Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회지)

Korean Society of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회)
권호 표지

Age Structure Analysis of Kaloula borealis

맹꽁이(Kaloula borealis)의 나이구조 분석

  • Received : 2011.10.09
  • Accepted : 2011.11.24
  • Published : 2011.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Using skeletochronology in the Daejung-eup, Jeju, we determined the age structure of Kaloula borealis. The study was performed during the breed season in June 2009. We measured the snout-vent length(SVL) and body weigth(BW) and analyzed the age structure of 38 male and 58 female frogs. The mean value of SVL is $43.69{\pm}3.44mm$ in males and $46.32{\pm}4.23mm$ in females. The age at first reproduction was estimated to be 2 years of age in males and 3 years in females. The oldest males and females were 8 and 10 years of age, respectively. Therefore, the longevity in this species was estimated to be more than 8 years for males and 10 years for females. So, females live longer than males. Also, this difference between the male and the female in age structure was significant. We estimated the growth curve for Kaloula borealis using von Bertalanffy growth model. The growth coefficient (K) was 0.56 in male and 0.41 in female. The asymptotic size was 46.41 mm in male and 50.22 mm in female.

우리는 제주도 대정읍에서 뼈나이테법(skeletochronology)을 사용하여 맹꽁이(Kaloula borealis)의 나이구조를 알아보았다. 조사는 번식기인 2009년 6월에 실시하였다. 측정된 개체수는 수컷이 38개체, 암컷이 58개체로 각 개체의 SVL(snout-vent length)과 체중을 측정하고 나이구조를 분석하였다. 수컷의 평균 SVL은 $43.69{\pm}3.44 mm$이며, 암컷은 $46.32{\pm}4.23mm$로 나타나고 있다. 첫 번식에 참여하는 수컷은 2살이고, 암컷은 3살로 나타났다. 가장 나이든 수컷은 8살이며 암컷은 10살이다. 그러므로 이 종의 수명은 수컷에서는 8살, 암컷에서는 10살 이상으로 볼 수 있으며 암수의 수명에서 암컷이 더 오래살고 있다. 또한 이 값은 통계적으로도 유의미하게 나타나고 있다. 성장곡선은 von Bertalanffy growth model을 사용하였으며, 성장계수(K)는 수컷이 0.56이며 암컷은 0.41이다. 최대성장크기는 수컷이 46.41 mm이며 암컷은 50.22 mm로 나타났다.

