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Quality Characteristics of Yulmoo Mul-kimchi Containing Saltwort (Salicornia herbacea L.)

함초 분말 첨가 열무 물김치의 품질특성

  • 박정은 (우송대학교 외식조리학부) ;
  • 이재용 (단국대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 장명숙 (단국대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Received : 2011.05.04
  • Accepted : 2011.07.11
  • Published : 2011.07.31

Abstract

Saltwort (Salicornia herbacea L.), as a natural additive for regulating Mul-kimchi fermentation, was assessed for physicochemical and sensory characteristics of Yulmoo Mul-kimchi during storage. Saltwort in the form powder was directly added to the Yulmoo Mul-kimchi preparation at 0 (control), 1, 3, 5, and 7% (w/v) per weight of salt to evaluate their physicochemical, sensory, and microbiological characteristics in storage at $10^{\circ}C$ for 30 days. The pH values of all treatments were high, indicating a less acidic environment in all treatments compared to those of the control sample throughout the preservation period. Total acidity increased with storage time as is usually seen with normal kimchi fermentations, whereas the increases were more gradual in the 3 and 5% treatments. The increases in total vitamin C continued until days 6 (control) to 13 (7%), and were different according to the amount of added saltwort and then they decreased after each peak. The fluctuation in reducing sugars fol owed a similar trends of total vitamin C content by showing an initial increase, followed by a decrease based on the saltwort concentration and storage day. The 5% treatment was most effective for suppressing the increase in turbidity among all treatments. The 3 and 5% treatments showed the highest lactic acid bacteria counts during the entire preservation period. In the sensory evaluation results, adding saltwort at more than 3% concentration attained an overall higher scores of acceptability with respect to color, smell, taste, fresh taste, sour taste, crisp, and overall acceptability characteristics. In conclusion, adding saltwort, particularly at concentrations of 3 and 5% extended the preservation period of Yulmoo Mul-kimchi by retarding fermentation effectively.

본 연구는 함초를 이용하기 위한 목적으로 열무 물김치에 함초분말 첨가량을 달리하였을 때의 맛과 저장성에 미치는 영향을 알아보고, 최적의 함초분말 첨가량을 찾고자 하였다. 함초는 분말을 사용하였으며, 대조구는 함초분말을 첨가하지 않고 재제염만을 사용하였다. 실험 처리구는 대조구에 사용한 재제염의 무게에 대하여 1, 3, 5, 7%의 함초분말을 재제염의 양을 줄이고 각각 달리하여 첨가하였다. 열무 물김치를 담금 후 $10^{\circ}C$에서 30일 동안 발효시키면서 이화학적, 미생물학적 및 관능적 특성을 알아본 결과는 다음과 같다. 3%와 5% 처리구의 pH가 다른 처리구에 비해 발효 말기까지 완만하게 감소하였다. 총산은 발효가 진행됨에 따라 모든 처리구에서 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 5% 처리구가 가장 완만한 총산의 증가를 보였다. 총 비타민 C 함량은 발효가 진행됨에 따라 모든 처리구가 증가하다가 대조구는 발효 6일에, 1% 처리구는 발효 8일에, 3과 5% 처리구는 발효 11일에, 7% 처리구는 발효 13일에 최대값을 보인 후에 다시 감소하였다. 함초분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 총 비타민 C 함량이 높았다. 함초분말 첨가량이 증가할수록 환원당 함량이 높게 나타났으며, 특히 3과 5% 처리구의 경우 발효기간 동안 완만하게 감소하여 발효 말기까지 높은 값을 유지하였다. 탁도는 담금 직후에는 대조구보다 함초분말을 첨가한 처리구에서 탁도가 더 높았으나, 발효가 진행됨에 따라 대조구의 탁도가 더 높아졌고 5% 처리구의 경우 발효 말기까지 가장 완만한 증가를 보였다. 총균수와 젖산균수는 모든 처리구에서 발효가 진행됨에 따라 급격하게 증가하여 최대균수를 보인 후 다시 서서히 감소하였다. 3%와 5% 처리구가 발효가 진행되는 동안 가장 완만한 젖산균수의 증감을 보였다. 관능검사의 기호도 특성에서는 담금 직후부터 발효 말기까지 전반적으로 모든 항목에서 3%와 5% 처리구가 전반적으로 높은 점수를 받았다. 강도 특성은 발효가 진행됨에 따라 모든 처리구에서 이취와 아삭아삭한 정도는 감소하였고, 색, 냄새, 시원한 맛, 신맛은 증가하였다. 이상의 결과에서 열무 물김치에 함초분말을 3과 5% 첨가한 처리구가 이화학적 및 미생물학적인 실험 결과에서 발효를 지연시키고 적숙기를 연장시켜 주었으며, 관능검사 결과에서도 발효 말기까지 꾸준히 높은 점수를 받았다. 그러므로 열무 물김치를 담글 때 함초분말을 3~5% 첨가하는 경우 발효를 지연시켜 주어 맛과 저장성을 향상시켜 줄 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

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