DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

고령자를 대상으로 12주간 운동이 대요근 및 대퇴부 근황단면적에 미치는 영향

Changes in Psoas Major and Quadriceps Cross Sectional Area in Elderly People after 12 Weeks of Exercise

  • ;
  • ;
  • ;
  • ;
  • ;
  • 김준동 (덕성여자대학교 생활체육학과) ;
  • 노호성 (경희대학교 스포츠의학과)
  • Tachi, Toshiki (Faculty of Business Administration, Shizuoka Sangyo University) ;
  • Oguri, Kazuo (Faculty of Business Administration, Shizuoka Sangyo University) ;
  • Torii, Suguru (Faculty of Sports Science, Waseda University) ;
  • Kobayashi, Kando (Research Center for Total Life Health and Sports Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo) ;
  • Fujii, Katsunori (Aichi Institute of Technology) ;
  • Kim, Jun-Dong (DukSung Women's University) ;
  • Nho, Ho-Sung (Kyung Hee University)
  • 투고 : 2010.06.30
  • 심사 : 2010.12.13
  • 발행 : 2011.01.30

초록

본 연구는 남녀 노인을 대상으로 12주간의 트레이닝을 실시한 후, 대요근과 대퇴부 근육의 근 횡단면적의 변화를 검토하였다. 연구 대상자는 65세에서 80세까지의 노인 58명(남성 30명, 여성 28명)이었으며, 대조군 19명과 운동군 39명으로 나누어 실시하였다. 측정항목은 신장, 체중, 체질량, 대요근과 대퇴부의 근 횡단면적을 측정하였다. 근육의 평가는 자기공명영상법(MRI)을 사용하여 실험 전, 후 실시하였다. 운동군은 대요근과 대퇴부 근육을 증가시키기 위하여 특별히 고안된 기계를 사용하여 평균 주 2일, 12주 동안 23번의 트레이닝을 실시하였다. 대요근의 측정부위는 L4와 L5의 중간부위를 분석하고, 대퇴부는 대퇴골과 무릎까지 길이를 나누어 50%부위에서 분석하였다. 트레이닝 후, 운동군의 대요근 근횡단면적은 9.4% 증가하였다(남성 11.5%, 여성 8.4%). 그러나 대퇴부 근 횡단면적은 남녀 모두 운동 후 증가경향은 나타나지 않았다. 또한 같은 기간 대조군의 근 횡단면적에서도 유의한 변화는 나타나지 않았다. 대요근은 자세 유지와 허리, 골반 및 대퇴부의 연결에 중요한 역할을 담당하기 때문에, 특히 노인의 이동활동에 중요하다고 사료된다. 본 연구에서는 새로이 개발된 트레이닝 기계를 사용하여 단기간트레이닝 후, 대요근 근 횡단면적의 증가를 확인하였으며, 이것은 노인들의 근력 및 이동능력의 향상 가능성이 시사되었다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether 12-weeks of movement training would increase the psoas major cross-sectional area (CSA) in senior men and women. Fifty eight men and women aged 65 to 80 years old ($69.6{\pm}3.7$, 30 male, 28 female) were divided into a control (n=19) and exercise group (n=39). Subjects were assessed before and after the training program for stature, body mass, and magnetic resonance imaging of the psoas major and the quadriceps muscle. The experimental group performed exercises using machines designed to improve the movement of the hip at a frequency of twice every week, with a total of 23 trainings in 12-weeks. Magnetic resonance images of both thighs and the abdomen and psoas major were obtained, aimed at 50% of the length of the greater trochanter and the lower edge of the femur and between the fourth (L4) and fifth (L5) lumbars. A 9.4% increase in the psoas major CSA in the training group was observed. In the male and female breakdown, a 11.5% and 8.4% change was observed in males and females, respectively. In the quadriceps, there was no significant statistical improvement in either males or females. Furthermore, in the control group, there was no significant change seen in either the psoas major or the quadriceps. As a result of conducting training that enables upkeep of posture and smooth linkage of the lumbar spine, the pelvis and thighbone, the psoas major CSA of older adults were improved in a short period of time. For this reason, the possibility of improving the psoas CSA, which decreases remarkably with increased age, by improving the linkage of the body trunk is also suggested.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Abe, T., F. Kearns, and T. Fukunaga. 2003. Sex differences in whole body skeletal muscle bass measured by magnetic resonance imaging and its distribution in young Japanese Adults. Br. J. Sports Med. 37, 436-440 https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.37.5.436
  2. Andersson, E., J. Nilsson, and A. Thorstensson. 1997. Intramuscular EMG from the hip flexor muscles during human locomotion. Acta Physiol. Scand. 161, 361-370. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-201X.1997.00225.x
  3. Andersson, E., L. Oddsson, H. Grundstrom, and A. Thorstensson. 1995. The role of the psoas and iliacus muscles for stability and movement of the lumbar spine, pelvis and hip. Scand J. Med. Sci. Sports. 5, 10-16.
  4. Campbell, W., J. Joseph, A. Anderson, L. Davey, J. Hinton, and J. Evans. 2002. Effects of resistive training and chromium picolinate on body composition and skeletal muscle size in older women. Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. 12, 125-35.
  5. Charette, S., L. McEvoy, G. Pyka, C. Snow-Harter, D. Guido, R. A. Wiswell, and R. Marcus. 1991. Muscle hypertrophy response to resistance training in older women. J. Appl. Physiol. 70, 1912-1916.
  6. Evans, W. and I. Rosenberg. 1992. Biomarkers. New York, Simon and Schuster.
  7. Fiatarone, M. A., E. C. Marks, N. D. Ryan, C. N. Meredith, L. A. Lipsitz, and W. J. Evans. 1990. High-intensity strength training in nonagenarians. Effects on skeletal muscle. J. Am. Med. 263, 3029-3034. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.263.22.3029
  8. Frontera, W. R., C. N. Meredith, K. P. O'Reilly, and W. J. Evans. 1990. Strength training and determinants of VO2max in older men. J. Appl. Physiol. 68, 329-333.