Keywords

References

  1. Barbour, T.(1908) Some New Reptiles and Amphibians. Bulletin of The Museum of Comparative Zoology 51: 315-325.
  2. Cheong, S.W., D.S. Park, H.C. Sung, J.H. Lee and S.R. Park(2007) Skeletochronological age determination and comparative demographic analysis of two populations of the gold-spotted pond frog (Rana chosenica). J. Ecol. Field Biol. 30(1): 57-62. https://doi.org/10.5141/JEFB.2007.30.1.057
  3. Ento, K. and M, Matsui(2002) Estimation of age structure by skeletochronology of a population of Hynobius nebulosus in a breeding season (Amphibia, Urodela). Zoological science 19: 241-247. https://doi.org/10.2108/zsj.19.241
  4. Felton, A., R.A Alford, A.M. Felton and L, Schwarzkopf(2006) Multiple mate choice criteria and importance of age for male mating succes in the microhylid frog, Cophixalus ornatus. Behav Ecol Sociobiol. 59: 786-795. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-005-0124-6
  5. Francillon-Vieillot, H., J.W. Arntzen and J. Geraudie(1990) Age, growth and longevity of sympatric Triturus cristatus, T. marmoratus and their hybrids(Amphibia, Urodela): A skeletochronological comparison. J. Herpetol. 24(1): 13-22. https://doi.org/10.2307/1564284
  6. Giulia, T., M.G. Fabio, E.R. Jasmin and A. Franco(2011) Age structure in the false tomato frog Dyscophus guineti from eastern Madagascar compared to the closely related D. antongilii (Anura, Microhylidae). African Journal of Herpetology 60: 84-88. https://doi.org/10.1080/21564574.2011.561881
  7. Guarino, F.M., F. Angelini and M. Cammarota(1995) A Skeletochronological analysis of three syntopic amphibian species from southern Italy. Amphib. Reptil. 16: 297-302. https://doi.org/10.1163/156853895X00109
  8. Hallday, T.R. and P.A. Verrell(1988) Body size and age in amphibians and reptiles. J. Herpetol. 22: 253-265. https://doi.org/10.2307/1564148
  9. Hemelaar, A.(1988) Age, growth, and other characteristics of Bufo bufo from different latitudes and altitudes. J. Herpetol. 22: 369-388. https://doi.org/10.2307/1564332
  10. Kim, H.K.(1971) Studies on the classification and distribution of Salientia of Korea. J. Korean Res Inst for Better Living, Ewha Womans Univ. 6: 211-233. (in Korean)
  11. Kusano, T.(1982) Postmetamorphic growth, survival, and age at first reproduction of the salamander, Hynobius nebulosus tokyoensis Tago in relation to a consideration on the optimal timing of first reproduction. Res. Popu.l Ecol. 24: 329-344. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02515580
  12. Kyriakopoulou-Sklavounou, P., P. Stylianou and A. Tsiora(2008) A skeletochronological study of age, growth and longevity in a population of the frog Rana ridibunda from southern Europe. Zoology 111(1): 30-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.zool.2007.03.002
  13. Lee, H.J., D.S. Park and J.H. Lee(2009) Age Structure and Individual Physical Characteristics of a Wrinkled Frog, Rana rugosa (Anura: Ranidae), Population Located at Yangpyeonggun, Gyeonggi-do. korea J. Herpetol. 1(1): 35-43.
  14. Lee, J.H. and D.S. Park(2008) Effects of physical parameters and age on the order of entrance of Hynobius leechii to a breeding pond. J. Ecol. Field Biol. 31(3): 183-191. https://doi.org/10.5141/JEFB.2008.31.3.183
  15. Lee, J.H.(2006) Reproductive Ecology and Age Structure of the Gori salamander(hynobius yangi). Master thesis. Kangwon National University, Kangwon, Korea. (in Korean with English abstract)
  16. Lee, J.H., M.S. Min, T.H. Kim, H.J. Baek, H. Lee and D.S. Park(2010) Age structure and growth rates of two Korean salamander species (Hynobius yangi and Hynobius quelpaertensis) from field populations. Animal Cells and Systems. 14(4): 315-322. https://doi.org/10.1080/19768354.2010.525810
  17. Lee, J.H., N.Y. Ra, J.H. Eom and D.S. Park(2008) Population Dynamics of the Long-Tailed Clawed Salamander Larva, Onychodactylus fischeri, and Its Age Structure in Korea. J. Ecol. Field Biol. 31(1): 31-36. https://doi.org/10.5141/JEFB.2008.31.1.031
  18. Misawa, Y. and M. Matsui(1999) Age determination by skeletochronology of the Japanese salamander Hynobius kimurae (Amphibia, Urodela). Zool Sci. 16: 845-851. https://doi.org/10.2108/zsj.16.845
  19. National Institute of Biological Resources(2011) Red Data Book of Endangered Amphibians and Reptiles in Korea. pp. 22-27.
  20. Noble, G.K.(1925) An outline of the relation of ontogeny to phylogeny within the Amphibia. I. Amer. Mus. Novit. 165: 1-45.
  21. Shine, R.(1979) Sexual selection and sexual dimorphism in the amphibia. Copeia. 2: 469-474.
  22. Shirose, L.J., R.J. Brooks, J.R. Barta and S.S. Desser(1993) Inter-sexual difference in growth, mortality, and size at maturity in bullfrogs in central Ontario. Canadian Journal of Zoology 71: 2,363-2,369. https://doi.org/10.1139/z93-332
  23. Sung, H.C., S.K. Kim, S.W. Cheong, S.R. Park, D.C. Roh, K.W. Baek, J.H. Lee and D.S. Park(2006) Estimating Detection Probabilities and Site Occupancy Rates of Three Anuran Species Using Call Surveys in Haenam Gun, Korea. J. Ecol. Field Biol. 29 (4): 331-335. https://doi.org/10.5141/JEFB.2006.29.4.331
  24. Tilley, S.G.(1980) Life histories and comparative demography of two salamander populations. Copeia. 4: 806-821.
  25. von Bertalanffy, L.(1938) Aquantitative theory of organic growth. Huan biology 10: 181-213.
  26. Yang, S.Y. and C.H. Yu(1978) Check list of Korean amphibians. Bulletin of the Institute for Basic Science, Inha University. 5: 81-90. (in Korean)
  27. Yang, S.Y., J.B. Kim, M.S. Min, J.H. Suh and Y.J. Kang(2001) Monograph of Korean Amphibia. Academy press, Seoul. (in Korean)
  28. Yu, J.H.(2007) Age estimation by skeletochronology and The call variation in The three-striped pond frog (Rana nigromaculata). Master thesis. Korea National University of Education. (in Korean with English abstract)
  29. Zhou, W., J.F. He, M.H. Li and W, Li(2006) Behavior and Morphologic Adaptive Selection of Sexual Partnership in a Population of Verrucous Digging Frog(kaloula verracosa) from Kunming. zoological research. 27(2): 169-174. (in Chinese with English abstract)