DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Ergonomics Job Hazard Evaluation of Building Cleaners

  • Lee, Kyung-Sun (Department of Industrial and Information Systems Engineering, Ajou University) ;
  • Lee, In-Seok (Department of Safety Engineering, Hankyong National University) ;
  • Kim, Hyun-Joo (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine) ;
  • Jung-Choi, KyungHee (Department of Preventive Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine) ;
  • Bahk, Jin-Wook (School of Public Health, Seoul National University) ;
  • Jung, Myung-Chul (Department of Industrial and Information Systems Engineering, Ajou University)
  • Received : 2011.03.28
  • Accepted : 2011.05.28
  • Published : 2011.06.30

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate a work of building cleaners using the ergonomic methods. Background: Previous studies about cleaning worker describe typical physical demands of this work. They found that the most significant risk factors associated with the physical work of cleaners are static loads and repetitive movements and high output of force. Method: A head of ergonomics estimation was work analysis(define of combined task, work tool, work time and frequency of combined task) and posture analysis of worker. Results: The results showed that combined task of building cleaners was classification sweeping, mopping(wet), mopping(oil), moving barrels/carts, dumping trash bags, scrubbing, arrangement of cleaning tool, arrangement of circumferential, moving of cleaning tool, and waiting. The work time of combined task such as mopping(wet) and scrubbing indicated high ratio. The posture analysis of building cleaners indicated high value in bending of the head, lower arm, and hands. Conclusion: The findings appear to indicate that building cleaner were related to high risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. So, building cleaner would be required an interventional strategy, improvement of cleaning tools and working environment. Application: If ergonomics rule can be integrated into existing cleaning tools and work environments, the risk of occupational injuries will be reduced.

