Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI (전자공학회논문지CI)

The Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers (대한전자공학회)
권호 표지

Development of Wireless Ambulatory Measurement System based on Inertial Sensors for Gait Analysis and its Application for Diagnosis on Elderly People with Diabetes Mellitus

관성센서 기반의 무선보행측정시스템 개발 및 노인 당뇨 환자 보행 진단에의 응용

  • Jung, Ji-Yong (Department of Healthcare Engineering, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Yang, Yoon-Seok (Division of Biomedical Engineering, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Won, Yong-Gwan (School of Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National Uiversity) ;
  • Kim, Jung-Ja (Division of Biomedical Engineering, Chonbuk National University)
  • 정지용 (전북대학교 헬스케어공학과) ;
  • 양윤석 (전북대학교 바이오메디컬공학부) ;
  • 원용관 (전남대학교 전자컴퓨터공학부) ;
  • 김정자 (전북대학교 바이오메디컬공학부)
  • Received : 2011.02.14
  • Accepted : 2011.03.07
  • Published : 2011.03.25
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

3D motion analysis system which is currently widely used for walking analysis has limitations due to both necessity of wide space for many cameras for measurement, high cost, and complicated preparation procedure, which results in low accessability in use and application for clinical diagnosis. To resolve this problem, we developed 3-dimensional wireless ambulatory measurement system based on inertial sensor which can be easily applicable for clinical diagnosis for lower extremity deformity and developed system was evaluated by applying for 10 elderly people with diabetes mellitus. Developed system was composed of wireless ambulatory measurement module that consists of inertial measurement unit (IMU) which measures the gait characteristics, microcontroller which collects and precesses the inertial data, bluetooth device which transfers the measured data to PC and Window's application for storing and processing and analyzing received data. This system will utilize not only to measure lower extremity (foot) problem conveniently in clinical medicine but also to analyze 3D motion of human in other areas as sports science, rehabilitation.

현재 보행 분석에 있어 많이 사용되고 있는 3차원 동작 분석기의 경우, 여러 대의 카메라와 넓은 공간이 필요하다는 공간적 제한성과 함께 고가로 접근성이 용이하지 않으며, 측정 시 준비 과정이 복잡하여 이를 임상에 적용하기에는 많은 제약점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 이를 해결하기 위해 임상에서 용이하게 하지(족부) 이상을 진단하기 위한 관성 센서 기반의 3차원 무선 보행 측정 시스템을 개발하고, 당뇨병 노인 환자 10명을 대상으로 시스템의 타당성을 평가하였다. 개발된 시스템은 보행 특성을 측정하는 관성 측정 장치, 관성 데이터를 수집 및 처리하는 마이크로 컨트롤러, 측정된 데이터를 PC로 전송하는 블루투스로 구성된 무선 보행 측정 모듈과, 수신 데이터의 저장, 처리 및 분석을 위한 윈도우 응용 프로그램 모듈로 구성되었다. 본 연구에서 개발된 시스템은 하지(족부) 이상 진단의 실제 임상에 손쉽게 활용할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 스포츠 과학, 재활 등과 같은 인간의 3차원 움직임 분석을 필요로 하는 다양한 분야에 널리 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. H. E. Resnick, K. B. Stansberry, M. Tirivedi, K. Smith, P. Morgan, A. L. Vinik, "Diabetes, peripheral neuropathy, and old age disability," Muscle Nerve, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 43-50, Jan 2002. https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.1217
  2. A. J .M. Boulton, "Foot problem in patients with diabetes mellitus," Williams Gm Blackwell Science, vol. 2, pp. 1-20, 1997.
  3. C. C. Norkin, P. K. Levangie, "Joint Structure & Function: A Comprehensive Analysis," F.A. Davis, 1983.
  4. H. H. Savelberg, D. Ilgin, S. Angin, P. J. Willems, N. C. Schaper, K. Meijer, "Prolonged activity of knee extensors and dorsal flexors is associated with adaptations in gait in diabetes and diabetic polyneuropathy," Clinical Biomechanics, vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 468-475, June 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2010.02.005
  5. M. J. Mueller, D. R. Sinacore, S. Hoogstrate, L. Daly, "Hip and ankle walking strategies: effect on peak plantar pressures and implications for europathic ulceration," Arch Phys Med Rehabil, vol. 75, no. 11, pp. 1196-1200, Nov 1994. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-9993(94)90004-3
  6. A. Caselli, H. Pham, J. M. Giurini, D. G. Armstrong, A. Veves, "The forefoot-to-rearfoot plantar pressure ratio is increased in severe diabetic neuropathy and can predict foot ulceration," Diabetes Care, vol. 25, no. 6, pp. 1066-1071, June 2002. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.25.6.1066
  7. O. -Y. Kwon, S. D. Minor, K. S. Maluf, M. J. Mueller, "Comparison of muscle activity during walking in subjects with and without diabetic neuropathy," Gait & Posture, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 105-113, Aug 2003. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0966-6362(02)00166-2
  8. Z. Pataky, J. P. Assal, P. Conne, H. Vuagnat, A. Golay, "Plantar pressure distribution in type 2 diabetic patients without peripheral neuropathy and peripheral vascular disease," Diabetic Med., vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 762-767, June 2005. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2005.01520.x
  9. H. H. C. M. Savelberg, N. C. Schaper, P. J. B. Willems, A. L. H. De Lange, K. Meijer, "Redistribution of joint moments is associated with changed plantar pressure in diabetic polyneuropathy," BMC Musculoskelet. Disorders, vol. 10, no. 16, pp. 1-10, Feb 2009. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2474-10-1
  10. G. Yavuzer, I. Yetkin, F. B. Toruner, N. Koca, N. Bolukbas, "Gait deviations of patients with diabetic mellitus: looking beyond peripheral neuropathy," Eur. Medicophys., vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 127-133, June 2006.
  11. C. Mizuike, S. Ohgi, S. Morita, "Analysis of stroke patient walking dynamics using a tri-axial accelerometer," Gait & Posture, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 60-64, July 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2009.02.017
  12. J. J. Kavanagh, S. Morrison, D. A. James, R. Barrett, "Reliability of segmental accelerations measured using a new wireless gait analysis system," Journal of Biomechanics, vol. 39, no. 15, pp. 2863-2872, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2005.09.012
  13. K. Saremi, J. Marehbian, X. Yan, J. P. Regnaux, R. Elashoff, B. Bussel, et al, "Reliability and validity of bilateral thigh and foot accelerometry measures of walking in healthy and hemiparetic subjects," Neurorehabil Neural Repair, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 297-305, June 2006. https://doi.org/10.1177/1545968306287171
  14. K. Tong, M. H. Granat, "A practical gait analysis system using gyroscopes," Medical Engineering and Physics, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 87-94, Mar 1999. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1350-4533(99)00030-2
  15. 이재영, 이경중, 김영호, 이성호, 박시운, "가속도계를 이용한 편마비 환자의 보행 분석 알고리즘 개발," 대한전자공학회논문지, 제41권 SC편, 제4호, 55-62쪽, 2004년 7월.
  16. 이병렬, "마이크로 관성센서 기술," 대한전자공학회지, 제28권, 제10호, 39-44쪽, 2001년 10월.