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Quality Characteristics of Cookies Prepared with Flour Partly Substituted by Used Coffee Grounds

커피추출 잔여물을 첨가한 쿠키의 품질 특성

  • Jung, Samuel (School of Food Science, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kang, Woo-Won (School of Food Science, Kyungpook National University)
  • Received : 2010.08.04
  • Accepted : 2010.12.31
  • Published : 2011.02.28

Abstract

We investigated the quality characteristics of cookies prepared after addition of various concentrations of used coffee grounds (0%, 1%, 3%, and 5%, all w/w) as a substitute for flour. As coffee grounds concentration rose, decrease in the pH of cookie dough was evident. In terms the water-holding capacity of dough, cookies prepared 3% (w/w) coffee grounds yielded the highest value. With an increase in coffee grounds concentration, the color a value rose, but the L and b values fell. The gelatinization temperature became higher, but both peak viscosity and 15 min-height values declined. The spread and loss ratios decreased but the leavening rate rose significantly with elevation of coffee grounds concentration. The hardness of cookies rose but slightly, as coffee grounds concentration rose. Upon sensory evaluation of all of appearance, flavor, and overall preference, cookies prepared with addition of used coffee grounds were superior to those without grounds, whereas those prepared using 1%-3%(w/w) coffee grounds showed the highest overall acceptability. Thus cookies made using coffee grounds can be economically competitive. In addition, the ingredients of coffee powder and used coffee grounds were shown to be very similar, except that coffee grounds contain 15-fold less caffeine than dose coffee powder. As health concerns are popular today, the use of coffee grounds to manufacture processed food may be acceptable.

카페인 함량이 커피분말보다 훨씬 낮으면서 거의 재활용하지 않고 있는 커피추출 잔여물을 식품재료로 재활용하기 위한 일환으로, 이것을 1%, 3%, 5%순으로 첨가량을 달리하여 쿠키를 제조하여 그 품질특성을 조사하였다. 그 결과 쿠키반죽의 pH는 대조구보다 커피추출 잔여물의 첨가구에서 유의적으로 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 또한 반죽의 수분 결합 능력은 3% 첨가구에서 18.81로 가장 높게 측정되었고 반죽의 아밀로그래프 측정결과 중 호화개시 온도는 첨가하는 커피추출 잔여물 양이 증가 할수록 높아지는 경향을 나타냈고, 최고점도와 15분 후 점도는 첨가량이 증가할수록 낮아지는 경향이 있었다. 쿠키의 퍼짐성과 손실률은 커피추출 잔여물의 첨가량이 증가하면 낮아지고, 팽창률은 높아지는 경향을 나타냈다. 색도는 명도인 L값과 황색도인 b값은 커피추출 잔여물의 첨가량이 증가하면 낮아지고, 적색도인 a값은 증가하였다. 경도는 커피추출 잔여물 첨가량이 증가하면서 높아져 딱딱해지는 경향이었다. 1-3%정도 의 커피추출 잔여물을 첨가한 쿠키가 외관, 향, 조직감에서 대조구가 첨가구보다 높은 점수를 받아 커피추출 잔여물을 첨가한 쿠키의 제품화에 충분한 경쟁력이 있음을 알았다. 실험 결과를 종합해서 볼 때 커피추출 잔여물을 첨가한 쿠키의 품질특성은 1-3% 정도 함유한 쿠키가 가장 좋은 결과를 나타내었다. 이와 같은 결과로 커피추출 잔여물을 첨가한 쿠키에서 3% 첨가가 적합하다고 생각된다. 또 커피 분말과 커피추출 잔여물의 일반성분 분석에서 성분의 함량 비율은 큰 차이가 나타나지 않았으나, 커피의 주요성분인 카페인의 함량은 커피분말보다 커피추출 잔여물이 15배 정도나 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 푸드테라피협회가 설문조사 한 내용을 보면 한국인들이 하루평균 1-2회 커피를 마시고 특히 아메리카노를 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 많은 양의 커피추출 잔여물이 폐기처분되고 있으며, 커피보다 영양적으로 부족하지 않고 카페인이 훨씬 적은 커피추출 잔여물을 이용하는 식품을 개발한다면 경제적 효용가치가 클 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

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