Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Impact of the Diversity Management on the Workforce Composition and Financial Performance

다양성관리가 조직인력구성과 재무성과에 미치는 영향

  • Received : 2010.11.30
  • Accepted : 2011.01.13
  • Published : 2011.01.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Even though Korea has long experienced single race/ethnic demographic composition, the recent rapid change of demographic diversity will have powerful impact on the HRM(human resource management) in the future. In this research we find the influence of the diversity friendly HRM to the human resource practices using the data of WPS(Workplace Panel Survey) of Korea Labor Institute. If the training for women is high, the density of the woman increased. The performance pay is introduced, then the density of the disabled person would be increased. The foreign workforce was also increased if the company used more selection methods. But the HRM practices such as talent management, yearly-based compensation systems, and appraisal program which has a tendency to reduce diversity have no significant influence to the financial performance. This findings imply that the management team should introduce the effective HRM systems to manage diverse human resources after considering the organizational culture and business environment. This research intends to find the diversity friendly HRM practices and hope to help the efforts of the management team to find effective management methods.

단일민족으로 오랫동안 지내왔던 한국사회의 구성원들이 급속하게 다양화되면서 앞으로 한국 조직 내 인적자원관리에서 다양성이 차지하는 비중은 늘어날 것이다. 본 연구에서는 한국노동연구원 사업체패널자료를 활용하여 다양성 친화적인 인적자원관리가 조직의 인력구성에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 실증분석에 따른 주요결과들로는 여성인력에 대한 훈련비중이 높으면 여성인력 구성비율이 증가되며, 임금에서 이익분배와 집단성과급제도가 차지하는 비중이 높은 기업은 장애인 비율이 높고, 다수의 모집제도를 활용하는 기업에서는 외국인 근로자 비율이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 인력다양성 확대를 억제할 가능성이 있는 인적자원관리제도(핵심인력관리제, 연봉제, 인사고과제)에 비하여 다양성 친화형 인적자원관리제도는 기업의 재무성과에 유의한 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 기업은 처해진 경영상황과 조직문화에 따라 인력구조의 다양성과 경쟁력을 효과적으로 관리하는 인적자원관리제도를 구상하여야 할 것이다. 본 연구는 다양성 친화형 인적자원관리제도를 형성하는데 있어서 경영성과에 근거하여 주요 세부제도들이 어떻게 효과적으로 형성되어야 할 것인지에 대한 시사점을 주는데 의의가 있다.