  9. Hasegawa, S., J. Okada, and K. Kato. 2008. Sex Differences in the muscle volume of the iliopsoas in the elderly. Japan J. Phys. Fit. Sports Med. 57, 131-140. https://doi.org/10.7600/jspfsm.57.131
  10. Hayakawa, K. and K. Kobayashi. 2008. Effect on training with cognitive movement training machine for mental disabilities children. Japan Hum. Growth Develop. Res. 37, 8-48.
  11. Hoshikawa, Y., M. Muramatsu, and T. Iida. 2005. Age-related differences in cross- sectional area of psoas major muscle and fat-free mass in soccer players. J. Sport. Sci. Exerc. Train. 21, 33-44.
  12. Hoshikawa, Y., M. Muramatsu, T. Iida, A. Uchiyama, Y. Nakajima, H. Kanehisa, and T. Fukunaga. 2006. Influence of the psoas major and thigh muscularity on 100-m times in junior sprinters. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 38, 2138-2143. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000233804.48691.45
  13. Kim, J. D., S. Kuno, R. Soma, K. Masuda, K. Adachi, T. Nishijima, M. Ishizu, and M. Okada. 2000. Relationship between reduction of hip joint and thigh muscle and walking ability in elderly people. Japan J. Phys. Fit. Sports Med. 49, 589-596.
  14. Kobayashi, K. 1996. Development and Invention of Sprint Training Machine. Japan J. Sport. Sci. 15, 291-296
  15. Kubo, J., A. Ohta, H. Takahashi, T. Kukidome, and K. Funato. 2007. The development of trunk muscles in male wrestlers assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. J. Strength Cond. Res. 21, 1251-1254.
  16. Kubo, K., H. Kanehisa, K. Azuma, M. Ishizu, S. Kuno, M. Okada, and T. Fukunaga. 2003. Muscle architectural characteristics in young and elderly men and women. Int. J. Sports Med. 24, 125-130. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2003-38204
  17. Kuno, S. 2002. Resistance training of older adults. J. Health Phys. Edu. Rec. 52, 617-625.
  18. Larsson, L. 1982. Physical training effects on muscle morphology in sedentary males at different ages. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 14, 203-206. https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-198203000-00009
  19. Lee, L., K. Zavarei, J. Evans, J. Lelas, P. Riley, and C. Kerrigan. 2005. Reduced hip extension in the Elderly: Dynamic or postural? Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 86, 1851-1854. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2005.03.008
  20. Moritani, T. 1980. Devries potential for gross muscle hypertrophy in older men. J. Gerontol. 35, 672-682. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/35.5.672
  21. Nelson, M. E., M. A. Fiatarone, C. M. Morganti, I. Trice, R. A. Greenberg, and W. J. Evans. 1994. Effects of high-intensity strength training on multiple risk factors for osteoporotic fractures. A randomized controlled trial. J. Am. Med. 272, 1909-1914.
  22. Ogiso, K. 2001. Trunk movement in running. J. Health Phys. Edu. Rec. 51, 438-443.
  23. Ozaki, H., M. Sakamaki, T. Yasuda, S. Fujita, R. Ogasawara, M. Sugaya, T. Nakajima, and T. Abe. 2010. Increases in thigh muscle volume and strength by walk training with leg blood flow reduction in older participants. J. Gerontol. Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. [Epub ahead of print].
  24. Parkkola, R., U. Kujala, and U. Rytokoski. 1992. Response of the trunk muscles to training assessed by magnetic resonance imaging and muscle strength. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 65, 383-387. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00243501
  25. Peltonen, J. E., S. Taimela, M. Erkintalo, J. J. Salminen, A. Oksanen, and U. M. Kujala. 1998. Back extensor and psoas muscle cross-sectional area, prior physical training, and trunk muscle strength--a longitudinal study in adolescent girls. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 77, 66-71.
  26. Santaguida, P. L. and S. M. McGill. 1995. The psoas major muscle: a three-dimensional geometric study. J. Biom. 28, 339-345. https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9290(94)00064-B
  27. Taafe, D. R., L. Pruitt, G. Pyka, D. Guido, and R. Marcus. 1996. Comparative effects of high and low intensity resistance training on thigh muscle strength, fiber area, and tissue composition in elderly women. Clin. Physiol. 16, 381-392. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-097X.1996.tb00727.x
  28. Takahashi, K., H. E. Takahashi, H. Nakadaira, and M. Yamamoto. 2006. Different changes of quantity due to aging in the psoas major and quadriceps femoris muscles in women. J. Musculo. Skeletal Neuronal Inter. 6, 201-205.
  29. Trappe, T. A., D. M. Lindquist, and J. A. Carrithers. 2001. Muscle-specific atrophy of the quadriceps femoris with aging. J. Appl. Physiol. 90, 2070-2074.

피인용 문헌

  1. Effects of Six-week Resistance Exercise using an Outdoor Knee Extension Machine on Function and Structure of the Knee Extensor Muscles vol.22, pp.2, 2012, https://doi.org/10.5103/KJSB.2012.22.2.201