Keywords

References

  1. Korea Ministry of Labor, The statistic of industrial accidents state, 2004-2008.
  2. Myong, J. P., Lee, H. K, Kim, H. R., Jeong, H. S., Jeong, E. H., Nam, W. and K, J-W., Musculo-skeletal systems municipal sanitation workers and ergonomic evaluation on upperlimb, Korea Journal of Occupational Environment Medicine, 20(2), 93-103, 2008.
  3. Park, K. H. and Jeong, B. Y., Study about the characteristics of old worker' musculoskeletal systems, Proceedings of the Ergonomics Society of Korea Conference, pp. 215-218. 2008.
  4. Lee, I-S., Chung, M-K. and Kee, D-H., Evaluation of postural load of varying leg postures using the psychophysical scaling, Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea, 21(4), 47-65, 2002.
  5. Lee, H. K., Myong, J. P., Jeong, E. H., Jeong, H. S. and Koo, J-W., Ergonomic workload evaluation and musculo-skeletal symptomatic features of street cleaners, Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea, 26(4), 147-152, 2007. https://doi.org/10.5143/JESK.2007.26.4.147
  6. Korea Employment Information Service, The major job occupational of old worker, 2004.
  7. Andrewa, D. M. and Callaghan, J. P., Determining the minimum sampling rate needed to accurately quantify cumulative spine loading from digitized video, Applied Ergonomics, 34(6), 589-595, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-6870(03)00077-2
  8. Baty, D. and Stubbs, D. S., Postural stress in geriatric nursing, International Journal of Nursing Studies, 24(4), 339-344, 1987. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7489(87)90027-7
  9. Foreman, T. K. and Troup, J. D. G., Diurnal variations in spinal loading and the effects on stature: A preliminary study of nursing activities, Clinical Biomechanics, 2(1), 48-54, 1987. https://doi.org/10.1016/0268-0033(87)90048-9
  10. Genaidy, A. M., Guo, L., Eckart, R. and Troup, J. D. G., A postural stress analysis system for evaluating body movements and positions in industry, Proceedings of the Ergonomics Society Conference, Edinburgh, Scotland, pp. 346-351, 1993.
  11. Grandgean, E. and Hunting, W., Ergonomics of posture-Review of various problems of standing and sitting posture, Applied Ergonomics, 8(3), 135-140, 1977. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-6870(77)90002-3
  12. Hagner, I. M. and Hagberg, M., Evaluation of two floor-mopping work methods by measurement of load, Ergonomics, 32(4), 401-408, 1989. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140138908966106
  13. Hopsu, L., Louhevaara, V., Korhonen, O., Miettinen, M., Huikko, K., Lehtonen, T. and Wilkman, A., Feasibility and effects of the intervention for developing work organisation on stress and strain in professional cleaning, Rakennushallitus, Report 3, 1994.
  14. Hopsu, L., Toivonen, Louhevaara, V. and Sjogaard, K., Muscular strain during floor mopping with different cleaning methods. Proceedings of the XIV Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association and the 44th Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, San Diego, CA, USA, 29 July-4 August 2000, vol. 5. Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, Santa Monica, CA, USA, pp. 521-523, 2000.
  15. Huth, E., Kruger, D. and Zorzi, G., 1996. Gesundheitsforderung im Krankenhausbetrieb, Funktionsbereich Reinigung. Abschlubericht, Fachhochschule Hamburg 5, Germany.
  16. Johansson, S. E. and Ljunggren, G., Perceived exertion during a self imposed pace of work for a group of cleaners, Applied Ergonomics, 20(4), 307-312, 1989. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-6870(89)90196-8
  17. Karhu, O., Kansi, P. and Kuorinka, I., Correcting working postures in industry: a practical method for analysis, Applied Ergonomics, 8(4), 199-201, 1977. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-6870(77)90164-8
  18. Keyserling, W. M., Postural analysis of trunk and shoulders in simulated real time, Ergonomics, 29(4), 569-583, 1986. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140138608968292
  19. Keyserling, W. M., Computer-aied posture analysis of the trunk, neck, shoulders and lower extremities, Taylor & Francis, London, 1990.
  20. Keyserling, W. M., Brouwer, M. and Silverstein, B. A., A checklist for evaluation ergonomic risk factors resulting from awkward postures of the legs, trunk and neck, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 9(4), 283-301, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-8141(92)90062-5
  21. Kumar, R., Chaikumarn, M. and Kumar, S., Physiological, subjective and postural loads in passenger train wagon cleaning using a conventional and redesigned cleaning tool, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 35(10), 931-938. 2005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2005.04.008
  22. Kumar, R. and Kumar, S., Musculoskeletal risk factors in cleaning occupation-A literature review, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 38(2), 158-170, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2006.04.004
  23. Kruger, D., Louhevaara, V., Nielsen, J. and Schneider, T., Risk assessment and Preventive Strategies in Cleaning Work. Wirtschaftsverl. NW, Verl. fur Neue Wiss, Bremerhaven, Germany, 1997.
  24. Louhevaara, V., Hopsu, L. and Sogaard, K., Cardiorespiratory strain during floor mopping with different method, Proceedings of the XIV Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association and the 44th Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, San Diego, CA, USA, 29 July-4 August 2000, vol. 5, Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, Santa Monica, CA, pp. 518-520, 2000.
  25. Messing, K., Haentjens, C. and Doniol-Shaw, G., Invisible and essential: work activity of women who clean bathrooms in French passenger trains, In: 25th Annual Conference of the Human Factors Association of Canada, pp. 213-219. 1992.
  26. Nielsen, J., Occupational health among cleaners. University of Copenhagen, National Institute of Occupational Health, Copenhagen, Denmark, 1995.
  27. Nordin, M., Hultman, G., Philipsson, R., Ortelius, S. and Andersson, G. B. J., Dynamic measurements of trunk movements during work tasks. In: Corlett, N., Wilson, J., Manenica, I. (Eds.), The Ergonomics of Working Postures. Taylor& Francis, Philadelphia, 1986.
  28. Ryan, G. A., The prevalence of musculo-skeletal symptoms in supermarket workers, Ergonomics, 32(4), 359-371, 1989. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140138908966103
  29. Sogaard, K., Fallentin, N. and Nielsen, J., Workload during floor cleaning. The effect of cleaning methods and work technique, European Journal of Applied Physiology, 73(1-2), 73-81, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00262812
  30. USDL (U.S. Department of Labor), Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Outlook Handbook 2006-07 Edition (BLS Bulletin 2570). US Government Printing Office,Washington, DC, 2005.
  31. WHO (World Health Organization), Aging and work capacity, Report of a WHO Expert Committee. WHO Technical Report Series 835, Geneva, Switzerland, 1993.
  32. Woods, V. and Buckle, P., Musculoskeletal ill health amongst cleaners and recommendations for work organisational change, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 36(1), 61-72, 2005.