DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Characteristics of Sourdough Bread Prepared using Bifidobacterium longum, Enterococcus faecium, and Lactobacillus acidophilus as a Combination Starter

Bifidobacterium longum-Enterococcus faecium-Lactobacillus acidophilus를 스타터로 사용하여 만든 sourdough bread 제조 및 품질특성

  • Chae, Dong-Jin (Department of Hotel Baking and Pastry Arts, Dong-u College) ;
  • Lee, Kwang-Suck (Department of Culinary Service Management, Kyung Hee university) ;
  • Jang, Ki-Hyo (Department of Food and Nutrition, Kangwon National University)
  • 채동진 (동우대학 호텔제과제빵과) ;
  • 이광석 (경희대학교 조리.서비스 경영학과) ;
  • 장기효 (강원대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Received : 2010.07.13
  • Accepted : 2010.12.24
  • Published : 2011.02.28

Abstract

The influence of two process parameters (starter and fermentation period) on sourdough bread qualities was investigated. Bifidobacterium longum/Enterococcus faecium/Lactobacillus acidophilus (a mixed culture) was used as a starter. The five production conditions tested were: Control (sourdough fermentation with yeast); LAB 1(fermentation with mixed culture); LAB 2 (fermentation with yeast and mixed culture, respectively); LAB 3 (fermentation with yeast and mixed culture); and LAB 4 (first fermentation with yeast and mixed culture, respectively, followed by a second fermentation using the combination). The LAB 4 process showed the most favorable fermentation characteristics upon CrumbScan analysis, and the highest specific bread volume (5.14 mL/g). These results were reflected in the sensory evaluation of bread produced by the LAB 4 process; the bread achieved an excellent overall acceptance ranking of 3.7. Upon firmness analysis, the LAB 2, LAB 3, and LAB 4 bread figures were 113.67 g, 111.97 g, and 113.50 g, respectively. Thus, the firmness of LAB 2, LAB 3, and LAB 4 bread was higher than that of the control (93.20 g), although the aroma compounds of bread produced by the five processes did not differ. These results show that LAB 4 bread had improved sourdough properties, compared to control.

상업적 복합균주와 효모를 sourdough starter로 사용하여V5가지의 시료를 다음과 같이 준비하였다. 제빵용 효모만을V사용한 control군, 상업용 복합균주를 사용한 LAB 1군, 상업용 복합균주와 효모로 각각 발효한 후 합친 LAB 2군, 상업용 복합균주와 효모를 함께 사용하여 발효한 LAB 3군, 상업용 복합균주와 효모를 사용하여 각각 발효하여 합친 후 다시 10시간 발효한 LAB 4군을 사용하여 제조한 발효식빵의 제빵특성은 다음과 같다. CrumbScan에 의한 영상분석의 결과로 LAB 4의 부피가 2,140 cc로 가장 큰 것으로 발효율이 가장 높았던 LAB 4의 부피가 가장 크게 나타났다. 기공의 조밀도는 부피가 가장 큰 LAB 4가 806로 가장 낮게 나타났고, 기공의 찌그러짐 정도는 기공의 조밀도가 가장 높았던 LAB 1이 1.56으로 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 껍질의 두께는 대조구가 가장 얇았고 LAB 4가 가장 두껍게 나타나 유의적인 차이를 보였다. Sourdough bread의 비용적의 측정결과는 발효율이 가장 높았던 LAB 4의 비용적은 5.14 mL/g으로 가장 높게 나타났다. Firmness 측정결과는 93.2 g인 대조구에 비해 LAB 2, LAB 3과 LAB 4에서의 firmness 측정치는 각각 113.67, 111.97, 113.50 g로 높게 나타났다. 관능검사 결과에서 식빵의 내부색은 전반적으로 밝게 평가되었으며, LAB 4의 기공이 가장 균일한 것으로 나타났고 촉감도 가장 부드러운 것으로 평가되었고, 전체적인 품질평가에서도 3.7을 나타내어 가장 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 결과적으로 대부분의 평가항목에서 LAB 4로 만든 sourdough bread를 선호하는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

