The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY (한국해양학회지:바다)

The Korean Society of Oceanography (한국해양학회)
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Variations in Nutrients & CO2 Uptake Rates and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Saccharina japonica from the South Coast of Korea

다시마(Saccharina japonica)의 생장에 따른 영양염 및 CO2 흡수율과 광합성 특성 변화

  • Hwang, Jae-Ran (Marine Environment Research Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute(NFRDI)) ;
  • Shim, Jeong-Hee (Marine Environment Research Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute(NFRDI)) ;
  • Kim, Jeong-Bae (Marine Environment Research Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute(NFRDI)) ;
  • Kim, Sook-Yang (Marine Environment Research Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute(NFRDI)) ;
  • Lee, Yong-Hwa (Marine Environment Research Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute(NFRDI))
  • 황재란 (국립수산과학원 어장환경과) ;
  • 심정희 (국립수산과학원 어장환경과) ;
  • 김정배 (국립수산과학원 어장환경과) ;
  • 김숙양 (국립수산과학원 어장환경과) ;
  • 이용화 (국립수산과학원 어장환경과)
  • Received : 2011.10.07
  • Accepted : 2011.11.10
  • Published : 2011.11.30
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Abstract

To investigate the contribution of macroalgae to biogeochemical nutrients and carbon cycles, we measured the uptake rates of nutrients and $CO_2$ and characteristics of fluorescence of Saccharina japonica (Laminaria japonica Areschoug) using an incubation method in an acrylic chamber. From January to May 2011, S.japonica was sampled at Ilkwang, one of well-known macroalgae culture sites around Korea and ranged 46~288 cm long and 4.8~22.0 cm wide of whole thallus. The production rate of dissolved oxygen by S. japonica (n=25) was about $6.9{\pm}5.8{\mu}mol\;g^{-1}$ fresh weight(FW) $h^{-1}$. The uptake rate of total dissolved inorganic carbon ($TCO_2$), calculated by total alkalinity and pH, was $8.9{\pm}7.9{\mu}mol\;g^{-1}\;FW\;h^{-1}$. Mean nutrients uptake were $175.6{\pm}161.1\;nmol\;N\;g^{-1}\;FW\;h^{-1}$ and $12.7{\pm}10.1\;nmol\;P\;g^{-1}\;FW\;h^{-1}$. There were logarithmic relationships between thallus length and uptake rates of nutrients and $CO_2$, which suggested that younger specimens (<100-150 cm) were much more efficient at nutrients and $CO_2$ uptake than old specimens > 150 cm. There was a positive linear correlation ($r^2$=9.4) existed between the dissolved oxygen production rate and the $TCO_2$ uptake rate, suggesting that these two factors may serve as good indicators of S. japonica photosynthesis. There was also positive linear relationship between maximal quantum yield ($F_v/F_m$) and production/uptake rates of dissolved oxygen, $TCO_2$ and phosphate, suggested that $F_v/F_m$ could be used as a good indicator of photosynthetic ability and $TCO_2$ consumption of macroalgae. Maximum relative electron transport rate ($rETR_{max}$) of S. japonica increased as thallus grew and was high in distal part of thallus which may be resulted from the increase of photosynthetic cell density per area. The annual $TCO_2$ uptake by S. japonica in Gijang area was estimated about $1.0\sim1.7{\times}10^3C$ ton, which was about 0.02-0.03% of carbon dioxide emission in Busan City. Thus, more research should be focused on macroalgae-based biogeochemical cycles to evaluate the roles and contributions of macroalgae to the global carbon cycle.

국내 해조류 양식종인 다시마(Saccharina japonica (Laminaria japonica Areschoug))의 영양염 및 무기탄소 흡수율과 광합성 특성을 살펴보기 위해, 부산시 기장군 일광해역 양식장에서 2011년 l월부터 5월동안 시료를 채집하여 실내 배양하였다. 배양 시료의 엽장과 엽폭 범위는 각각 46~288 cm, 4.8~22.0 cm였으며, 이들의 용존산소 평균 생산율은 $6.9{\pm}5.8{\mu}mol\;g^{-1}$ fresh weight(FW) $h^{-1}$, 질산염과 인산염 흡수율은 각각 $175.6{\pm}161.1\;nmol\;g^{-1}\;FW\;h^{-1}$, $12.7{\pm}10.1\;nmol\;g^{-1}\;FW\;h^{-1}$ 그리고 용존무기탄소 흡수율은 $8.9{\pm}7.9{\mu}mol\;g^{-1}\;FW\;h^{-1}$이었다. 다시마 엽장에 따른 이들 성분의 생산/흡수율은 로그함수 관계를 보여, 엽장 100~150 cm 이상부터는 다시마의 광합성 및 생장율이 다소 둔화되는 것으로 나타났다. 용존 산소 생산율과 질산염, 인산염, $TCO_2$ 흡수율은 각각 음의 선형관계를 보였으며, 특히 용존산소 생산율과 $TCO_2$ 흡수율은 높은 상관관계 ($r^2$=0.94)를 나타내어 서로에 대한 간접 지표가 될 수 있음을 의미한다. 다시마의 최대양지수율($F_v/F_m$)과 용존산소 및 무기탄소 생산/흡수율사이에 선형관계가 나타났으며, 양자수율이 높을수록 활발한 광합성작용으로 용존산소 생산이 활발함을 증명하였다. 광합성 형광특성 중 최대상대전자전달률은 비교적 엽체가 생장할수록 증가하였으며, 엽체의 부착부에 비해 상부 말단으로 갈수록 증가하였다. 이는 다시마가 생장할수록 광합성활성 조직 비(단위 면적당 습중량)가 증가하여 나타난 결과로 사료된다. 기장해역에서 다시마에 의한 연간 무기탄소 흡수량은 $1.0\sim1.7{\times}10^3C$ ton으로 추정되며, 이는 부산시 이산화탄소 배출량의 0.02~0.03%에 해당한다. 따라서 해조류에 의한 연안의 탄소 및 물질순환과 지구시스템에서의 역할을 파악하기 위해 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 국립수산과학원

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