Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer (한국토양비료학회지)

Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer (한국토양비료학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Impacts of Planting Density on Nutrients Uptake by System of Rice Intensification under No-tillage Paddy in Korea

  • Meas, Vannak (Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Shon, Daniel (Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Lee, Young-Han (Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services)
  • Received : 2011.01.15
  • Accepted : 2011.02.23
  • Published : 2011.02.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The System of Rice Intensification (SRI) is a new concept of increasing the yield of rice produced in farming. Therefore, we investigated the impacts of planting density on nutrient uptake as affected by SRI under no-till cropping system. The field was prepared as a randomized complete block design with three treatments: $10{\times}10$ cm, $20{\times}20$ cm and $30{\times}30$ cm planting densities. The root dry mass was significantly increased in the wider planting densities (p<0.05%). The highest grain yield was obtained in $20{\times}20$ cm planting density plot (p<0.05%) due to higher plant density per unit area and spikelets number per panicle. The total uptake amounts by rice plant were significantly higher in $20{\times}$20 cm planting density plot as 94.8 kg $ha^{-1}$ for T-N and 29.9 kg $ha^{-1}$ for P than other planting densities plots, but K and Mg uptake were significantly higher in $10{\times}10$ cm planting density plot (p<0.05%). In this study, our findings suggest that SRI should be considered as a new practice for the rice productivity.

Keywords

References

  1. Altieri, M.A. 2002. Agroecology: the science of natural resource management for poor farmers in marginal environments. Agr. Ecosyst. Environ. 93:1-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8809(02)00085-3
  2. Armstrong, W. and T. Webb. 1985. A critical oxygen pressure for root extension in rice. J. Exp. Bot. 36:1573-1582. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/36.10.1573
  3. Balesdent, J., C. Chenu, and M. Balabane. 2000. Relationship of soil organic matter dynamics to physical protection and tillage. Soil Till. Res. 53:215-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-1987(99)00107-5
  4. Balesdent, J., A, Mariotti, and D. Boisgontier. 1990. Effects of tillage on soil organic carbon mineralization estimated from $^{13}C$ abundance in maize fields. Soil Sci. 41:587-596 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.1990.tb00228.x
  5. Batuvitage, G.P. 2002. Adaptation of the system of rice intensification in Sri Lanka. Cornell International Institute for Food, Agriculture and Development (on line), Internet http://ciiffad.cornel.edu/sri; 607-255-0831.
  6. Bonkowshi, M. 2004. Protozoa and plant growth: The microbial loop in soil revisited. New Phytol. 162: 616-631.
  7. Choe, Z.R., J.B. Kim, and Y.S. Cho. 1998. Practices of sustainable agriculture in Korea with references for the development of sustainable rice production systems, Proceedings Korean Society of Crop Science, Korean Breeding Society Symposium for 50th anniversary Gyeong Sang National University, Korea.
  8. Doebbelaere, S., J. Vanderleyden, and Y. Okon. 2003. Plant growth-promoting effects of diazotrophs in the rhizosphere. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 22:107-149. https://doi.org/10.1080/713610853
  9. Jones Jr., J.N., J.E. Moody, and J.H. Lillard. 1969. Effect of tillage, no-tillage, and mulch on soil water and plant growth. Agron. J. 61:719-721. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1969.00021962006100050020x
  10. Kabir, H. 2006. Adaptation and adoption of the system of Rice Intensification (SRI) in Myanmar using the Farmer Field School (FFS) approach. Phd dissertation, University of Honolulu. p. 124.
  11. Kar, S., S.B. Varade, T.K. Subramanyam, and B.P. Ghildyal. 1974. Nature and growth pattern of rice root system under submerged and unsaturated conditions. II Riso (Rome) 23:173-179.
  12. Kristensen, H.L., G.W. McCarty, and J.J. Meisinger. 2000. Effects of soil structure disturbance on mineralization of organic soil nitrogen. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 64:371-378. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.641371x
  13. Lee, Y.H., B.K. Ahn, and J.H. Lee. 2010. Impacts of rice straw application and green manuring on selected soil physical properties and microbial biomass carbon in no-till paddy field, Korean J. Soil Sci. Fert. 43:105-112.
  14. Lee, Y.H., D. Son, and Z.R. Choe. 2009. Effects of Rice-Winter Cover Crops Cropping Systems on the Rice Yield and Quality in No-tillage Paddy Field, Kor. J. Environ. Agric. 28:53-58. https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2009.28.1.053
  15. Mader, P., A. Fliebach, D. Dubois, L. Gunst, and U. Niggli. 2002. Soil fertility and biodiversity in organic farming. Science 296:1694-1697. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1071148
  16. Moody, J.E., G.M. Shear, and J.N. Jones Jr. 1961. Growing corn without tillage, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 25:516-517. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1961.03615995002500060031x
  17. NIAST. 2000. Methods of soil and plant analysis. National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA, Suwon, Korea (in Korean).
  18. Oehl, F., E. Sieverding, K. Ineichen, P. Mader, T. Boller, and A. Wiemken. 2003. Impact of land use intensity on the species diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in agroecosystems of central Europe. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 5:2816-2824.
  19. RDA (Rural Development Administration, Korea). 1995. Standard investigation methods for agricultural experiment. RDA, Suwon, Korea (in Korean).
  20. Sanchez, J.E., T.C. Willson, K. Kizilkaya, E. Parker, and R.R. Harwood. 2001. Enhancing the mineralizable nitrogen pool through substrate diversity in long term cropping systems. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 65:1442-1447. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2001.6551442x
  21. SAS. 2002. SAS System for $Window$^{TM}$, Release 9.1. SAS Institute, Cary, NC.
  22. Smith, E.S. and J.H. Lillard. 1976. Development of no-tillage cropping systems in Virginia, Trans. of Am. Soc. Agric. Eng. 19:262-265. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.36009
  23. Shao-hua, W., J. Dong, D. Tingbo, and Z. Yan. 2002. Physiological characteristics and high yield techniques with SRI rice. Cornell International Institute for food, Agriculture and development (on line). Internet http://ciiffad.cornell.edu/sri 607-255-0831.
  24. Stoop, W., N. Uphoff, and A. Kassam. 2002. A review of agricultural research issues raised by the system of rice intensification (SRI) from Madagascar: Opportunities for improving farming systems for resource-poor farmers. Agr. Syst. 71:249-274. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-521X(01)00070-1
  25. Torjusen, H., G. Lieblein, M. Wandel, and C.A. Francis. 2001. Food system orientation and quality among consumers and producers of organic food in Hedma country, Norway. Food Qual. Prefer. 12:207-216. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-3293(00)00047-1
  26. Uphoff, N. 1999. Agroecological implications of the system of rice intensification (SRI) in Madagascar. Environment Development and Sustainability, 1(3/4):297-31. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010043325776
  27. Yasue, T. and U. Tsutiya. 1982. Chinese milk vetch and its history of cultivation. Kyoiku Shupan, Gifu. 52-107.
  28. Wright, S.F., J.L. Starr, and I.C. Paltineanu. 1999. Changes in aggregate stability and concentration of glomalin during tillage management transition. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 63:1825-1829. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1999.6361825x