Journal of the Korean Geographical Society (대한지리학회지)

The Korean Geographical Society (대한지리학회)
권호 표지

The Impacts of Urbanization on Changes of Extreme Events of Air Temperature in South Korea

한국의 도시화에 의한 극한기온의 변화

  • Received : 2011.05.19
  • Accepted : 2011.06.27
  • Published : 2011.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the changes of extreme temperature indices in order to investigate impacts of urbanization on changes of extreme temperature. It was analyzed 16 indices related to extreme temperature indices to 60 weather stations in South Korea. Extreme temperature indices-related summer mostly increased, and its related to winter decreased. Percentile-based indices were clearly increased more than fixed-based indices as a tropical night. Decreasing trend of extreme temperature indices related to winter had more clear than increasing trend of extreme temperature indices related to summer. It was similar to trend that urban temperature was more clearly increased in winter than summer. Decreasing trend of indices-related daily minimum temperature had more clear than increasing trend of indices-related daily maximum temperature. Also, it was similar to increasing trend of minimum temperature had more clear than maximum temperature.

이 연구에서는 극한기온 지수의 변화 경향을 분석하여 도시화 효과가 극한기온의 변화에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 하였다. 한국에서 60개 기상관측지점을 대상으로 극한기온과 관련된 16개의 지수를 분석하였다. 여름철 관련 극한기온 지수값은 대부분 증가하였고, 겨울철 관련 극한기온 지수값은 감소하였다. 여름철 지수 중 변동 임계치를 갖는 지수가 열대야와 같은 고정 임계치를 갖는 경우보다 증가 경향이 더 뚜렷하였다. 겨울철과 관련된 극한기온 지수값의 감소 경향이 여름철과 관련된 극한기온 지수의 증가 경향보다 뚜렷하였다. 이는 도시의 기온이 여름철보다 겨울철에 더 상승하는 것과 비슷한 결과이다. 일최고기온과 관련된 지수의 증가 경향보다 일최저기온과 관련된 지수의 감소 경향이 뚜렷하다. 이런 결과도 도시에서 최고기온보다 최저기온의 상승 경향이 더 뚜렷한 것과 비슷한 경향이다.

