Physico-Chemical Properties of Broccoli Sprouts Cultivated in a Plant Factory System with Different Lighting Conditions

식물공장 시스템에서 광원의 종류를 달리하여 재배한 브로콜리 새싹의 이화학적 특성

The physico-chemical properties of broccoli sprouts cultivated in a plant factory system with different lighting conditions were investigated. We reported that there were significant differences among the chemical and nutritional properties of the broccoli sprouts grown under different light sources. Two kinds of sugars (glucose and fructose) were detected in the plants. The amount of glucose was 2.94~3.12% and that of fructose was 1.54~2.04%. Total chlorophyll was $1,157{\pm}0.004$ mg% and chlorophyll-a $777{\pm}0.01$ mg%. All over the test materials, 2 kinds of organic acids (citric acid and malic acid) were detected. The level of citric acid was 908~1,136 mg% and its highest level was under the (Blue LED) light source. The level of malic acid was 514~834 mg% and its highest level was under the (Red LED) light source. Seven different minerals were also analyzed. The amount of K was 518 mg% and its amount was significantly higher than that of Mg or Na. There were also negligible amounts of Zn, Fe and Cu. The amounts of vitamin A, C and E under the Red LED were, $860.62{\pm}0.02\;{\mu}gRE$, $134.570{\pm}0.14$ mg% and $1.44{\pm}0.1$ IU. The amounts under the Blue LED were, $432.48{\pm}0.05\;{\mu}gRE$, $137.05{\pm}0.1$ mg% and $1.11{\pm}0.12$ IU. The amounts under both Red and Blue LEDs were, $667.33{\pm}0.11\;{\mu}gRE$, $118.50{\pm}0.09$ mg% and $1.47{\pm}0.1$ IU. And finally, the amounts under a White LED were, $640.25{\pm}0.08\;{\mu}gRE$, $119.87{\pm}0.07$ mg% and $1.31{\pm}0.15$ IU. In this study, significant changes were shown in the chemical and nutritional properties of the broccoli sprouts. These findings indicate that LED light sources stimulated germination of the plants.

LED광원에 따른 건조한 브로콜리 새싹의 일반성분을 분석한 결과 광원에 따라 유의적인 차이를 나타냈으며, 구성당은 glucose가 2.94~3.12%로 가장 많았고, fructose는 1.54~2.04% 검출되어 총 2종이 검출되었다. 클로로필 함량은 WLD(일반광원)을 쬐인 브로콜리 새싹에서 총 클로로필 함량 $1,157{\pm}0.004$ mg%, 클로로필 a $777{\pm}0.01$ mg%로 높게 나타났다. 유기산은 총 2종의 유기산이 검출되었으며, citric acid, malic acid는 모든 시료에서 검출되었고, citric acid 함량은 908~1,136 mg%로 청색광원(BLD)에서 가장 높게 측정되었으며, malic acid는 514~834 mg%로 적색광원(RLD)에서 가장 높은 함량을 보였다. 무기질은 총 7종의 성분이 검출되었고, 이중 K 함량이 518 mg%로 가장 많았으며, 다음으로 Mg, Na 순이었고, Zn, Fe, Cu의 함량은 미량이었다. 비타민 A와 C 및 E 함량은 각각 RLD $860.62{\pm}0.02\;{\mu}gRE$, $134.570{\pm}0.14$ mg%, $1.44{\pm}0.1$ IU, BLD $432.48{\pm}0.05\;{\mu}gRE$, $137.05{\pm}0.1$ mg%, $1.11{\pm}0.12$ IU, RBLD $667.33{\pm}0.11\;{\mu}gRE$, $118.50{\pm}0.09$ mg%, $1.47{\pm}0.1$ IU, WLD $640.25{\pm}0.08\;{\mu}gRE$, $119.87{\pm}0.07$ mg%, $1.31{\pm}0.15$ IU이었다. 이상의 결과 브로콜리 새싹은 LED 광원에 따라 식물체가 발아하여 새싹으로 되면 발아와 함께 식물체 내 영양 화학적 성분에 큰 변화를 일으키는 것으로 나타났다.