Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
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Effect of Pine (Pinus densiflora) Needle Extracts on Antioxidant Activity and Proliferation of Osteoclastic RAW 264.7 Cells

적송잎 추출물이 항산화 활성 및 파골세포의 증식에 미치는 영향

  • Received : 2011.03.09
  • Accepted : 2011.04.08
  • Published : 2011.04.30
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Abstract

Pine needles have long been used as a traditional health-promoting medicinal food in Korea. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of pine needle extracts on the antioxidant activity, and proliferation of osteoclastic RAW 264.7 cells. Pine needle extracts were examined using hot water, ethanol, hexane, hot water-ethanol, and hot water-hexane. The effects of the pine needle extracts were examined by comparing the results with that of a commercial agents, proanthocyanidin. Analysis of each extract indicated that hot water-ethanol and ethanol extracts contained the highest total polyphenol concentrations. The hot water-ethanol and ethanol extracts also showed relatively the highest SOD-like activity. The proliferation of osteoclastic RAW 264.7 cells treated with pine needle extracts was decreased by lower than 70%. In addition, the hot water and ethanol extracts of pine needle significantly reduced the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive ($TRAP^+$) multinucleated cells from osteoclatic RAW 264.7 cells. These results indicate that pine needle extracts had an anabolic effect on bone through the promotion of osteoclast differentiation, suggesting that they could be used for the treatment of common metabolic bone diseases.

아시아 지역 널리 자생하고 있는 소나무는 항암, 조골세포의 콜라겐 합성 등 다양한 연구결과가 보고된 바 있으나, 항산화 활성에 따른 파골세포의 증식 및 분화에 대한 연구는 미비한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 적송잎 추출물별 항산화 활성과 RAW 264.7 세포를 이용하여 적송잎 추출물이 파골세포의 증식과 TRAP 활성에 미치는 영향에 대해 검토하였다. 적송잎 추출물의 총 폴리페놀 함량을 측정한 결과, 열수에탄올 추출물이 140.54 mg/g으로 가장 높은 함량을 나타내었으며, 그 다음은 에탄올 추출물, 열수 추출물, 열수헥산 추출물, 헥산 추출물 순으로 나타났다. SOD 유사 활성을 검색한 결과, 열수, 에탄올 및 열수에탄올 추출물이 proanthocyanidin의 47.31%보다 높은 SOD 유사활성을 보였다. MTT assay에 의한 파골세포의 생존율을 측정한 결과, 에탄올 추출물 경우 $1{\mu}g$/mL의 농도에서 54.04%로 가장 낮은 생존율을 나타내었고 적송잎 헥산 추출물 또한 70% 이하의 생존율을 나타내어, 각 추출물 간의 생존 비율에 차이는 있으나 모든 적송잎 추출물에 있어 파골세포의 성장을 억제하는 결과가 나타났다. 적송잎 추출물의 파골세포 분화억제 효과를 알아보기 위해 TRAP staining 한 결과, 모든 추출물에서 대조군보다 낮은 TRAP 활성이 나타났다. 특히 열수 및 에탄올 추출물의 경우, $1{\mu}g$/mL의 낮은 농도에서 각각 67.8 및 66.3%로 파골세포 분화를 감소시켰으나, 헥산 추출물은 약 80%의 분화 감소율을 나타내었다. $100{\mu}g$/mL의 고농도 첨가군에서는 오히려 에탄올 추출물의 파골세포 분화 감소율이 낮게 나타나, 저농도에서의 효과가 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 항산화 활성을 가지는 적송잎 추출물이 파골세포의 증식과 분화를 억제하여 골흡수 억제에 효과를 준다는 것이 확인되었으며, 구체적인 기작 연구와 in vivo 연구가 병행된다면 노화 및 골다공증 예방과 관련된 기능성 천연소재로 개발이 가능하리라 사료된다.

Keywords

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