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Antioxidants and Anti-obesity Activities of Hot Water and Ethanolic Extracts from Cheonnyuncho (Opuntia humifusa)

천년초의 열수 및 에탄올 추출물의 항산화 및 항비만 활성

  • Kim, Dae-Jung (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Jung, Ji-Hoon (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Kim, Sun-Gu (Department of Food Science, Kongju National University) ;
  • Lee, Hya-Ku (Department of Food Science, Kongju National University) ;
  • Lee, Seong-Kap (Department of Food and Biotechnology, Hoseo University) ;
  • Hong, Hee-Do (Korea Food Research Institute) ;
  • Lee, Boo-Yong (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, CHA University) ;
  • Lee, Ok-Hwan (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University)
  • 김대중 (충북대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 정지훈 (강원대학교 식품생명공학과) ;
  • 김선구 (공주대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 이효구 (공주대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 이성갑 (호서대학교 식품생물공학과) ;
  • 홍희도 (한국식품연구원) ;
  • 이부용 (차의과학대학교 식품생명공학과) ;
  • 이옥환 (강원대학교 식품생명공학과)
  • Received : 2010.12.08
  • Accepted : 2011.05.21
  • Published : 2011.06.30

Abstract

Recent studies suggested that Cheonnyuncho is a significant source of bioactive phenolic compounds, comparable to phytochemicals, including green tea and onion. In this study, the hot-water and 80% ethanolic extracts of Cheonnyuncho were assessed as to their total phenol content, total flavonoids content, antioxidant activity (DPPH radical-scavenging activity and reducing power), and anti-obesity activity. The results showed that the total phenol contents of the hot water extract and the 80% ethanolic extract were $16.52{\pm}3.87$ and $13.44{\pm}0.85$ mg GAE/g, respectively. The total flavonoids content was detected only in the 80% ethanolic extract, however, with a 778.08 ${\mu}g$ catechin equivalents/g content. The DPPH radical-scavenging activity and reducing power of the 80% ethanolic extract from Cheonnyuncho was significantly higher than those of the water extract (p < 0.05). During the adipocyte differentiation, the 80% ethanolic extract of Cheonnyuncho more significantly inhibited lipid accumulation and ROS production than the 3T3-L1 cells that were treated with hot water extract. Furthermore, the 80% ethanolic extract of Cheonnyuncho suppressed the mRNA abundance of the adipogenic transcription factor, $PPAR{\gamma}$ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ${\gamma}$), and its target gene, aP2 (adipocyte protein 2). These results indicate that Cheonnyuncho extracts can inhibit adipogenesis through a mechanism that involves direct down regulation of $PPAR{\gamma}$ gene expression or via modulation of ROS production associated with radical-scavenging activities.

최근 천년초 선인장은 녹차 및 양파와 같은 피토케미칼(phytochemical)에 함유된 페놀성 화합물의 중요한 소재로 보고되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 천년초 열수 및 80% 에탄올 추출물의 총 페놀 및 총 플라보노이드 함량, 항산화 활성(DPPH 라디칼 소거능 및 환원력) 및 항비만 활성을 평가하였다. 총 페놀 함량은 천년초 열수 추출물 및 80% 에탄올 추출물에서 각각 $16.52{\pm}3.87$$13.44{\pm}0.85$ mg GAE/g로 나타난 반면, 총 폴라보노이드 함량은 80% 에탄올 추출물에서만 778.08 ${\mu}g$ CE/g의 수준으로 검출되었다. DPPH 라디칼 소거능 및 환원력과 같은 항산화 활성은 80% 에탄올 추출물이 열수 추출물에 비하여 높게 나타났다. 3T3-L1의 분화 과정 중의 천년초 추출물들은 50, 100, 200 및 400 ${\mu}g$/mL 농도범위에서 세포독성을 보이지 않았으며, 세포내 지방의 축적량을 유의적으로 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 천년초 80% 에탄올 추출물은 열수 추출물에 비해 세포내 지방축적을 억제하는 효과가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 지방세포 분화에 관련된 전사인자($PPAR{\gamma}$) 및 타깃 유전자인 aP2의 발현율도 천년초 추출물에 의해 유의적으로 감소하였다. 이들의 결과로 비추어 불 때, 천년초 추출물에 함유된 페놀성 화합물 빛 플라보노이드 화합물들은 $PPAR{\gamma}$의 유전자 발현을 억제하여 지방세포 분화를 억제하거나 항산화 활성이 연계된 항비만 활성을 갖는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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