References

  1. Gobbetti M (1988) The sourdough microflora: Interactions of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts. Trends Food Sci Technol, 9, 267-274
  2. Gul H, Ozcelik S, Sagdie O, Certel M (2005) Sourdough bread production with lactobacilli and S. cerevisiae isolated from sourdoughs. Process Biochem, 40, 691-697 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2004.01.044
  3. Kline L, Sugihara TF (1971) Microorganism of the SanFrancisco sour dough process II, Isolation and characterization of undescribed bacterial species responsible for the souring activity. Appl Microbial, 21, 459-465
  4. Meignen B, Onno B, Gélinas P, Infantes M, Guilois S (2001) Optimization of sourdough fermentation with Lactobacillus brevis and baker's yeast. Food Microbiol, 18, 239-245 https://doi.org/10.1006/fmic.2000.0395
  5. Wehrle K, Arendt EK (1988) Rheological changes in wheat sourdough during controlled and spontaneous fermentation. Cereal Chem, 75, 882-886
  6. Wick M, Stolz P, Bocker G, Lebeault JM (2003) Influence of several process parameters on sourdough fermentation. Acta Biotechnol, 23, 51-61 https://doi.org/10.1002/abio.200390008
  7. Chang JH, Ann JB (1996) Effect of lactic acid bacteria on the qualities of white pan bread. Korean J Food Nutr, 9, 509-515
  8. Heunsen A, Schieberle P (2005) Generation of aroma compounds during sourdough fermentation : applied and fundamental aspects. Trends Food Sci Technol, 16, 85-94 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2004.03.007
  9. Galal AM, Johnson JA, Vamiano ME (1977) Lactic acid volatile(C2-C5) organic acids of Sanfrancisco sourdough french bread. Cereal Chem, 55, 461-468
  10. Nachf OS (1995) Sourdough or sour dough Baking & Snack, 17, 86
  11. Decock P, Cappelle P (2005) Bread technology and sourdough technology, Trends Food Sci Technol, 16, 113-120 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2004.04.012
  12. 김웅일 (2000) 사워도 만들기. 월간 제과제빵, 105, 122-125
  13. Choi KO, Nguyen HH, Kwak HS (2010) The role of the immune system in the use of probiotic lactic acid bacteria in preventing and treating allergic diseases. Korean J Food Sci Ani Resour, 30, 1-12 https://doi.org/10.5851/kosfa.2010.30.1.1
  14. AACC (1995) Approved methods of the AACC, 9th ed, Method 02-25 : pH and TTA determinations. American Association of Cereal Chemists, St. Paul, MN, USA
  15. Corsetti A, Gobbetti M, Balestrieri F, Paoletti F, Russi J, Russi L (1998) Sourdough lactic acid bacteria effects on bread firmness and staling. J Food Sci, 63, 347-351
  16. Pyler EJ (1988) Physiological and chemical test methods. In: Baking Science & Technology, 3rd ed, Vol. 2, Sosland Publishing Company, KS, USA, p 903-907
  17. Albright SC, Winston WL, Zappe C (1999) Data analysis and decision making with Microsoft Excel. Pacific Grove, Calif. Brooks/Cole Publishing Co, California, USA
  18. Lee KS (2001) Studies on the evaluation of fermented white pan bread by digital image analysis. PhD thesis, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea
  19. Don Pickering (1996) Evaluate product crumb accurately. Bakery Production and Marketing, January 15
  20. Wiggins C (1988) Proving baking and cooling. In: Technology of breadmaking. Thomson Science, NY, USA, p 133-136
  21. Lee KS, Noh WS (2002) Objective measurement of characteristics of white pan bread using a commercial Korean wheat flour. Korean J Soc Food Cookery Sci, 18, 206-210
  22. Chae DJ, Lee KS, Jang KH (2010) Fermentation characteristics of flour sourdough using mixed lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacterium longum as starters. J East Asian Soc Dietary Life, 20, 743-750
  23. He H, Hoseney RC (1992) Effects of the quantity of wheat flour protein on bread loaf volume. Cereal Chem, 69, 17-19
  24. Barber B, Ortola C, Barber S, Fernande ZF (1992) Storage of packaged white bread. III. Effects of sour dough and addition of acids on bread characteristics. Z Lebensm Unters Forsch, 194, 442-449 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01197726
  25. Martin ML (1989) Rethinking bread firmness. PhD thesis, Kansas State University, KS, USA