Keywords

References

  1. Bartolini, G., Morabito, M., Crisci, A., Grifoni, D., Torrigiani, T., Petralli, T., Maracchi, G., and Orlandini, S., 2008, International Journal of Climatology, 28, 1751-1760. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.1673
  2. Bonsal, B. R., Zhang, X., Vincent, L. A., and Hogg, W.D., 2001, Characteristics of Daily and Extreme Temperatures over Canada, Journal of Climate, 14, 1959-1976. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2001)014<1959:CODAET>2.0.CO;2
  3. Choi, G., Kwon, W. T., Boo, K. O., and Cha, Y. M., 2008, Recent spatial and temporal changes in means and extreme events of temperature and precipitation across the Republic of Korea, Journal of the Korea Geographical Society, 43(5), 681-700.
  4. Choi, G., Collins, D., Ren, G., Trewin, B., Baldi, M., Fukuda, Y., Afzaal, M., Pianmana, T., Gomboluudev, P., Huong, T. T. H., Lias, Norlisam., Kwon, W. T., Boo, K. O., Cha, Y. M., and Zhou, Y., 2009, Changes in means and extreme events of temperature and precipitation in the Asia-Pacific Network region, 1955-2007, International Journal of Climatology, 29, 1906-1925. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.1979
  5. Choi, Y., Jung, H. S., Nam, K. Y., and Kwon, W. T., 2003, Adjusting urban bias in the regional mean surface temperature series of South Korea, 1968-99, International Journal of Climatology, 23, 577-591. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.881
  6. Choi, Y., 2004, Trends on temperature and precipitation extreme events in Korea, Journal of the Korea Geographical Society, 39(5), 711-721.
  7. Christensen, J. H., Hewitson, B., Busuioc, A., Chen, A., Gao, X., Held, I., Jones, R., Kolli, R. K., Kwon, W. T., Laprise, R., Magana Rueda, V., Mearns, L., Menendez, C. G., Raisanen, J., Rinke, A., Sarr, A., and Whetton, P., 2007, Regional climate projection, in Climate change 2007: The Physical Science Basis, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  8. Collins, D. A., Della-Marta, P. M., Plummer, N., and Trewin, B. C., 2000, Trends in annual frequencies of extreme temperature events in Australia, Australian Meteorological Magazine, 49, 277-292.
  9. DeGaetano, A. T., and Allen, R. J., 2002, Trends in Twentieth-Century Temperature Extremes across the United States, Journal of Climate, 15(22), 3188-3205. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2002)015<3188:TITCTE>2.0.CO;2
  10. Griffiths, G. M., Chambers, L. E., Haylock, M. R., Manton, M. J., Nicholls, N., Baek, H-J., Choi, Y., Della-Marta, P. M., Gosai, A., Iga, N., Lata, R., Lau-rent, V., Maitrepierre, L., Nakamigawa, H., Ouprasitwong, N., Solofa, D., Tahani, L., Thuy, D. T., Tibig, L., Trewin, B., Vediapan, K., and Zhai, P., 2005, Change in mean temperature as a predictor of extreme temperature change in the Asia-Pacific region, International Journal of Climatology, 25, 1301-1330. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.1194
  11. Ha, K. J., Ha, E. H., Yoo, C. S., and Jeon, E. H., 2004, Temperature trends and extreme climate since 1909 at big four cities of Korea, Journal of Korean Meteorological society, 40(1), 1-16 (in Korean).
  12. Heo, I. and Lee, S., 2006, Changes of unusual temperature events and their controlling factors in Korea, Journal of the Korea Geographical Society, 41(1), 94-105 (in Korean).
  13. Hua, L. J., Ma, Z. G., and Guo, W. D., 2008, The impact of urbanization on air temperature across China, Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 93, 179-194. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-007-0339-8
  14. Kim, H. G., Min, K. D., Kim, K, E., and Lee, K. M., 1997a, Summer extraordinary low temperature in Korea and its relation to the characteristics of atmospheric circulations over Northern Hemisphere. part I: Onset of the summer extraordinary low temperature and its Synoptic aspects, Journal of Korean Meteorological society, 33(1), 137-154 (in Korean).
  15. Kim, H. G., Min, K. D., Kim, K, E., and Lee, K. M., 1997b, Summer extraordinary low temperature in Korea and its relation to the characteristics of atmospheric circulations over Northern Hemisphere. part II: Structures and characteristics of the atmospheric circulation, Journal of Korean Meteorological society, 33(1), 155-177 (in Korean).
  16. Kim, H. G., Min, K. D., Yoon, I. H., Moon, Y. S., and Lee, D. I., 1998, Characteristics of the extraordinary high temperature events occurred in summers of 1987 and 1994 over the Korean Peninsula, Journal of Korean Meteorological society, 34(1), 47-64 (in Korean).
  17. Kioutsioukis, I., Melas, D., and Zerefos, C., 2010, Statistical assessment of changes in climate extremes over Greece (1955-2002), International Journal of Climatology, 30, 1723-1737. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.2030
  18. Klein Tank, A. M. G., and Können, G. P., 2003, Trends in indices of daily temperature and precipitation extremes in Europe (1946-1999), Journal of Climate, 16(22), 3665-3680. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016<3665:TIIODT>2.0.CO;2
  19. Li, Q., Li, W., Si, P., Xiaorong, G., Dong, W., Jones, P., Huang, J., and Cao, L., 2010, Assessment of surface air warming in northeast China, with emphasis on the impacts of urbanization, Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 99, 469-478. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-009-0155-4
  20. NIMR(National Institute of Meteorological Research), 2009, Understanding climate change 2, Climate change in the Korean peninsula: the Present and future: Focused on research performance by National Institute of Meteorological Research, Seoul (국립기상연구소, 2009, 기후변화 이해하기 2: 한반도 기후변화: 현재와 미래: 국립기상연구소 연구 성과를 중심으로, 기상연구소, 서울).
  21. Oh, S. N., Ju, O. J., Moon, Y. S., and Lee, K. S., 2010, Climate change and urban air temperature increase in Korean Peninsula, Korean Society of Environmental Impact Assessment, 19(2), 169-177 (in Korean).
  22. Ryoo, S. B., Kwon, W. T., and Jhun, J. G., 2004, Characteristics of wintertime daily and extreme minimum temperature over South Korea, International Journal of Climatology, 24, 145-160. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.990
  23. Salinger, M. J. and Griffiths, G. M., 2001, Trends in New Zealand daily temperature and rainfall extremes, International Journal of Climatology, 21, 1437-1452. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.694
  24. Trenberth, K. E., Jones, P. D., Ambenje, P., Bojariu, R., Easterling, D., Klein Tank, A., Parker, D., Rahimzadeh, F., Renwick, J. A., Rusticucci, M., Soden, B., and Zhai, P., 2007, Observations: Surface and atmospheric climate change. In Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group 1 to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Solomon, S., Qin, D., Manning, M., Chen, Z., Marquis, M., Averyt, K. B., Tignor, M., and Miller, H. L. (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.
  25. Yan, Z., Li, Z., li, Q., and Jones, P., 2010, Effects of site change and urbanization in the Beijing temperature series 1977-2006, International Journal of Climatology, 30, 1226-1234.
  26. Zhang, X., Aguilar, E., Serhat, S., Hamlet, M., Umayra, T., Nader, A., Nato, K., Fatemeh, R., Afsaneh, T., Hantosh, T. H., Pinhas, A., Mohammed, S., Mohammad, K. A., Mansoor, H. S. A., Zaid, A., Taha, Z., Imad, A. D. K., Saleh, H., Ramazan, S., Mesut, D., Mehmet, E., Mustafa, A., Lisa, A., Thomas, C. P., and Trevor, W., 2005, Trends in Middle East climate extreme indices from 1950 to 2003, Journal of Geophysical Research, 110, 1-12.