Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회지)

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
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Physicochemical Properties of Taro Flours with Different Drying, Roasting and Steaming Conditions

토란분말의 건조, 볶음 및 증자 조건에 따른 이화학적 특성

  • Received : 2011.06.07
  • Accepted : 2011.08.21
  • Published : 2011.12.31
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Abstract

To evaluate the processing adaptability of taro flours, the physicochemical properties of taro flour with different drying, roasting and steaming conditions were investigated. The moisture content and total dietary fiber were decreased as temperature increased with hot-air drying. Freeze-dried taro flours showed the highest vitamin C contents. Taro flours made by freeze-drying and hot-air drying showed significantly higher total dietary fiber content than those with roasting and steaming process. Steamed taro flours had the highest water absorption index, while hot-air dried and freeze dried taro flours had the highest water solubility index. No differences were displayed in the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermal characteristics among hot-air dried and freeze dried taro flours. Roasted taro displayed decreased onset temperature and peak temperature as roasting temperature increased. Using a rapid visco-analyzer, the peak viscosity, through viscosity, and final viscosity of dried and steamed taro flours were higher than roasted taro flours, whereas the set back value, which is a prediction of retrogradation, decreased with steaming processing. From those results, it could be concluded that hotair dried taro flours, which have high gelatinization viscosity, are beneficial in imparting viscosity to dough products and hot-air drying after steaming taro flours, which retard retrogradation, is good for porridge and flake base products.

토란분말의 가공 활용도를 높이기 위해서 열풍건조, 동결건조, 건조 후 로스팅 및 증자 후 건조 처리하는 가공공정을 이용하여 토란분말을 제조하였으며, 이들의 영양성분 및 이화학적 특성의 변화를 관찰하여 가공적성을 검토하였다. 토란분말의 수분함량과 식이섬유 함량은 열풍건조 온도가 높아질수록 감소하였고 비타민 C 함량은 동결 건조한 토란분말에서 가장 높았다. 건조 후 로스팅하거나 증자 후 건조 처리한 토란분말의 식이섬유 함량은 열풍 건조나 동결 건조한 분말에 비해 감소하였다. 수분흡수지수는 상대적으로 증자 후 건조 처리한 분말에서 높게 나타났고 수분용해 지수는 열풍건조 및 동결 건조한 토란분말에서 높게 나타났다. DSC를 이용한 토란분말의 호화 중 열역학적 특성은 열풍건조와 동결 건조한 토란분말에서 유의성 있는 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 건조 후 로스팅 처리 온도가 높아질수록 호화개시온도와 최대호화온도는 감소하였다. RVA 특성에서는 열풍 건조 시 온도가 높아질수록 호화개시온도가 점차 낮아지고 최고점도는 증가하였으며 전분입자가 붕괴되기 쉬운 정도를 나타내는 breakdown과 냉각 후 노화의 정도를 나타내는 setback의 수치도 높게 나타났다. 반면 증자후 건조 처리한 토란분말은 최고점도가 높게 나타났으나 breakdown 및 setback의 수치는 낮게 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때, 열풍 건조한 토란분말의 경우 식이섬유 함량이 높으며, 호화 시 점도가 높아 반죽제품의 점도부여에 적합할 것으로 판단되며, 증자 후 건조 처리한 토란분말의 경우 수분흡수지수가 다른 처리분말에 비해 높고 호화 시 점도가 높으면서 노화를 지연시키는 작용을 하기 때문에 죽이나 후레이크 같은 분말제품이나 dough의 첨가제로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

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