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Growth Inhibitory Effect of Kimchi Prepared with Four Year-Old Solar Salt and Topan Solar Salt on Cancer Cells

토판염 및 4년 숙성 천일염으로 제조한 김치의 암세포 성장 억제 효과

  • Yoon, Hae-Hoon (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Kimchi Research Center, Chosun University) ;
  • Chang, Hae-Choon (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Kimchi Research Center, Chosun University)
  • 윤해훈 (조선대학교 식품영양학과, 김치연구센터) ;
  • 장해춘 (조선대학교 식품영양학과, 김치연구센터)
  • Received : 2011.05.06
  • Accepted : 2011.06.11
  • Published : 2011.07.31

Abstract

The growth inhibitory effects of kimchi prepared with solar salt were investigated. Chinese cabbages were brined with purified salt, four year-old solar salt, and Topan solar salt, and then mixed with other ingredients. The final salt concentration was adjusted to 2.2~2.4% (w/v) for each salt, and the kimchi was fermented at $7^{\circ}C$. When the acidity reached around 0.5~0.6%, the kimchi was used as a sample for further experimentation. MTT assay was used to measure the growth inhibitory effect of kimchi extracts (water, methanol) on BJ human foreskin normal cells, AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells, and HT-29 human colon carcinoma cells. Water extracts of all the kimchi samples showed growth inhibitory effects on cancer cells; however, there was no significant difference among the used salts. Methanol extracts of all the kimchi samples showed higher growth inhibitory effects compared to the water extracts. The methanol extracts of four year-old solar salt kimchi (AGS: 73%, HT-29: 48%) and Topan solar salt kimchi (AGS: 62%, HT-29: 46%) showed higher growth inhibitory effects than that of purified salt kimchi (AGS: 52%, HT-29: 39%). In addition, morphological changes of cancer cells (AGS, HT-29) and decreased cell numbers were observed when methanol extract of four year-old solar salt kimchi was treated to AGS and HT-29 cells. However, none of the kimchi extracts showed any growth inhibitory effect on BJ normal cells.

다양한 소금(정제염, 4년 숙성 천일염, 토판염)으로 제조한 김치를 발효시켜 산도 0.5~0.6%에 도달했을 때 이를 물과 메탄올로 추출하여 사용 소금에 따른 김치의 암세포 생육 억제효과를 조사하였다. 소금의 종류를 달리한 김치의 물추출물과 메탄올 추출물은 위암세포 AGS, 장암세포 HT-292 종의 암세포에 대해서 모두 농도가 증가할수록 농도 의존적으로 높은 세포 생육 억제율을 나타내었다. 최대 처리 농도인 5 mg/mL에서 AGS의 경우 정제염 김치의 물 추출물은 44%, 메탄올 추출물은 52%의 억제율을 보였고 천일염 김치의 물 추출물은 40%, 메탄올 추출물은 73%의 억제율을 보였으며, 토판염 김치의 물 추출물은 49%, 메탄올 추출물은 62%의 억제율을 나타냄을 보여 천일염 김치의 메탄올 추출물의 AGS 암세포 생육 억제효과가 매우 뛰어남을 확인하였다. 동일 농도에서 HT-29의 경우 정제염 김치의 물 추출물은 43%, 메탄올 추출물은 39%의 억제율을 보였고, 천일염 김치의 물 추출물은 37%, 메탄올 추출물은 48%의 억제율을 보였으며, 토판염 김치의 물 추출물은 42%, 메탄올 추출물은 46%의 억제효과를 나타냄을 보여 AGS에 대한 암세포 성장 억제효과보다는 다소 낮지만 4년 숙성 천일염과 토판염으로 제조한 김치의 메탄올 추출물이 HT-29 암세포의 높은 성장억제 효과를 보임을 확인하였다. 반면에 소금의 종류를 달리한 김치의 물 추출물과 메탄올 추출물은 모두 정상세포 BJ에 대해 세포독성을 거의 보이지 않으며 오히려 세포 성장효과를 보였다. 더 나아가 최대 암세포 생육 억제현상을 나타낸 4년 숙성 김치의 메탄올 추출물을 AGS, HT-29, BJ 세포에 처리하였을 때 정상세포 BJ에 대해서는 처리 전후 별다른 차이가 관찰되지는 않았으나 AGS 위암세포와 HT-29 장암세포에서는 모두 세포 밀도의 감소와 함께 일부 세포수축 현상을 관찰할 수 있었다. 이상의 결과로부터 기능적 측면(암세포 생육억제)에서 김치 발효에는 가장 좋은 소금은 4년 숙성 천일염이며, 소금의 숙성이 김치 발효에 매우 중요함을 알 수 있다.

Keywords

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