Environmental Engineering Research

  • 제16권3호
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  • Pages.113-119
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  • 2011
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  • 1226-1025(pISSN)
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  • 2005-968X(eISSN)
대한환경공학회 (Korean Society of Environmental Engineers)
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Rubbish, Stink, and Death: The Historical Evolution, Present State, and Future Direction of Water-Quality Management and Modeling

  • Chapra, Steven C. (Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Tufts University)
  • 투고 : 2011.08.10
  • 심사 : 2011.08.28
  • 발행 : 2011.09.30
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초록

This study traces the origin, evolution, and current state-of-the-art of engineering-oriented water-quality management and modeling. Three attributes of polluted water underlie human concerns for water quality: rubbish (aesthetic impairment), stink (ecosystem impairment), and death (public health impairment). The historical roots of both modern environmental engineering and water-quality modeling are traced to the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries when European and American engineers worked to control and manage urban wastewater. The subsequent evolution of water-quality modeling can be divided into four stages related to dissolved oxygen (1925-1960), computerization (1960-1970), eutrophication (1970-1977) and toxic substances (1977-1990). Current efforts to integrate these stages into unified holistic frameworks are described. The role of water-quality management and modeling for developing economies is outlined.

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