 높게 얻기 위해서는 처리 규모(시료양, 촉매)를 늘리거나 각각의 당들을 효과적으로 정제하는 연구도 필요할 것으로 생각한다.

Keywords

References

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