Keywords

References

  1. 김은미, 양옥경, 이해영, 다문화사회 연구 (Multicultural society of Korea), 나남사, 2009.
  2. 배종석, 인적자원론:사람기반 경쟁우위를 위한, 홍문사, 2006.
  3. 유경준,황수경, 차별의 사회적 비용 연구, 한국개발연구원, 한국여성개발원, 2004.
  4. Barron, L. G. and Sackett, P. R., "Asian variability in performance rating modesty and leniency bias". Journal of Vocational Behavior, 21(1), pp. 277-290, 2008.
  5. Bergman, B., "The validation of the women workplace culture questionnaire: Gender-related stress and health for Swedish working women", Sex Roles, 49(5/6), pp. 287-297, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024608525133
  6. Block, C. J., Roberson, L. and Neuger, D. A., "White racial identity theory: A framework for understanding reactions toward interracial situations in organizations". Journal of Vocatinal Behavior, 48(1), pp. 71-188, 2005.
  7. Buckley, R. M., Jackson, K. A., Bolino, M. C., Veres, J. G. III. and Feild, H.S., "The influence of relational demography on panel interview ratings: A field experiment". Journal of Vocatinal Behavior, 60(1), pp. 627-646, 2007.
  8. Chatman, J. A. and Flynn, F. J., "The influence of demographic heterogeneity on the emergence and consequences of cooperative norms in work teams". Academy of Management Journal, 44, pp. 956-974, 2001. https://doi.org/10.2307/3069440
  9. Cohen, J., Cohen, P., West, S. G. and Aiken, L. S., Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences, 3rd ed., Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 2003.
  10. Fields, D. L., Goodman, J. S. and Blum, T. C., "Human resource dependence and organizational demography: A study of minority employment in private sector companies". Journal of Management, Vol. 31, No 2, pp. 167-185, 2005.
  11. Finkel, Steven E., "Causal Analysis with Panel Data, Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences", A Sage University Paper Series 105, Sage Publications, 1995.
  12. Florey, A. T. and Harrison, D., "Responses to informal accommodation requests from employees with disabilities", Academy of Management Journal, 43(2), pp. 224-233, 2000. https://doi.org/10.2307/1556379
  13. Gerhart, B., Wright, P.M., McMahan, G.C. and Snell, S.A, "Measurement error in research on the human resources and firm performance relationship: Further evidence and analysis", Personnel Psychology, 53, pp. 855-872, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2000.tb02420.x
  14. Goodman, J. S., Felds, D. L. and Blum, T. C., "Cracks in the glass ceiling: In what kinds of organizations women make it to the top?". Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 28, No 4, pp. 475-501, 2003.
  15. Hirschfeld, R. R., Jordan, M. H., Feild, H. S,, Giles, W. F. and Armenakis, A. A., "Teams' female representation and perceived potency as inputs to team outcomes in a predominantly male field setting". Personnel Psychology, 58(1), pp. 893-924, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2005.00892.x
  16. Hollensbe, E. C., Khazanchi, S. and Masterson, S. S., "How do I assess if my supervisor and organization are fair? Identifying the rules underlying entity-based justice perceptions", Academy of Management Journal 51(6), pp. 1099-1116, 2008. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2008.35732600
  17. Huselid, M. A. and Becker, B. E, "Comment on "Measurement error in research on human resources and firm performance: How much error is there and how does it influence effect size estimates?" by Gerhart, Wright, McMahan, and Snell", Personnel Psychology, 53, pp. 835-854, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2000.tb02419.x
  18. Kanter, R. M., Men and Women of the Corporation, Basic Books: NY., 1977.
  19. Kossek, E. E. and Zonia, S. S., "Assessing diversity climate: A field study of reactions to employer efforts to promote diversity", Journal of Organizational Behavior, 14(1), pp. 61-81, 1993. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030140107
  20. Kravitz, D. A., "The diversity-validity dilemma: Beyond selection-the role of affirmative action", Personnel Psychology, 61(2), pp. 173-193, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2008.00110.x
  21. McKay, P. F., Avery, D. R. and Morris, M. A., "A tale of two climates: Diversity climate from subordinates' and managers' perspectives and their role in store unit sales performance", Personnel Psychology 62(4), pp. 767-791, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2009.01157.x
  22. McMahan, G. C., Bell, M. P., and Virick, M., "Strategic human resource management: Employee involvement, diversity, and international issues", Human Resource Management Review, 8(3), 193-214, 1998. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-4822(98)90002-X
  23. Miles, R. E., and Snow, C. C., "Designing Strategic Human Resources Systems", Organizational Dynamics, Summer, 36-52, 1984.
  24. Mohammed, S. and Angell, L. C., "Surface-and deep-level diversity in workgroups: examining the moderating effects of team orientation and team process on relationships. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25, pp. 1015-1039, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.293
  25. Mor Barack, M. E., Managing Diversity: Toward a globally inclusive workplace Thousand Oaks, Sage Publications, 2005.
  26. Price, K., Harrison, H., Gavin, J. and Florey, A. T., "Time, teams, and task performance: Changing effects of surface-and deep-level on group functioning". Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 45, No 5, pp. 1029-1045, 2002. https://doi.org/10.2307/3069328
  27. Pulakos, E. D. and Wexley, K. N., "The relationship among perceptual similarity, sex, and performance ratings in manager-subordinate". Academy of Management Journal, 26(1), pp. 129-139, 1983 https://doi.org/10.2307/256139
  28. Reskin, B. F. and McBier, D. B., "Why not ascription? Organizations' employment of male and female managers". American Sociological Review, Vol. 65, No 2, pp. 210-233, 2000. https://doi.org/10.2307/2657438
  29. Scullen, S. E., Mount, M. K. and Goff, M., "Understanding the latent structure of job performance ratings". Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(6), pp. 956-970, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.85.6.956
  30. Terpstra, D. E. and Rozell, E. J., "The relationship of staffing practices to organizational level measures of performance". Personnel Psychology, Vol. 46, No. 1, pp. 27-48, 1993.
  31. Tsui, A. S. and Gutek, B. A., "A role set analysis of gender differences in performance, affective relationships, and career success of industrial middle managers". Academy of Management Journal 27(3), pp. 619-635. 1984. https://doi.org/10.2307/256049
  32. Vegt, V. D. and　Bunderson, S. J., "Learning and performance in multidisciplinary teams: The importance of collective team identification". Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 48, No 3, pp. 532-547, 2005. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2005.17407918
  33. Wilk, S. L. and Cappelli, P., "Understanding the determinants of employer use of selection methods". Personnel Psychology, Vol. 56, No. 1, pp. 103-124. 2003 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2003.tb00145.x