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Derivatization of Rice Wine Meal Using Commercial Proteases and Characterization of Its Hydrolysates

단백질가수분해효소를 이용한 탁주박의 가수분해 및 그 분해물의 특성

  • Kim, Chang-Won (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Institute of Life Science Resources, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Choi, Hyuk-Joon (Research & Development Department, BKbio) ;
  • Han, Bok-Kyung (Research & Development Department, BKbio) ;
  • Yoo, Seung-Seok (Department of Culinary and Foodservice Management, Sejong University) ;
  • Kim, Chang-Nam (Department of Hotel Baking Technology, Hyejeon University) ;
  • Kim, Byung-Yong (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Institute of Life Science Resources, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Baik, Moo-Yeol (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Institute of Life Science Resources, Kyung Hee University)
  • 김창원 (경희대학교 생명자원과학연구원 생명과학대학 식품공학과) ;
  • 최혁준 ((주)비케이바이오 연구소) ;
  • 한복경 ((주)비케이바이오 연구소) ;
  • 유승석 (세종대학교 호텔관광대학 외식경영학과) ;
  • 김창남 (혜전대학교 호텔제과제빵과) ;
  • 김병용 (경희대학교 생명자원과학연구원 생명과학대학 식품공학과) ;
  • 백무열 (경희대학교 생명자원과학연구원 생명과학대학 식품공학과)
  • Received : 2010.10.18
  • Accepted : 2011.09.23
  • Published : 2011.12.31

Abstract

With the goal of transforming rice protein from an insoluble to a soluble form to increase the industrial utilization of rice wine meal (RWM), RWM was derivatized using commercial proteases and the RWM hydrolysates were characterized. Eight commercial proteases were used individually or in combination for hydrolysis of RWM. The degree of hydrolysis was assessed by determining the soluble protein in supernatant using the Lowry assay, protein in precipitates using a semimicro Kjeldahl procedure, and gravimetrically by the weight difference before and after hydrolysis. Protamex, Alcalase and Protease N proteases were most effective for hydrolysis of RWM. Although these assessment methodologies displayed some variation, they generally showed a similar pattern. When the aforementioned three proteases were simultaneously used to treat RWM, no significant difference was observed between the three assays (p<0.05) indicating an absence of enzymatic synergy.

쌀부산물인 탁주박을 상업적으로 사용되는 8가지 protease를 최적화된 조건에서 단일 혹은 혼합 처리하여 수용성 단백질을 분리하였다. 이렇게 분리된 단백질을 Lowry, Kjeldahl 그리고 건조 방법 등 총 3가지 방법으로 분석을 한 결과 Protamex, Alcalase, Protease N이 가장 높은 분해율을 나타냈으며 이것을 이용하여 3가지 protease를 혼합하여 처리하였을 때 단일처리와 큰 차이가 없는 것을 알 수 있었다. 효소처리를 하여 얻어진 단백질의 사이즈를 알아보기 위해 SDS PAGE를 한 결과 어떠한 밴드도 형성이 되지 않았고 이는 단백질이 마커의 최소사이즈 15 kDa보다 작은 것을 의미한다. 즉 일단 단백질보다 사이즈가 작은 polypeptide나 amino acid로써 분해된 것을 뜻하고 실제로 섭취하였을 때는 trypsin이나 chymotrypsin의 효소적인 분해 없이도 흡수할 수 있는 식품첨가물로써 활용도가 높은 단백질로 분해 되었음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 아미노산의 경우 lysine의 함량이 적기 때문에 단백질의 유래가 탁주박에 존재하는 효모가 아닌 쌀이라는 것을 알 수 있었으며 총 아미노산의 함량은 효소 3개를 모두 혼합하였을 때 가장 높은 것을 알 수 있었다. 전체적으로 필수아미노산 8가지 중 4가지의 함량이 일반 쌀보다 높은 것을 알 수 있었는데 이것은 각 효소마다 작용하는 기질이 정해져 있고 효소의 개수가 많을수록 아미노산의 생성확률이 높아져서 총 아미노산의 함량이 효소를 모두 혼합하였을 때 가장 높아진 것으로 생각된다. 상대적으로 효소를 두 개 혹은 세 개로 혼합하였을 때 생성된 총 단백질 함량은 비슷하였지만 총 아미노산의 함량은 적었기 때문에 두 개의 효소를 혼합한 샘플들은 효소에 의해 아미노산으로 분해되지 못한 polypeptide가 모든 효소를 혼합한 샘플에 비해 더 많이 존재 할 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

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