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Selection of Representative Foods and 'Best-fit' Mapping of Other Foods for Estimation of a Comprehensive Exposure to Food Contaminants in a Korean Total Diet Study

한국인의 유해물질 식이 노출량 평가를 위한 대표식품 선정과 mapping

  • Koh, Eun-Mi (Nutrition Policy & Promotion Team, Korea Health Industry Development Institute) ;
  • Shin, Hye-Hyung (Nutrition Policy & Promotion Team, Korea Health Industry Development Institute) ;
  • Yon, Mi-Yong (Nutrition Policy & Promotion Team, Korea Health Industry Development Institute) ;
  • Nam, Eun-Jeong (Nutrition Policy & Promotion Team, Korea Health Industry Development Institute) ;
  • Lee, Yoon-Na (Nutrition Policy & Promotion Team, Korea Health Industry Development Institute) ;
  • Kim, Do-Hee (Nutrition Policy & Promotion Team, Korea Health Industry Development Institute) ;
  • Lee, Jee-Yeon (Nutrition Policy & Promotion Team, Korea Health Industry Development Institute) ;
  • Kim, Mee-Hye (Food Contaminants Division, Food Safety Evaluation Department, National Institute of Food & Drug Safety Evaluation) ;
  • Park, Sung-Kug (Food Contaminants Division, Food Safety Evaluation Department, National Institute of Food & Drug Safety Evaluation) ;
  • Choi, Hoon (Food Contaminants Division, Food Safety Evaluation Department, National Institute of Food & Drug Safety Evaluation) ;
  • Kim, Cho-Il (Nutrition Policy & Promotion Team, Korea Health Industry Development Institute)
  • 고은미 (한국보건산업진흥원 영양정책지원팀) ;
  • 신혜형 (한국보건산업진흥원 영양정책지원팀) ;
  • 연미영 (한국보건산업진흥원 영양정책지원팀) ;
  • 남은정 (한국보건산업진흥원 영양정책지원팀) ;
  • 이윤나 (한국보건산업진흥원 영양정책지원팀) ;
  • 김도희 (한국보건산업진흥원 영양정책지원팀) ;
  • 이지연 (한국보건산업진흥원 영양정책지원팀) ;
  • 김미혜 (식품의약품안전평가원 오염물질과) ;
  • 박성국 (식품의약품안전평가원 오염물질과) ;
  • 최훈 (식품의약품안전평가원 오염물질과) ;
  • 김초일 (한국보건산업진흥원 영양정책지원팀)
  • Received : 2011.09.21
  • Accepted : 2011.10.23
  • Published : 2011.12.31

Abstract

A food list representing the typical diet of Koreans was developed for a total diet study based on the 687 food items which appeared in the dietary intake data collected during the 2008 & 2009 Korea National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey. Food items included in 90% of the cumulative intake, items with a consumption frequency of 5% or higher and items contributing to 80% of cumulative fat intake were considered first. From the resulting 165 food items, 15 items were removed to avoid similar foods, while 10 distinct items were added to increase the efficiency of 'best-fit' mapping. Consequently, 160 items were selected as representative foods, which cover 90.93% of intake amount, 91.36% of energy intake and 89.05% of fat intake. Given that every food consumed by Koreans can't be analyzed for contaminants of interest, mapping other foods to the previously mentioned representative 160 foods is warranted because it enables a more comprehensive dietary exposure assessment that is close to reality.

한국형 TDS에 필요한 차별화된 포괄적인 식품목록을 도출하기 위해, 가장 최근에 실시된 2009년 TDS에서 사용된 것과 동일한 식품섭취량 자료를 사용하여 대표식품 선정기준을 확대 보완하고 그 결과를 비교하였다. 식품별 섭취량 누적비율 90%까지 확대, 섭취빈도 5% 이상으로 확대 및 추가 고려요인으로 지용성 오염물질을 위한 지방섭취량 누적비율 80%까지에 포함되는 식품을 고려하여 총 161종의 식품이 선정되었다. 도출된 대표 식품 목록은 우리 국민이 2007년에 섭취한 것으로 조사된 모든 식품군을 포함하고 있어 그 포괄성이 입증되었다. 다음 단계로, 한국인의 일상적인 식이를 대표할 수 있는 식품섭취량 자료를 확보하기 위해, 총 18,022명을 대상으로 실시된 2008년도와 2009년도 국민건강영양조사의 식품섭취량 자료를 통합하고 여기에 등장한 687종 식품을 이용하여, 상기 기술된 선정기준에 따라 165종 식품을 선정하여 기본목록을 작성하였다. 이들을 식품군별로 분류한 후 유사식품의 중복선정을 피하기 위해 매우 유사한 식품 30종에 대해 각 식품군 내에서 다소비 순위와 다빈도 순위를 비교하여 상대적으로 순위가 낮은 식품 15종을 제외시키고, 각 식품군에서 대표식품으로 선정되지 않은 식품에 대한 검토를 통해 식품 구성과 성상이 현저히 달라서 mapping이 어려운 식품 10종을 추가하여 160종이 대표식품으로 최종 선정되었다. TDS 분석대상으로 최종 선정된 160종의 식품목록은 식품섭취량의 90.93%, 에너지 섭취량의 91.36%, 지방섭취량의 89.05%를 포괄하는 것으로 나타났다. 예산과 연구기간의 제약으로 모든 식품이 분석될 수는 없으므로 분석되지 않은 식품을 가장 유사한 대표 식품의 유해물질 분석결과에 매칭하는 방법인 'best-fit' mapping 과정을 적용한다면 유해물질별 총 섭취량의 산출이 가능하게 될 것이다. 본 연구에서는 우리 국민의 식생활을 반영할 수 있는 대표성 있는 식품섭취량 자료를 확보하여 체계적인 방법으로 대표 식품을 선정하고, mapping을 통해 모든 식품을 포괄할 수 있는 방법을 제시함으로써 유해물질별 총 노출량을 평가할 수 있는 기반을 마련하였다.

Keywords

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